Praxis Elementary Education Content Knowledge
Study Questions Already Passed
Proper Noun
a name used for an individual person, place, or organization, spelled with initial capital letters,
e.g., Larry, Mexico, and Boston Red Sox.
common noun
a word (such as "singer," "ocean," or "car") that refers to a person, place, or thing but that is
not the name of a particular person, place, or thing
collective noun
common collective nouns are class, crowd, flock, panel, committee, group, audience, staff, and
family. A collective noun is one that in the singular form, denotes a number of separate persons
or things.
Preposition
words that indicate location
(on, in, beside, above)
Conjunction
a part of speech that is used to connect words, phrases, clauses, or sentences
(For, And, Nor, But, Or, Yet, So)
Participial Phrase
dressed up like verbs, but they function as adjectives to describe nouns
Shivering, the couple ran out of the rain and into the house.
Prepositional Phrase
At home, In time
,Appositive Phrase
An appositive is a noun or noun phrase that renames another noun right beside it
The insect, a cockroach, is crawling across the kitchen table.
Subject-verb agreement
A singular subject (she, Bill, car) takes a singular verb (is, goes, shines), whereas a plural subject
takes a plural verb.
present tense verb
write or writes
past tense verb
Wrote, played
present perfect tense
formed with a present tense form of "to have" plus the past participle of the verb. This tense
indicates either that an action was completed (finished or "perfected") at some point in the
past or that the action extends to the present
I have walked, we have seen
Past perfect tense
indicates that an action was completed (finished or "perfected") at some point in the past
before something else happened. This tense is formed with the past tense form of "to have"
(HAD) plus the past participle of the verb
ex: I had walked two miles by lunchtime.
Future perfect tense
indicates that an action will have been completed (finished or "perfected") at some point in the
future. This tense is formed with "will" plus "have" plus the past participle of the verb: "I will
have spent all my money by this time next year."
, active verb
the subject of the verb is doing the action
More than 300 million people speak Spanish.
[subject] [active verb]
passive verb
the subject undergoes the action rather than doing it
Spanish is spoken by more than 300 million people worldwide.
Pronoun-antecedent agreement
President Lincoln is the ANTECEDENT for the pronoun his. An antecedent is a word for which a
pronoun stands. ( ante = "before") The pronoun must agree with its antecedent in number.
Rule: A singular pronoun must replace a singular noun; a plural pronoun must replace a plural
noun.
infinitive
basic form of a verb
to have
participle
a word formed from a verb (e.g., going, gone, being, been ) and used as an adjective (e.g.,
working woman, burned toast ) or a noun (e.g., good breeding ).
inflectional endings
An inflectional ending is a group of letters added to the end of a word (suffix) to change its
meaning
Emergent literacy
Emergent literacy is the idea that learning literacy actually begins at a very early age, long
before official lessons in school. This term is used to describe the knowledge a child has of
reading and writing before reaching the age where those skills are taught. Emergent literacy
Study Questions Already Passed
Proper Noun
a name used for an individual person, place, or organization, spelled with initial capital letters,
e.g., Larry, Mexico, and Boston Red Sox.
common noun
a word (such as "singer," "ocean," or "car") that refers to a person, place, or thing but that is
not the name of a particular person, place, or thing
collective noun
common collective nouns are class, crowd, flock, panel, committee, group, audience, staff, and
family. A collective noun is one that in the singular form, denotes a number of separate persons
or things.
Preposition
words that indicate location
(on, in, beside, above)
Conjunction
a part of speech that is used to connect words, phrases, clauses, or sentences
(For, And, Nor, But, Or, Yet, So)
Participial Phrase
dressed up like verbs, but they function as adjectives to describe nouns
Shivering, the couple ran out of the rain and into the house.
Prepositional Phrase
At home, In time
,Appositive Phrase
An appositive is a noun or noun phrase that renames another noun right beside it
The insect, a cockroach, is crawling across the kitchen table.
Subject-verb agreement
A singular subject (she, Bill, car) takes a singular verb (is, goes, shines), whereas a plural subject
takes a plural verb.
present tense verb
write or writes
past tense verb
Wrote, played
present perfect tense
formed with a present tense form of "to have" plus the past participle of the verb. This tense
indicates either that an action was completed (finished or "perfected") at some point in the
past or that the action extends to the present
I have walked, we have seen
Past perfect tense
indicates that an action was completed (finished or "perfected") at some point in the past
before something else happened. This tense is formed with the past tense form of "to have"
(HAD) plus the past participle of the verb
ex: I had walked two miles by lunchtime.
Future perfect tense
indicates that an action will have been completed (finished or "perfected") at some point in the
future. This tense is formed with "will" plus "have" plus the past participle of the verb: "I will
have spent all my money by this time next year."
, active verb
the subject of the verb is doing the action
More than 300 million people speak Spanish.
[subject] [active verb]
passive verb
the subject undergoes the action rather than doing it
Spanish is spoken by more than 300 million people worldwide.
Pronoun-antecedent agreement
President Lincoln is the ANTECEDENT for the pronoun his. An antecedent is a word for which a
pronoun stands. ( ante = "before") The pronoun must agree with its antecedent in number.
Rule: A singular pronoun must replace a singular noun; a plural pronoun must replace a plural
noun.
infinitive
basic form of a verb
to have
participle
a word formed from a verb (e.g., going, gone, being, been ) and used as an adjective (e.g.,
working woman, burned toast ) or a noun (e.g., good breeding ).
inflectional endings
An inflectional ending is a group of letters added to the end of a word (suffix) to change its
meaning
Emergent literacy
Emergent literacy is the idea that learning literacy actually begins at a very early age, long
before official lessons in school. This term is used to describe the knowledge a child has of
reading and writing before reaching the age where those skills are taught. Emergent literacy
