Module 6 Statistics (A+ GRADED 100% VERIFIED)

Module 6 Statistics (A+ GRADED 100% VERIFIED) Regression analysis CORRRECT ANSWER: A statistical analysis tool that quantifies the relationship between a response a response variable and one or more explanatory variable. simple linear regression CORRRECT ANSWER: A prediction of one response variable's value for one or more explanatory variable' value when there is a linear relationship between two variables. regression line CORRRECT ANSWER: The line of best fit to show the relationship between variables, the one that minimizes distance from each data point to the line. lurking variable CORRRECT ANSWER: A variable that is not included in an analysis but is related to two (or more) other associated variable which was analyzed regression equation CORRRECT ANSWER: An equation used to model the relationship between the response and explanatory variables in a regression. Control group CORRRECT ANSWER: In an experimental study, this group does not receive treatment or receives a placebo correlation CORRRECT ANSWER: An observed relationship between two quantitative variables. While this is most common a linear relationship, it does not need to be. Note that a observing degree CORRRECT ANSWER: The largest exponent in a mathematical expression or equation least squares CORRRECT ANSWER: The technique for finding the regression line. correlation coefficient CORRRECT ANSWER: A measure of a linear relationship between to attributes. The numerical value demonstrates how closely the attributes vary together. Correlation coefficients near -1 and +1 a strong linear correlation while a correlation coefficient near 0 has a weak (or no) linear correlation. experimental study CORRRECT ANSWER: The researcher applies a treatment to one group and no treatment (or placebo) to a control group, to determine if there is causation between variables. coordinate plane CORRRECT ANSWER: A tool for graphing consisting of a horizontal x-axis and a vertical y x-axis Simpson paradox CORRRECT ANSWER: A counterintuitive in which a trend in different groups of data disappears or reverses when the groups are combined. positive correlation CORRRECT ANSWER: a linear relationship between quantitative variables in which the dependent variable increases as the independent variable increases negative correlation CORRRECT ANSWER: A linear relationship between quantitative variables in which the dependent variable increases as the independent variable decreases. linear interpolation CORRRECT ANSWER: Estimation using the linear regression equation is between known data points. linear extrapolation CORRRECT ANSWER: Estimation using the linear regression equation is made outside know data points. slope-intercept form CORRRECT ANSWER: A common format for the equation of a line: y=mx + b, where m is the slope and b is the y-intercept extrapolate CORRRECT ANSWER: Using information for a data set to make predictions about data outside the original set. observational study CORRRECT ANSWER: The researcher observes if there is an association between variables. There is no treatment or control group. population CORRRECT ANSWER: An entire pool from which a sample is drawn causation CORRRECT ANSWER: A relationship between cause and effect between two or more variables. statistically significant CORRRECT ANSWER: The presumption that a given result or relationship is caused by more than just random chance scatterplot CORRRECT ANSWER: A graph that uses dots on a coordinate plane to show the relationship between variables. association CORRRECT ANSWER: A pattern or relationship between two variables Significant difference CORRRECT ANSWER: A measurable difference between two groups or samples that reflects a real difference, rather the difference being by chance. Hypothesis test CORRRECT ANSWER: A statistical test that tells us whether a result is significant. p-value CORRRECT ANSWER: The probability that the result was caused by chance significant level CORRRECT ANSWER: The p-value cutoff for statistical significance. Any p-value below the set significant level is considered statistical significant. casual relationship CORRRECT ANSWER: A relationship between two variables that can be classified as cause-and-effect. degrees of freedom CORRRECT ANSWER: A number whose value is one less than the sample size, when conducting the hypothesis test.