EIP MIDTERM, USA EIP I Exam 1/Midterm Questions And Answers With Verified Solutions

What are the 3 components involved in a research approach? - Answer-1. Philosophical World-views 2. Designs 3. Research Methods What are the most popular Philosophical world-views? - Answer-1. Postpositivist 2. Constructivist 3. Transformative 4. Pragmatic What information helps the researcher explain why they chose their research design? - Answer-1. The Philosophical World-view proposed in the study 2. Definition of basic ideas of that world-view 3. How world-view shaped their approach to research What are the major elements of post-positivism world-view? - Answer-1. More for quantitative research 2. a.k.a. scientific method 3. Challenges what is known to be true 4. Recognizing we can't be ABSOLUTELY positive, b/c we're 5. Reduce big ?'s into testable ideas 6. Gathering data and studying behavior What are the major elements of Constructivist world-view? - Answer-1. More for qualitative research 2. a.k.a. social constructivism 3. Seek to understand the world in which they live 4. Look for complexity of the view from participants experiences 5. Uses open-ended questions6. Theory generation & always understanding social and historical settings 7. Unlike post-positivism, they generate (construct) theory What are the major elements of Transformative world-view? - Answer-1. research needs to be intertwined with politics to confront social oppression. 2. Contains an action agenda for reform that may change participants life 3. Addresses important social issues 4. Collaborative with participants directly involved in social injustice - creates voice for them by them helping design and collect data What are the major elements of Pragmatic world-view? - Answer-1. Unlike postpositivist, arises out of actions, situations, and consequences 2. Mixed methods approach- use qualitative and quantitative 3. Is problem-centered, want to understand research problem 4. Look to what and how to research 5. "Real world" practice oriented What are the different research designs? - Answer-1. Quantitative 2. Qualitative 3. Mixed Methods Mixed methods uses both predetermined and emerging methods in research design. Which of these is qualitative and quantitative? - Answer-Predetermined- Quantitative Emerging- Qualitative Mixed methods use both open- and closed-ended questions in their research design, which one is qualitative and quantitative? - Answer-open ended- Qualitative Closed-ended- Quantitative (instrument based ?'s)Mixed methods use multiple forms of data drawing on all possibilities in their research design, describe quantitative and qualitative data - Answer-1. Quantitative date- performance, attitude, observational, senses 2. Qualitative- interview, observation, document, and audiovisual Mixed methods use statistical and text analysis in its research design, which one is qualitative and quantitative? - Answer-Quantitative- statistical analysis Qualitative- Text and image analyisis Mixed methods collect data by interpreting statistical analysis and themes & patterns analysis, which one is qualitative and quantitative? - Answer-Quantitative- statistical interpretation Qualitative- Themes and pattern interpretation Which research approach uses constructivist/ transformative claims? - Answer-Qualitative Which research approach uses postpositivist claims? - Answer-Quantitative Which research approach uses pragmatic claims? - Answer-Mixed Methods What are the alternative designs that make up quantitative research? - Answer-1. Survey Designs (and sometimes data surveys) getting a description of trends 2. Experimental Designs (treatment vs. control group) -Random, quasi-experiment (nonrandom & single subject) 3. Longitudinal Designs- collects data over time What are the alternative designs that make up qualitative research? - Answer-1. Narrative design 2. Phenomenology 3. Grounded Theory 4. Ethnographies5. Case studies What are the alternative designs that make up mixed methods research? - Answer-1. Combines qualitative & quantitative design 2. Explanatory Sequential- quantitative data collected 1st, then elaborate w/ qualitative research 3. Exploratory Sequential- qualitative data (views) collected 1st, then elaborate w/ quantitative research In qualitative research, which design focuses on studying lives of individuals and often combines views of participant in collaboration with researcher(s) life? - Answer-Narrative research In qualitative research, which design focuses on philosophy and psychology in a group of participants experiencing 1 phenomenon, and typically conducts ________________. - Answer-Phenomenological research Interviews In qualitative research, which design focuses on sociology and emerging patterns grounded in the views of the participants? - Answer-Grounded Theory In qualitative research, which design focuses on sociology in which researcher studies shared patterns of behaviors, language, and actions of an intact culture group in a natural setting in a prolonged period of time? Data collection also involves ________ and __________. - Answer-Ethnography Observation Interviews In qualitative research, which design focuses on in-depth analysis of a case, often a program, event, activity, process, or one or more individuals. - Answer-Case Study Given the scenario, illustrate the 3 research designs and the overall approach used. Researcher tests a theory by specifying narrow hypothesis and collection of data to support or refute hypothesis. Attitudes are assessed both before and after an experimental treatment. Data is collects on instrument that measures attitudes, and info. is analyzed using statistical procedures and hypothesistesting. - Answer-Quantitative approach; postpositivist worldview; experimental design, and pretest and posttest measures of attitude (survey) Given the scenario, illustrate the 3 research designs and the overall approach used. Researcher seeks to establish meaning of phenomenon from views of participants. This means identifying culture sharing group, and studying how it develops shared patterns of behavior over time. One of key elements of collecting data in this way is to observe participant behaviors during their engagement in activities. - Answer-1. Qualitative approach 2. Constructivist world view *Key word- establishing meaning of phenomenon from participants views 3. Ethnographic design *Key word- behavior over time Given the scenario, illustrate the 3 research designs and the overall approach used. Researcher bases inquiry on assumption that collecting diverse types of data best provides a more complete understanding of a research problem than either quantitative or qualitative data alone. The study begins with a broad survey in order to generalize results to a population and then, in a 2nd phase, focuses on qualitative, open-ended interviews to collect detailed views from participants to help explain the initial quantitative survey. - Answer-1. Mixed Methods Approach 2. Pragmatic Worldview 3. Explanatory sequential design Given the scenario, illustrate the 3 research designs and the overall approach used.