NURS 345 Practice Test Questions and
Correct Answers
Considering the many criteria for good mental health, the nursing student has been
instructed to list four of these criteria. The student's list consists of the following: (1)
an appropriate perception of reality, (2) the ability to accept oneself, (3) the ability to
establish relationships, (4) a need for detachment and the desire for privacy. How would
the nurse evaluate the nursing student's list?
1. Excellent. All the student's criteria are correct.
2. Good. Three out of the four criteria are correct.
3. Mediocre. Two out of the four criteria are correct.
4. Poor. All four of the criteria are incorrect. ✅1
Which assessment is most important when evaluating signs and symptoms of mental
illness?
1. The decreased amount of creativity a client exhibits.
2. The inability to face problems within one's life.
3. The intensity of an emotional reaction.
4. The client's social and cultural norms. ✅4
Which is an example of an interpersonal intervention for a client on an in-patient
psychiatric unit?
1. Assist the client to note common defense mechanisms used.
2. Discuss "acting out" behaviors, and assist the client in understanding why they occur.
3. Ask the client to use a journal to record thoughts he or she is having before acting out
behaviors occur.
4. Ask the client to acknowledge one positive person in his or her life to assist the client
after discharge ✅4
Which is an example of appropriate psychosexual development?
1. An 18-month-old relieves anxiety by the use of a pacifier.
2. A 5-year-old boy focuses on relationships with other boys.
3. A 7-year-old girl identifies with her mother.
4. A 12-month-old begins learning about independence and control ✅1
From birth to 18 months of age, a child is
in the oral stage of Freud's psychosexual
development.
From the age of 3 to 6 years, a child is in the
phallic stage of Freud's psychosexual development. During this stage, a child is looking
to identify with the parent of the same sex and
developing his or her own sexual identity by
focusing on genital organs
,From 6 to 12 years of age, a child is in the
latency stage of Freud's psychosexual development. During this stage, a child is
suppressing sexuality and focusing on relationships
with same-sex peers
Learning about independence and control
occurs in Freud's anal phase of psychosexual
development, which occurs from 18 months
to 3 years of age
In which client situation is ego development evident?
1. A client calls out in pain to get his or her needs met.
2. A client complains of poor self-esteem because of punishments from his or her past.
3. A client exhibits the ability to assert himself or herself without anger or aggression.
4. A client morally feels guilty about wanting to have sexual relations outside of
marriage. ✅3. The ego
Instinctual drives are considered examples of
the id, which is based on the "pleasure
principle." The id is present at birth and
assists individuals to decrease immediately
the anxiety based on primal needs. Calling
out in pain is an example of a primal
response.
Between 3 and 6 years of age, a child begins
to develop his or her own superego by being
rewarded or punished for "good" and "bad"
behavior. The superego internalizes values
and morals set forth by the primary caregivers.
This is considered the "perfection
principle." The superego is important in
that it assists the ego in controlling the
impulses of the id. When the superego
becomes penalizing, self-esteem issues
can arise.
After studying the concepts of personality development, the nursing student
understands that Freud is to psychoanalytic theory as Peplau is to:
1. Psychosocial theory.
2. Nursing theory.
3. Interpersonal theory.
4. Object relations theory. ✅2. Peplau developed the nursing theory that
promotes the nurse-client relationship by
applying interpersonal theory to nursing
, practice
Erikson developed psychosocial theory as a
further expansion of Freud's psychoanalytic
theory
Sullivan developed interpersonal theory based
on the belief that individual behavior and
personality development are the direct
results of interpersonal relationships.
Mahler developed the object relations theory
(birth to 36 months), which describes the
separation-individuation process of the infant
from the maternal figure
Nursing theorists have identified that the nurse-client relationship is central to the
practice of nursing. After studying these concepts of nursing theory, the nursing student
understands that Peplau is to the phases of the nurse-client relationship as Watson is
to:
1. Seven assumptions about the science of caring.
2. Cultural care diversity and universality.
3. Modeling and role modeling.
4. Human energy fields. ✅1. Watson believed that curing disease is the
domain of medicine, whereas caring is the
domain of nursing
After studying nursing interventions in the context of nursing theory, the nursing student
understands that Neuman is to primary, secondary, or tertiary prevention as Roy is to:
1. Activities needed to meet self-care demands and solve self-care deficits.
2. Assisting the client to examine and understand the meaning of life experiences.
3. Interventions that seek to alter or manage stimuli so that adaptive responses can
occur.
4. Interactions with versus for the client to achieve maximum potential. ✅3. Roy
developed the "Roy Adaptation
Model," Roy describes nursing actions as
interventions that seek to alter or manage
stimuli so that adaptive responses can
occur.
Which goal represents the cognitive-behavioral model according to Beck and Ellis?
1. Developing satisfactory relationships, maturity, and relative freedom from anxiety.
2. Substituting rational beliefs for irrational beliefs and eliminating self-defeating
behaviors.
