CAIP CERTNEXUS EXAM QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
Which of the following concepts refers to actionable intelligence?
Wisdom
Data
Knowledge
Information - Answers -Knowledge
Knowledge is actionable intelligence because it can reveal some action that must be
taken.
You have a dataset of customer information, such as a customer's location, spending
habits, product reviews, and so forth. While you don't have anything specific to predict,
you want to engage in customer segmentation so that customers with similarities are
considered a unified audience in your targeted marketing campaigns. Which type of
machine learning outcome is most appropriate for this situation?
Dimensionality reduction
Classification
Regression
Clustering - Answers -Clustering
Clustering is a type of unsupervised learning that groups together data points with
similarities, and is therefore an excellent outcome when the goal is customer
segmentation.
Which of the following describes the relationship between a machine learning model
and a machine learning algorithm?
A machine learning model represents the input data before it is fed into a machine
learning algorithm.
A machine learning model generates a machine learning algorithm through training.
A machine learning model is the sum of multiple machine learning algorithms.
A machine learning model is created by applying a machine learning algorithm to input
data. - Answers -A machine learning model is created by applying a machine learning
algorithm to input data.
The algorithm is a set of rules upon which the model is built. The model uses these
rules to estimate something about the world through available data. Think of an
algorithm as a blueprint or recipe, and the model as the finished building when given
resources or the finished meal when given ingredients.
What does it mean for a machine learning model to be "stochastic"? - Answers -The
same input can produce different outputs over multiple training sessions.
Which of the following is a Python tool that provides a frontend environment to the
TensorFlow deep learning library?
SciPy
Apache Spark MLlib
Keras
,PyTorch - Answers -Keras
Keras is a high-level interface into TensorFlow, and is particularly useful for beginners
new to deep learning.
SciPy is a component of the Python data science stack that provides mathematical
functions, not a frontend to TensorFlow.
PyTorch is a deep learning library that is similar to TensorFlow, but it is not a frontend to
TensorFlow.
Apache Spark MLlib is a framework for machine learning that leverages clustering
computing, not a frontend to TensorFlow.
Which of the following cloud services is used as a teaching tool for reinforcement
learning?
AWS DeepRacer
Cloud AutoML
Watson OpenScale
Azure Databricks - Answers -AWS DeepRacer
AWS DeepRacer promotes reinforcement learning to beginners by enabling them to
train a toy race car.
Watson OpenScale is an enterprise-grade AI project management platform, not a
service that teaches reinforcement learning to beginners.
Cloud AutoML is a managed machine learning service that is beginner friendly, but it
doesn't promote reinforcement learning in particular.
Azure Databricks is a managed machine learning and deep learning service, not a
service that teaches reinforcement learning to beginners.
Which of the following graphics processing units (GPUs) supports the proprietary
Compute Unified Device Architecture (CUDA) used in applications like deep learning?
Intel Xe series
ARM Mali series
Nvidia GeForce series
AMD RX series - Answers -Nvidia GeForce series
CUDA is a proprietary Nvidia standard, and is usable by modern GPUs in the GeForce
line.
AMD GPUs do not support CUDA.
Attrition bias - Answers -occurs when participants drop out of a long-term experiment or
study
prejudice, bias - Answers -a result of training data that is influenced by cultural or other
stereotypes
Which of the following is an example of an inference attack?
A customer database includes name and address information. An attacker is able to find
the address of a specific customer just by looking up their name.
, An account database includes user names and cryptographically secured passwords.
An attacker finds a database on the Internet that matches plaintext passwords with their
secured versions, enabling the attacker to steal users' credentials.
A donation contact list for a political candidate is filtered to only show people from a
particular area code. However, an attacker is able to reverse this filter to see the entire
list of contacts, regardless of area code.
An employee database is sorted by salary, but those salary figures have since been
removed. Still, an attacker is able to figure out how much money a specific employee
makes. - Answers -An employee database is sorted by salary, but those salary figures
have since been removed. Still, an attacker is able to figure out how much money a
specific employee makes.
The attacker is able to infer some information based on existing clues—in this case, the
fact that the database has been sorted by salary. If the attacker knows the high and low
end of salaries in the company, or even knows the salary of a single employee, they can
estimate the salary for their target.
Which of the following scenarios indicates the presence of noise in a dataset?
Certain values are incorrect due to faulty measurements.
Certain values fail to contribute to the model's pattern recognition abilities.
Certain values are missing altogether in the dataset.
Certain values strongly deviate from the dataset's normal distribution. - Answers -
Certain values fail to contribute to the model's pattern recognition abilities.
Noise involves data that doesn't help the model make predictions, and in some cases,
hinders those predictions.
Certain values are incorrect due to faulty measurements This describes errors, not
noise.
You have a tabular dataset of employee records. When a fellow practitioner references
salary = 67000, which type of data are they referring to'?
Attribute
Example
Feature
Dimension - Answers -Feature - A feature most often refers to a specific data value held
in an attribute—a column in tabular data—which is what your co-worker is referencing.
An attribute most often refers to the columns in a tabular dataset, which is not what your
co-worker is referencing.
An example most often refers to a row or record in a tabular dataset, which is not what
your co-worker is referencing
Question: 1
Which of the following types of attackers would be MOST likely to use multiple zero-day
exploits
executed against high-value, well-defended targets for the purposes of espionage and
sabotage? - Answers -A. Cybercriminals
B. Hacktivists
Which of the following concepts refers to actionable intelligence?
