SED2601
ASSIGNMENT 3 2025
UNIQUE NO.209622
DUE DATE: 23 JULY 2025
, SED2601
Assignment 3 2025
Unique No. 209622
Due Date: 23 July 2025
Sociology of Education
Question 1
1.1 How is the concept of 'class' explained by the following theorists?
a) A Conflict Theorist (3 marks)
A conflict theorist, like Karl Marx, sees "class" as a struggle between the rich and the
poor. According to this view, society is divided into different social classes, with the
wealthy (bourgeoisie) controlling resources and power, while the working class
(proletariat) must sell their labor to survive. Conflict theorists believe that class
differences create social inequality, where the rich get richer, and the poor remain
disadvantaged. They argue that the only way to change this is through social
movements or revolutions that challenge the existing system.
b) A Functionalist Theorist (3 marks)
Functionalist theorists, like Emile Durkheim, see "class" as a necessary part of society
that helps maintain order and stability. They argue that different classes exist because
people have different skills, talents, and roles. According to this perspective, some jobs
require more education and responsibility, so those individuals should be rewarded with
higher salaries and better living conditions. Functionalists believe that class differences
encourage people to work hard and contribute to society in meaningful ways. However,
they acknowledge that inequality can become a problem if opportunities are not fairly
distributed.
, 1.2 Discuss the two types of citizenship education and indicate which approach
(active or passive) you think is the best for learners. Substantiate your answer.
(10 marks)
There are two main types of citizenship education: active and passive.
1. Passive Citizenship Education: This approach focuses on teaching students
about their rights, responsibilities, and laws without necessarily encouraging
them to take action. It is more about learning facts rather than engaging with real-
life issues. Students may learn about democracy, human rights, and government
structures, but they are not actively involved in making a difference in their
communities.
2. Active Citizenship Education: This approach encourages learners to
participate in their communities and use their knowledge to bring about change. It
goes beyond just learning about citizenship – students engage in debates,
community projects, and social activism. Active citizenship promotes critical
thinking and problem-solving skills, helping learners understand that they have a
role to play in improving society.
Which is better?
Active citizenship education is the best approach for learners because it empowers
them to make a real difference in their communities. Instead of just memorizing facts
about democracy and rights, students actively participate in discussions, campaigns,
and projects that address social issues. For example, students can organize a clean-up
campaign in their area, raise awareness about gender equality, or participate in student
councils. This hands-on approach ensures that they develop leadership skills,
confidence, and a sense of responsibility, making them more engaged citizens in the
future.
ASSIGNMENT 3 2025
UNIQUE NO.209622
DUE DATE: 23 JULY 2025
, SED2601
Assignment 3 2025
Unique No. 209622
Due Date: 23 July 2025
Sociology of Education
Question 1
1.1 How is the concept of 'class' explained by the following theorists?
a) A Conflict Theorist (3 marks)
A conflict theorist, like Karl Marx, sees "class" as a struggle between the rich and the
poor. According to this view, society is divided into different social classes, with the
wealthy (bourgeoisie) controlling resources and power, while the working class
(proletariat) must sell their labor to survive. Conflict theorists believe that class
differences create social inequality, where the rich get richer, and the poor remain
disadvantaged. They argue that the only way to change this is through social
movements or revolutions that challenge the existing system.
b) A Functionalist Theorist (3 marks)
Functionalist theorists, like Emile Durkheim, see "class" as a necessary part of society
that helps maintain order and stability. They argue that different classes exist because
people have different skills, talents, and roles. According to this perspective, some jobs
require more education and responsibility, so those individuals should be rewarded with
higher salaries and better living conditions. Functionalists believe that class differences
encourage people to work hard and contribute to society in meaningful ways. However,
they acknowledge that inequality can become a problem if opportunities are not fairly
distributed.
, 1.2 Discuss the two types of citizenship education and indicate which approach
(active or passive) you think is the best for learners. Substantiate your answer.
(10 marks)
There are two main types of citizenship education: active and passive.
1. Passive Citizenship Education: This approach focuses on teaching students
about their rights, responsibilities, and laws without necessarily encouraging
them to take action. It is more about learning facts rather than engaging with real-
life issues. Students may learn about democracy, human rights, and government
structures, but they are not actively involved in making a difference in their
communities.
2. Active Citizenship Education: This approach encourages learners to
participate in their communities and use their knowledge to bring about change. It
goes beyond just learning about citizenship – students engage in debates,
community projects, and social activism. Active citizenship promotes critical
thinking and problem-solving skills, helping learners understand that they have a
role to play in improving society.
Which is better?
Active citizenship education is the best approach for learners because it empowers
them to make a real difference in their communities. Instead of just memorizing facts
about democracy and rights, students actively participate in discussions, campaigns,
and projects that address social issues. For example, students can organize a clean-up
campaign in their area, raise awareness about gender equality, or participate in student
councils. This hands-on approach ensures that they develop leadership skills,
confidence, and a sense of responsibility, making them more engaged citizens in the
future.
