AAOS EMT EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
acute stress reactions - Answer -Reaction to stress that occurs during a stressful
situation.
airborne transmission - Answer -The spread of an organism in aerosol form.
bloodborne pathogens - Answer -Pathogenic microorganisms that are present in human
blood and can cause disease in humans. These pathogens include, but are not limited
to, hepatitis B virus and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) - Answer -The primary federal
agency that conducts and supports public health activities in the United States. The
CDC is part of the US Department of Health and Human Services.
communicable disease - Answer -A disease that can be spread from one person or
species to another.
contamination - Answer -The presence of infectious organisms or foreign bodies on or
in objects such as dressings, water, food, needles, wounds, or a patient's body.
cover and concealment - Answer -The tactical use of an impenetrable barrier for
protection.
critical incident stress management (CISM) - Answer -A process that confronts the
responses to critical incidents and defuses them, directing the emergency services
personnel toward physical and emotional equilibrium.
cumulative stress reactions - Answer -Prolonged or excessive stress.
delayed stress reaction - Answer -Reaction to stress that occurs after a stressful
situation.
designated officer - Answer -The individual in the department who is charged with the
responsibility of managing exposures and infection control issues.
direct contact - Answer -Exposure or transmission of a communicable disease from one
person to another by physical contact.
, exposure - Answer -A situation in which a person has had contact with blood, body
fluids, tissues, or airborne particles in a manner that suggests disease transmission may
occur.
foodborne transmission - Answer -The contamination of food or water with an organism
than can cause disease.
general adaptation syndrome - Answer -The body's response to stress that begins with
an alarm response, followed by a stage of reaction and resistance, and then recovery
or, if the stress is prolonged, exhaustion.
hepatitis - Answer -Inflammation of the liver, usually caused by a viral infection, that
causes fever, loss of appetite, jaundice, fatigue, and altered liver function.
host - Answer -The organism or individual that is attacked by the infecting agent.
human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) - Answer -Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
(AIDS) is caused by HIV, which damages the cells in the body's immune system so that
the body is unable to fight infection or certain cancers.
immune - Answer -The body's ability to protect itself from acquiring a disease.
indirect contact - Answer -Exposure or transmission of disease from one person to
another by contact with a contaminated object.
infection - Answer -The abnormal invasion of a host or host tissues by organisms such
as bacteria, viruses, or parasites, with or without signs or symptoms of disease.
infection control - Answer -Procedures to reduce transmission of infection among
patients and health care personnel.
infectious disease - Answer -a medical condition caused by the growth and spread of
small, harmful organisms within the body.
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) - Answer -The federal
regulatory compliance agency that develops, publishes, and enforces guidelines
concerning safety in the workplace.
pathogen - Answer -A microorganism that is capable of causing disease in a susceptible
host.
personal protective equipment (PPE) - Answer -Clothing or specialized equipment that
provides protection to the wearer.
ANSWERS
acute stress reactions - Answer -Reaction to stress that occurs during a stressful
situation.
airborne transmission - Answer -The spread of an organism in aerosol form.
bloodborne pathogens - Answer -Pathogenic microorganisms that are present in human
blood and can cause disease in humans. These pathogens include, but are not limited
to, hepatitis B virus and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) - Answer -The primary federal
agency that conducts and supports public health activities in the United States. The
CDC is part of the US Department of Health and Human Services.
communicable disease - Answer -A disease that can be spread from one person or
species to another.
contamination - Answer -The presence of infectious organisms or foreign bodies on or
in objects such as dressings, water, food, needles, wounds, or a patient's body.
cover and concealment - Answer -The tactical use of an impenetrable barrier for
protection.
critical incident stress management (CISM) - Answer -A process that confronts the
responses to critical incidents and defuses them, directing the emergency services
personnel toward physical and emotional equilibrium.
cumulative stress reactions - Answer -Prolonged or excessive stress.
delayed stress reaction - Answer -Reaction to stress that occurs after a stressful
situation.
designated officer - Answer -The individual in the department who is charged with the
responsibility of managing exposures and infection control issues.
direct contact - Answer -Exposure or transmission of a communicable disease from one
person to another by physical contact.
, exposure - Answer -A situation in which a person has had contact with blood, body
fluids, tissues, or airborne particles in a manner that suggests disease transmission may
occur.
foodborne transmission - Answer -The contamination of food or water with an organism
than can cause disease.
general adaptation syndrome - Answer -The body's response to stress that begins with
an alarm response, followed by a stage of reaction and resistance, and then recovery
or, if the stress is prolonged, exhaustion.
hepatitis - Answer -Inflammation of the liver, usually caused by a viral infection, that
causes fever, loss of appetite, jaundice, fatigue, and altered liver function.
host - Answer -The organism or individual that is attacked by the infecting agent.
human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) - Answer -Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
(AIDS) is caused by HIV, which damages the cells in the body's immune system so that
the body is unable to fight infection or certain cancers.
immune - Answer -The body's ability to protect itself from acquiring a disease.
indirect contact - Answer -Exposure or transmission of disease from one person to
another by contact with a contaminated object.
infection - Answer -The abnormal invasion of a host or host tissues by organisms such
as bacteria, viruses, or parasites, with or without signs or symptoms of disease.
infection control - Answer -Procedures to reduce transmission of infection among
patients and health care personnel.
infectious disease - Answer -a medical condition caused by the growth and spread of
small, harmful organisms within the body.
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) - Answer -The federal
regulatory compliance agency that develops, publishes, and enforces guidelines
concerning safety in the workplace.
pathogen - Answer -A microorganism that is capable of causing disease in a susceptible
host.
personal protective equipment (PPE) - Answer -Clothing or specialized equipment that
provides protection to the wearer.
