ATI PN Fundamental Exam Real 100+ Questions with Correct
Verified Answers /Rationale {Graded A+} lATEST 2024/2025
1. Indicator of pain Dilated pupils
2. PT with active TB Negative airflow room pressure
3. Positive finding for Blue
guaiac smear on stool
specimen
4. Adolescent PT plan of Fever- blood cultures
care with bacterial in-
fection
5. Motor/expressive Numeric
aphasia pain scale
6. Mild anxiety symptom Insomnia
7. Severe anxiety symp- Nausea
tom
8. Sitting down with Both crutches should be in one hand
crutches
9. Palliative care A switch from curative treatment to comfort mea-
sures
10. Indicator of acute pain Dilated pupils
11. Causes of hypov- abnormal gastrointestinal losses- vomiting, naso-
olemia gastric suctioning, diarrhea. abnormal skin losses-
diaphoresis. abnormal renal losses- diuretic thera-
py, diabetes insipidus, renal disease, adrenal insuf-
ficiency, osmotic diuretics. third spacing- peritonitis,
intestinal obstruction, ascitis, burns. hemorrhage.
altered intake- NPO.
12. causes of dehydration hyperventilation, diabetic ketoacidosis, enternal
feeding without sufficient water intake.
13. HCT
, ATI PN Fundamental Exam
hypovalemia- increased hct. dehydration- in-
creased hemoconcentration but not present when
dehydration is caused by hemorrhage. overyhydra-
tion- decreased hct= hemodilution
14. serum osmolarity dehydration-increased hemoconcentration osmo-
larity (>300 mOsm/L-increased protein, BUN, elec-
trolytes, glucose. overyhydration- decreased he-
modilution (osmolarity less than 270 mOsm/L)
levels: 180-300 mOsm/L.
15. urine specific gravity dehydration- increased concentration
and osmolarity
16. serum sodium increased hemoconcentration. hypervolemia- sodi-
um within expected reference range.
levels: 136-145 mEq/L.
17. Causes of hyperv- chronic stimulus to the kidney to conserve sodium
olemia and water (heart failure, cirrhosis, increased glu-
cocorticosteroids), abnormal renal function with re-
duced excretion of sodium and water (renal failure),
interstitial to plasma fluid shifts (hypertonic fluids,
burns), age-related changes in cariovascular and
renal function, excessive sodium intake
18. Causes of overhydra- water replacement without electrolyte replacement
tion (strenuous exercise with profuse diaphoresis)
19. electrolytes, BUN, and overhydration/hypervolemia- decreased elec-
creatinine trolytes, BUN, and creatinine
20. arterial blood gases respiratory alkalosis- decreased PaCO2 (less than
35 mm Hg), increased pH (greater than 7.45)
21. sodium (Na+) major electrolyte found in ECF. essential for main-
tenance of acid-base balance, active and passive
transport mechanisms, and irritability and conduc-
tion of nerve and muscle tissue.
normal levels 136-145 mEq/L
Verified Answers /Rationale {Graded A+} lATEST 2024/2025
1. Indicator of pain Dilated pupils
2. PT with active TB Negative airflow room pressure
3. Positive finding for Blue
guaiac smear on stool
specimen
4. Adolescent PT plan of Fever- blood cultures
care with bacterial in-
fection
5. Motor/expressive Numeric
aphasia pain scale
6. Mild anxiety symptom Insomnia
7. Severe anxiety symp- Nausea
tom
8. Sitting down with Both crutches should be in one hand
crutches
9. Palliative care A switch from curative treatment to comfort mea-
sures
10. Indicator of acute pain Dilated pupils
11. Causes of hypov- abnormal gastrointestinal losses- vomiting, naso-
olemia gastric suctioning, diarrhea. abnormal skin losses-
diaphoresis. abnormal renal losses- diuretic thera-
py, diabetes insipidus, renal disease, adrenal insuf-
ficiency, osmotic diuretics. third spacing- peritonitis,
intestinal obstruction, ascitis, burns. hemorrhage.
altered intake- NPO.
12. causes of dehydration hyperventilation, diabetic ketoacidosis, enternal
feeding without sufficient water intake.
13. HCT
, ATI PN Fundamental Exam
hypovalemia- increased hct. dehydration- in-
creased hemoconcentration but not present when
dehydration is caused by hemorrhage. overyhydra-
tion- decreased hct= hemodilution
14. serum osmolarity dehydration-increased hemoconcentration osmo-
larity (>300 mOsm/L-increased protein, BUN, elec-
trolytes, glucose. overyhydration- decreased he-
modilution (osmolarity less than 270 mOsm/L)
levels: 180-300 mOsm/L.
15. urine specific gravity dehydration- increased concentration
and osmolarity
16. serum sodium increased hemoconcentration. hypervolemia- sodi-
um within expected reference range.
levels: 136-145 mEq/L.
17. Causes of hyperv- chronic stimulus to the kidney to conserve sodium
olemia and water (heart failure, cirrhosis, increased glu-
cocorticosteroids), abnormal renal function with re-
duced excretion of sodium and water (renal failure),
interstitial to plasma fluid shifts (hypertonic fluids,
burns), age-related changes in cariovascular and
renal function, excessive sodium intake
18. Causes of overhydra- water replacement without electrolyte replacement
tion (strenuous exercise with profuse diaphoresis)
19. electrolytes, BUN, and overhydration/hypervolemia- decreased elec-
creatinine trolytes, BUN, and creatinine
20. arterial blood gases respiratory alkalosis- decreased PaCO2 (less than
35 mm Hg), increased pH (greater than 7.45)
21. sodium (Na+) major electrolyte found in ECF. essential for main-
tenance of acid-base balance, active and passive
transport mechanisms, and irritability and conduc-
tion of nerve and muscle tissue.
normal levels 136-145 mEq/L