Wisdom
Data
Knowledge
Information - Answers -Knowledge
Knowledge is actionable intelligence because it can reveal some action that must be
taken.
You have a dataset of customer information, such as a customer's location, spending
habits, product reviews, and so forth. While you don't have anything specific to predict,
you want to engage in customer segmentation so that customers with similarities are
considered a unified audience in your targeted marketing campaigns. Which type of
machine learning outcome is most appropriate for this situation?
Dimensionality reduction
Classification
Regression
Clustering - Answers -Clustering
Clustering is a type of unsupervised learning that groups together data points with
similarities, and is therefore an excellent outcome when the goal is customer
segmentation.
Which of the following describes the relationship between a machine learning model
and a machine learning algorithm?
A machine learning model represents the input data before it is fed into a machine
learning algorithm.
A machine learning model generates a machine learning algorithm through training.
A machine learning model is the sum of multiple machine learning algorithms.
A machine learning model is created by applying a machine learning algorithm to input
data. - Answers -A machine learning model is created by applying a machine learning
algorithm to input data.
The algorithm is a set of rules upon which the model is built. The model uses these
rules to estimate something about the world through available data. Think of an
algorithm as a blueprint or recipe, and the model as the finished building when given
resources or the finished meal when given ingredients.
What does it mean for a machine learning model to be "stochastic"? - Answers -The
same input can produce different outputs over multiple training sessions.
Which of the following is a Python tool that provides a frontend environment to the
TensorFlow deep learning library?
SciPy
Apache Spark MLlib
Keras
,PyTorch - Answers -Keras
Keras is a high-level interface into TensorFlow, and is particularly useful for beginners
new to deep learning.
SciPy is a component of the Python data science stack that provides mathematical
functions, not a frontend to TensorFlow.
PyTorch is a deep learning library that is similar to TensorFlow, but it is not a frontend to
TensorFlow.
Apache Spark MLlib is a framework for machine learning that leverages clustering
computing, not a frontend to TensorFlow.
Which of the following cloud services is used as a teaching tool for reinforcement
learning?
AWS DeepRacer
Cloud AutoML
Watson OpenScale
Azure Databricks - Answers -AWS DeepRacer
AWS DeepRacer promotes reinforcement learning to beginners by enabling them to
train a toy race car.
Watson OpenScale is an enterprise-grade AI project management platform, not a
service that teaches reinforcement learning to beginners.
Cloud AutoML is a managed machine learning service that is beginner friendly, but it
doesn't promote reinforcement learning in particular.
Azure Databricks is a managed machine learning and deep learning service, not a
service that teaches reinforcement learning to beginners.
Which of the following graphics processing units (GPUs) supports the proprietary
Compute Unified Device Architecture (CUDA) used in applications like deep learning?
Intel Xe series
ARM Mali series
Nvidia GeForce series
AMD RX series - Answers -Nvidia GeForce series
CUDA is a proprietary Nvidia standard, and is usable by modern GPUs in the GeForce
line.
AMD GPUs do not support CUDA.
Attrition bias - Answers -occurs when participants drop out of a long-term experiment or
study
prejudice, bias - Answers -a result of training data that is influenced by cultural or other
stereotypes
Which of the following is an example of an inference attack?
A customer database includes name and address information. An attacker is able to find
the address of a specific customer just by looking up their name.
, An account database includes user names and cryptographically secured passwords.
An attacker finds a database on the Internet that matches plaintext passwords with their
secured versions, enabling the attacker to steal users' credentials.
A donation contact list for a political candidate is filtered to only show people from a
particular area code. However, an attacker is able to reverse this filter to see the entire
list of contacts, regardless of area code.
An employee database is sorted by salary, but those salary figures have since been
removed. Still, an attacker is able to figure out how much money a specific employee
makes. - Answers -An employee database is sorted by salary, but those salary figures
have since been removed. Still, an attacker is able to figure out how much money a
specific employee makes.
The attacker is able to infer some information based on existing clues—in this case, the
fact that the database has been sorted by salary. If the attacker knows the high and low
end of salaries in the company, or even knows the salary of a single employee, they can
estimate the salary for their target.
Which of the following scenarios indicates the presence of noise in a dataset?
Certain values are incorrect due to faulty measurements.
Certain values fail to contribute to the model's pattern recognition abilities.
Certain values are missing altogether in the dataset.
Certain values strongly deviate from the dataset's normal distribution. - Answers -
Certain values fail to contribute to the model's pattern recognition abilities.
Noise involves data that doesn't help the model make predictions, and in some cases,
hinders those predictions.
Certain values are incorrect due to faulty measurements This describes errors, not
noise.
You have a tabular dataset of employee records. When a fellow practitioner references
salary = 67000, which type of data are they referring to'?
Attribute
Example
Feature
Dimension - Answers -Feature - A feature most often refers to a specific data value held
in an attribute—a column in tabular data—which is what your co-worker is referencing.
An attribute most often refers to the columns in a tabular dataset, which is not what your
co-worker is referencing.
An example most often refers to a row or record in a tabular dataset, which is not what
your co-worker is referencing
Question: 1
Which of the following types of attackers would be MOST likely to use multiple zero-day
exploits
executed against high-value, well-defended targets for the purposes of espionage and
sabotage? - Answers -A. Cybercriminals
B. Hacktivists
