AIR POLLUTION CONTROL DEVICES AND METHODS WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS|GUARANTEED SUCCESS

3 Forms of Air Pollutants 1. Gaseous 2. Solids 3. Condensable particulate matter Condensable particulate captured by Stack tests Particulate sizing Classifying and regulating particles by size. TSP (Total suspended particulate) All sizes of PM but are not regulated in most states as an ambient pollutants but through federal regulation Factors in Control Equipment Selection 1. Environmental factors 2. Emission Standards 3. Engineering 4. Economic Settling Chamber Gravity used to remove particulates Cyclones 5 steps 1. Dirty Air Enters Side 2. Rotated 3. Velocity Reduced 4. Dust Falls 5. Cleaner Gas Leaves Cyclones Advantages (5) 1. Low Cost Construction 2. Simple Operation 3. Few Maintenance Issues 4. Dry Collection and Disposal 5. Relatively Small Space Requirements Cyclones Disadvantages (2) 1. Low Overall Control Efficiencies 2. Inability to Handle Tacky Materials Fabric Filters/Baghouses Same concept as a vacuum cleaner, push or pull air through Fabric Filters/Baghouses Advantages (5) 1. Extremely High Collection Efficiencies 2. Outlet Air Could Be Vented Indoors 3. Dry Collection and Disposal/Reuse 4. Simple Operation 5. Available in Many Configurations Fabric Filters/Baghouses Disadvantages (3) 1. High Temperature Considerations 2. High Maintenance Costs 3. Condensation Leads to Blinding Issues Electrostatic Precipitators Use of Electric Charge to Collect Particles Electrostatic Precipitators Advantages (5) 1. Extremely High Collection 2. Dry Collection and Disposal 3. Continuous Operation 4. Low Operational Costs 5. Large Gas Flows Electrostatic Precipitators Disadvantages (5) 1. High Capital Costs 2. Sensitive to Fluctuating Gas Streams 3. Large Space Requirements 4. High Voltage Considerations 5. Sophisticated Maintenance Personnel Required Scrubbers Pollutant Steam Contacts Liquid and is used for gas and solid control Wet Scrubbers Advantages (2) 1. May Control Both Particles and Gases No Secondary dust Sources for wet scrubbers 2. High Collection Efficiencies Wet Scrubbers Disadvantages (3) 1. Liquid Disposal Issues for wet scrubbers 2. Collected Material is Wet 3. High Maintenance Costs Dry Scrubbers or injection Advantages (2) 1. Low capital costs 2. High Control efficiencies (70%+ for injections up to 95% for semi-dry scrubbers) Dry Scrubbers or injection Disadvantages (3) 1. Scrubbing material needs to be collected. Necessitates good particulate matter control 2. Increases solids collection 3. Must receive and handle/process scrubbing material Adsorption Gases Pass Across Carbon Bed and Adhere Ambient Air Quality Required to demonstrate when constructing new (or for existing sources) that Federal Standards are met. PSD/NSR 2 goals 1. Keep areas that have "clean air" clean 2. Require the installation of control technologies to limit large emission increases Fracing A process for removing gas and oil from rock formations