3. Facing reality and developing standards for behaving responsibly.
Correct Answers
Considering the many criteria for good mental health, the nursing student has been
instructed to list four of these criteria. The student's list consists of the following: (1)
an appropriate perception of reality, (2) the ability to accept oneself, (3) the ability to
establish relationships, (4) a need for detachment and the desire for privacy. How would
the nurse evaluate the nursing student's list?
1. Excellent. All the student's criteria are correct.
2. Good. Three out of the four criteria are correct.
3. Mediocre. Two out of the four criteria are correct.
4. Poor. All four of the criteria are incorrect. ✅1
Which assessment is most important when evaluating signs and symptoms of mental
illness?
1. The decreased amount of creativity a client exhibits.
2. The inability to face problems within one's life.
3. The intensity of an emotional reaction.
4. The client's social and cultural norms. ✅4
Which is an example of an interpersonal intervention for a client on an in-patient
psychiatric unit?
1. Assist the client to note common defense mechanisms used.
2. Discuss "acting out" behaviors, and assist the client in understanding why they occur.
3. Ask the client to use a journal to record thoughts he or she is having before acting out
behaviors occur.
4. Ask the client to acknowledge one positive person in his or her life to assist the client
after discharge ✅4
Which is an example of appropriate psychosexual development?
1. An 18-month-old relieves anxiety by the use of a pacifier.
2. A 5-year-old boy focuses on relationships with other boys.
3. A 7-year-old girl identifies with her mother.
4. A 12-month-old begins learning about independence and control ✅1
From birth to 18 months of age, a child is
in the oral stage of Freud's psychosexual
development.
From the age of 3 to 6 years, a child is in the
phallic stage of Freud's psychosexual development. During this stage, a child is looking
to identify with the parent of the same sex and
developing his or her own sexual identity by
focusing on genital organs
,From 6 to 12 years of age, a child is in the
latency stage of Freud's psychosexual development. During this stage, a child is
suppressing sexuality and focusing on relationships
with same-sex peers
Learning about independence and control
occurs in Freud's anal phase of psychosexual
development, which occurs from 18 months
to 3 years of age
In which client situation is ego development evident?
1. A client calls out in pain to get his or her needs met.
2. A client complains of poor self-esteem because of punishments from his or her past.
3. A client exhibits the ability to assert himself or herself without anger or aggression.
4. A client morally feels guilty about wanting to have sexual relations outside of
marriage. ✅3. The ego
Instinctual drives are considered examples of
the id, which is based on the "pleasure
principle." The id is present at birth and
assists individuals to decrease immediately
the anxiety based on primal needs. Calling
out in pain is an example of a primal
response.
Between 3 and 6 years of age, a child begins
to develop his or her own superego by being
rewarded or punished for "good" and "bad"
behavior. The superego internalizes values
and morals set forth by the primary caregivers.
This is considered the "perfection
principle." The superego is important in
that it assists the ego in controlling the
impulses of the id. When the superego
becomes penalizing, self-esteem issues
can arise.
After studying the concepts of personality development, the nursing student
understands that Freud is to psychoanalytic theory as Peplau is to:
1. Psychosocial theory.
2. Nursing theory.
3. Interpersonal theory.
4. Object relations theory. ✅2. Peplau developed the nursing theory that
promotes the nurse-client relationship by
applying interpersonal theory to nursing
, practice
Erikson developed psychosocial theory as a
further expansion of Freud's psychoanalytic
theory
Sullivan developed interpersonal theory based
on the belief that individual behavior and
personality development are the direct
results of interpersonal relationships.
Mahler developed the object relations theory
(birth to 36 months), which describes the
separation-individuation process of the infant
from the maternal figure
Nursing theorists have identified that the nurse-client relationship is central to the
practice of nursing. After studying these concepts of nursing theory, the nursing student
understands that Peplau is to the phases of the nurse-client relationship as Watson is
to:
1. Seven assumptions about the science of caring.
2. Cultural care diversity and universality.
3. Modeling and role modeling.
4. Human energy fields. ✅1. Watson believed that curing disease is the
domain of medicine, whereas caring is the
domain of nursing
After studying nursing interventions in the context of nursing theory, the nursing student
understands that Neuman is to primary, secondary, or tertiary prevention as Roy is to:
1. Activities needed to meet self-care demands and solve self-care deficits.
2. Assisting the client to examine and understand the meaning of life experiences.
3. Interventions that seek to alter or manage stimuli so that adaptive responses can
occur.
4. Interactions with versus for the client to achieve maximum potential. ✅3. Roy
developed the "Roy Adaptation
Model," Roy describes nursing actions as
interventions that seek to alter or manage
stimuli so that adaptive responses can
occur.
Which goal represents the cognitive-behavioral model according to Beck and Ellis?
1. Developing satisfactory relationships, maturity, and relative freedom from anxiety.
2. Substituting rational beliefs for irrational beliefs and eliminating self-defeating
behaviors.
3. Facing reality and developing standards for behaving responsibly.
