BSC 2346 Module 5 Midterm Actual Exam Questions
with Verified Answers Latest Update
1: What is the primary function of the cell membrane in biological cells?---
correct answer ---
The primary function of the cell membrane is to protect the cell by acting as
a barrier, regulating the movement of substances in and out of the cell.
2: Describe the process of osmosis in biological systems. --- correct answer -
--
Osmosis is the movement of water molecules across a semipermeable
membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher
solute concentration, aiming to equalize solute concentrations on both sides
of the membrane.
3: What role do mitochondria play in the cell?--- correct answer ---
Mitochondria are known as the powerhouses of the cell. They generate ATP,
the cells main energy currency, through the process of oxidative
phosphorylation in cellular respiration.
,4: Explain the significance of the Golgi apparatus in cellular processes. ---
correct answer ---
The Golgi apparatus modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for
secretion or delivery to other organelles. It plays a crucial role in processing
and transporting macromolecules within the cell.
5: What is the function of ribosomes in a cell?--- correct answer ---
Ribosomes are the sites of protein synthesis in a cell. They translate genetic
information from mRNA to build polypeptides and proteins.
6: Define homeostasis and its importance in biological systems. --- correct
answer ---
Homeostasis is the process by which biological systems maintain a stable
internal environment despite changes in external conditions. It is vital for
the survival and proper functioning of organisms.
7: How do enzymes facilitate biochemical reactions?--- correct answer ---
Enzymes act as catalysts in biochemical reactions, lowering the activation
energy required and increasing the reaction rate without being consumed in
the process.
, 8: What is the difference between passive and active transport across the
cell membrane?--- correct answer ---
Passive transport involves the movement of substances across the cell
membrane without the use of energy, following the concentration gradient.
Active transport requires energy (usually in the form of ATP) to move
substances against their concentration gradient.
9: Describe the structure and function of DNA. --- correct answer ---
DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is a double-helix structured molecule that
carries genetic information. It consists of nucleotide pairs (adenine-thymine
and cytosine-guanine) and is responsible for storing and transmitting
genetic information during cell division and protein synthesis.
10: What is the role of the endoplasmic reticulum in a cell?--- correct answer
---
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is involved in the synthesis, folding,
modification, and transport of proteins and lipids. The rough ER, studded
with ribosomes, synthesizes proteins, while the smooth ER is involved in
lipid synthesis and detoxification processes.
with Verified Answers Latest Update
1: What is the primary function of the cell membrane in biological cells?---
correct answer ---
The primary function of the cell membrane is to protect the cell by acting as
a barrier, regulating the movement of substances in and out of the cell.
2: Describe the process of osmosis in biological systems. --- correct answer -
--
Osmosis is the movement of water molecules across a semipermeable
membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher
solute concentration, aiming to equalize solute concentrations on both sides
of the membrane.
3: What role do mitochondria play in the cell?--- correct answer ---
Mitochondria are known as the powerhouses of the cell. They generate ATP,
the cells main energy currency, through the process of oxidative
phosphorylation in cellular respiration.
,4: Explain the significance of the Golgi apparatus in cellular processes. ---
correct answer ---
The Golgi apparatus modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for
secretion or delivery to other organelles. It plays a crucial role in processing
and transporting macromolecules within the cell.
5: What is the function of ribosomes in a cell?--- correct answer ---
Ribosomes are the sites of protein synthesis in a cell. They translate genetic
information from mRNA to build polypeptides and proteins.
6: Define homeostasis and its importance in biological systems. --- correct
answer ---
Homeostasis is the process by which biological systems maintain a stable
internal environment despite changes in external conditions. It is vital for
the survival and proper functioning of organisms.
7: How do enzymes facilitate biochemical reactions?--- correct answer ---
Enzymes act as catalysts in biochemical reactions, lowering the activation
energy required and increasing the reaction rate without being consumed in
the process.
, 8: What is the difference between passive and active transport across the
cell membrane?--- correct answer ---
Passive transport involves the movement of substances across the cell
membrane without the use of energy, following the concentration gradient.
Active transport requires energy (usually in the form of ATP) to move
substances against their concentration gradient.
9: Describe the structure and function of DNA. --- correct answer ---
DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is a double-helix structured molecule that
carries genetic information. It consists of nucleotide pairs (adenine-thymine
and cytosine-guanine) and is responsible for storing and transmitting
genetic information during cell division and protein synthesis.
10: What is the role of the endoplasmic reticulum in a cell?--- correct answer
---
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is involved in the synthesis, folding,
modification, and transport of proteins and lipids. The rough ER, studded
with ribosomes, synthesizes proteins, while the smooth ER is involved in
lipid synthesis and detoxification processes.
