ALL CHAPTERS PSY330 Behavioral Neuroscience notes (full semester)

1




PSY 330
Foundations of Behavioral Neuroscience
Grand Valley State University

, 2

Index
● Section 1:
➔ Neurons & Glial Cells
➔ Neurotransmission
➔ Neurotransmitters
➔ Neuroanatomy
➔ Research Methods

● Section 2:
➔ Hearing
➔ Vision
➔ Mechanical Senses
➔ Chemical Senses
➔ Thirst & Hunger
➔ Temperature

● Section 3:
➔ Sleep
➔ Stress
➔ Emotions, Fear, & Aggression
➔ Reproduction
➔ Sexual Differentiation
➔ Neuroscience & the Law

● Section 4:
➔ Drugs
➔ Social Neuroscience
➔ Memory & Learning
➔ Language
➔ Disorders

, 3


Section 1


Neurons & Glial Cells




● Soma - life source of neuron
● Dendrites - pick up information/neurotransmitters
● Dendritic spines - more surface area to pick up information
● Axon hillock - interprets information
● Axon - information travels down axon
● Myelin sheath - layer of tissue that covers the axon; allows information to be processed
quicker
● Axon terminals/Terminal buttons - releases neurotransmitters to next neuron


Ion Na (Sodium) K (Potassium) Ca (Calcium) Cl (Chloride)

Charge + + + -

Commonly Outside of Inside of Outside of Outside of
Located at Rest Neuron Neuron Neuron Neuron

● Neuron = brain cell
● Neuron Doctrine: the idea that the human brain is made up of individual neurons.
● 3 types of neurons:
1) Motor - motion and function
2) Sensory - senses (sight, hearing, taste, touch, smell)
3) Inter - allow communication between motor and sensory neurons
● Glial cells = support cells
➔ Microglia - clean up debris and dead neurons
➔ Astrocytes - repair neurons; also helps with blood-brain barrier
➔ Schwann - creates myelin sheath in the peripheral
➔ Oligodendroglia - creates myelin sheath in the central nervous system