FNDH 600 Quizzes up to Exam 1 | 100% Correct | Verified | 2024 Version

Mostly due to public health efforts, life expectancy increased from 1900 until the end of the 20th Century by about _______ years - 30 years T or F: The determinants of Health consist mainly of genetics (family history) and personal choices, which suggests that public health efforts should focus mainly each individual personal choices. - False This federal-level public health organization is part of the Department of Health and Human Services, has 14,000 employees working in 40 countries, and a budget of more than $10 billion, including about $1 billion for health promotion programs. Their mission is "to promote health and quality of life by preventing and controlling disease, injury, and disability." - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention The 3 major functions or core functions of public health include: - Assurance, policy development, & assessment In the USA in 1900, one of the top three causes of death was: - Tuberculosis (or consumption) The level of prevention that involves early detection of the potential for development of a disease or condition is called: - Primary prevention "The history of public health might well be written as a record of successive re-definings of the ____________________." - Unacceptable Which of these is something a public health professional is least likely to do in their profession? - Conduct phase I clinical trials for a new medication If recent trends continue with US birth demographics and poverty among children, which of these is most likely: - The proportion of people living in poverty will increaseWhich of the following public health organizations was instrumental in helping thousands of farmers to reclaim fertile river land for growing crops and simultaneously to prevent river blindness? - World Health Organization Epidemiology - The study of the distribution and determinants of disease or health status in a population Health Education - Programs designed with a community to help it know about health risks about health risks and how to reduce these risks Health Promotion - The process of enabling people to increase control over their health and its determinants, and thereby improve their health Prevention - Actions that reduce exposure or other risks, keep people from getting sick, or keep disease from getting worse Public Health Surveillance - The ongoing, systematic collection, analysis, and interpretation of health data Environmental Health - The protection from hazards in the environment According to Warin (2018), "...these dominant discourses about an individual's ignorance and the marked differences in food provision, types of health education and information, suggested that people's knowledge about healthy eating was less sophisticated in one locale, and that they needed to be educated with basic information and cooking lessons to help them change their 'ill-informed' eating behaviours." In this statement, the author is mainly highlighting perceived differences between: - Higher and lower socio-economic areas According to Warin (2018), there is very strong evidence that interventions that try to change people's behaviors in isolation are both effective and cost-effective. - FalseWithin the article by Warin (2018), the ethnographic vignette described by Nadine demonstrates that: - Families are resources and the enablers of change in that they connect and build relationships with other families in ways that professionals cannot Warin's (2018) ethnographic fieldwork included all of the following except: - Administering food frequency questionnaires to participants T or F: The absolute poverty threshold in the developing world is set at $14.40/day. - False As the world's leading health problem, poverty is associated with: - Unsafe water and sanitation, Inferior health care, High infant mortality and childhood deaths, Lower life expectancy among adults T or F: Hunger is a cause of poverty - True T or F: More than 1 out of 4 people (2 billion) in the world do not have access to basic sanitation services, such as toilet or simple latrine. - True T or F: As a proportion (%) of the overall populations, extreme poverty has been falling worldwide since 1990, but relative poverty in the USA has been increasing since 1959. - False In the United States, this is the type of poverty we describe when we say that about 1 in 5 children lives below the poverty line: - Relative poverty T or F: The poverty rate today may be compared with the poverty rate of a decade ago, knowing that the definition of what constitutes poverty has not changed. - True The practice of denying services, either directly or through selectively raising prices, to residents of certain areas based on the racial or ethnic composition of those areas is specifically known as: - RedliningT or F: In the USA, child poverty has shown declines recently for most racial and ethnic groups, but major disparities between groups still exist. - True T or F: Some recent evidence, published in the journal Science, suggests that poor people are more prone to making bad decisions and mistakes (than non-poor people), which can worsen and prolong their poverty. - True Differences in rates of disease or differences in health outcomes affecting the health status of certain racial or ethnic groups are known as: - Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities Racism may impact health through all of the following: - Discrimination can lead to reduced access to desirable goods and services. Segregation can create pathogenic residential conditions. Internalized racism (acceptance of society's negative characterization) can adversely affect health. Experiences of discrimination may be a neglected psychosocial stressor. T or F: According to Adler et al (2016), the best available evidence suggests that a health policy framework addressing social and behavioral determinants of health would achieve better population health, less inequality, and lower costs than our current policies. Adler, N. E., Cutler, D. M., Jonathan, J. E., Galea, S., Glymour, M., Koh, H. K., & Satcher, D. (2016). Addressing Social Determinants of Health and Health Disparities. Discussion Paper, Vital Directions for Health and Health Care Series. National Academy of Medicine, Washington, DC. - True T or F: Adler et al (2016) stated that socioeconomic disparities underlie other bases of health disparities, which means that racial and ethnic heal