ENPC Exam Questions and Answers
Pediatric triangle - Answer- appearance
work of breathing
circulation to skin
General appearance considerations - Answer- Tone
Interactiveness: drawn to sounds or people. Wants to play
Consolability
Look/Gaze
Speech/cry
Work of breathing: - Answer- Increased work of breathing evidenced by tachypnea,
stridor, grunting, retractions, accessory musles, nasal flaring, head bobbing, abnormal
positioning
Circulation to Skin - Answer- Observe palor
mottling
cyanosis
Sick, Sicker, Sickest - Answer- Sick: no disruption of any component of PAT but
caregivers are concerned
Sicker: one component of PAT is a concern
Sickest 2+ concerns of PAT
2 leading causes of altered mental status in kids - Answer- hypoxia
hypoglycemia
Blood pressure norms - Answer- Hypotension: Less than 70 + (2 x age in years)
Widening pulse pressure = increased ICP
Narrowing pulse pressure = hypovolemic shock
Crying child - Answer- Vigorous = good
weak = sick
high-pitched = increased ICP
"Fussiness" = red flag
, Respiratory distress indicated by: - Answer- increased heart rate
skin color changes
incrased work of breathing
wheezing
diaphoresis
abnormal airwa sounds
Respiratory failure signs - Answer- fatigue and become lethargic
hypoxia
hypercarbia
General airway interventions - Answer- Allow child to stay in most comfortable position
Give O2 to maintain it above 92%
O2 does NOT measure ventilation
Croup - Answer- 1-3 days of nasal congestion and fever with sudden onset of barky
cough
Treatment: dexamethasone and nebulized epi
Discharge Teaching: oral hydration, get child to cool air or steamy bathroom
Asthma interventions - Answer- albuterol, duo neb and oral steroid
Bronchiolitis/RSV - Answer- Assessment: 1-3 days nasal congestion fever, cough,
respiratory distress with wheezing and crackles. Dehydration and tachypnea
interventions: nasla suctioning, fluids
sever: heated, high flow nasal cannula O2
Discharge: lasts 2-3 weeks; nasal suctioning; monitor hydration
treating hypoglycemia - Answer- obtain glucose for anyone who is not awake and alert
treat kids with 2-4ml/kg of D25W
When to perform blood glucose test? - Answer- When the child is not awake and alert or
AMS is suspected
Preventing Secondary brain injury in TBI - Answer- prevent hypotension and hypoxia
cuffed vs uncuffed tube - Answer- uncuffed= (age in years/4) + 4
cuffed= (age in years/4) + 3.5
fluid bolus formula - Answer- infant: 10ml/kg
Pediatric triangle - Answer- appearance
work of breathing
circulation to skin
General appearance considerations - Answer- Tone
Interactiveness: drawn to sounds or people. Wants to play
Consolability
Look/Gaze
Speech/cry
Work of breathing: - Answer- Increased work of breathing evidenced by tachypnea,
stridor, grunting, retractions, accessory musles, nasal flaring, head bobbing, abnormal
positioning
Circulation to Skin - Answer- Observe palor
mottling
cyanosis
Sick, Sicker, Sickest - Answer- Sick: no disruption of any component of PAT but
caregivers are concerned
Sicker: one component of PAT is a concern
Sickest 2+ concerns of PAT
2 leading causes of altered mental status in kids - Answer- hypoxia
hypoglycemia
Blood pressure norms - Answer- Hypotension: Less than 70 + (2 x age in years)
Widening pulse pressure = increased ICP
Narrowing pulse pressure = hypovolemic shock
Crying child - Answer- Vigorous = good
weak = sick
high-pitched = increased ICP
"Fussiness" = red flag
, Respiratory distress indicated by: - Answer- increased heart rate
skin color changes
incrased work of breathing
wheezing
diaphoresis
abnormal airwa sounds
Respiratory failure signs - Answer- fatigue and become lethargic
hypoxia
hypercarbia
General airway interventions - Answer- Allow child to stay in most comfortable position
Give O2 to maintain it above 92%
O2 does NOT measure ventilation
Croup - Answer- 1-3 days of nasal congestion and fever with sudden onset of barky
cough
Treatment: dexamethasone and nebulized epi
Discharge Teaching: oral hydration, get child to cool air or steamy bathroom
Asthma interventions - Answer- albuterol, duo neb and oral steroid
Bronchiolitis/RSV - Answer- Assessment: 1-3 days nasal congestion fever, cough,
respiratory distress with wheezing and crackles. Dehydration and tachypnea
interventions: nasla suctioning, fluids
sever: heated, high flow nasal cannula O2
Discharge: lasts 2-3 weeks; nasal suctioning; monitor hydration
treating hypoglycemia - Answer- obtain glucose for anyone who is not awake and alert
treat kids with 2-4ml/kg of D25W
When to perform blood glucose test? - Answer- When the child is not awake and alert or
AMS is suspected
Preventing Secondary brain injury in TBI - Answer- prevent hypotension and hypoxia
cuffed vs uncuffed tube - Answer- uncuffed= (age in years/4) + 4
cuffed= (age in years/4) + 3.5
fluid bolus formula - Answer- infant: 10ml/kg
