COTC Nursing 201 Module 3 Cardiac Exam Guide

Circulation/Perfusion Blood flow to al of the tissues of the body Cardiac Concepts Circulation/Perfusion Oxygenation Cardiac Concepts Circulation/Perfusion Oxygenation Oxygenation O2 carried by red blood cells within the vascular system to be delivered to the cells within the body tissues. Quality of blood amount of O2 and nutrients in blood Quantity of blood amount of blood that is able to reach the tissues Cardiac Preload The stretching of muscle fibers in the cardiac ventricles Cardiac Contractility the myocardium's ability to stretch and contract in response to the filling of the heart with blood Cardiac Afterload Pressure that the heart is pushing against; arterial pressure that the left ventricle must overcome to eject blood Contractility of the heart characterized by the force and velocity of contraction; it's often expressed as the ejection fraction Ejection Fraction left ventricular stroke volume/end-diastolic volume resistance the force the heart muscle must counteract; related to afterload Afterload determined by ventricular pressure blood volume in the chamber wall thickness at the time of the aortic valve opening Heart failure pathophysiology Pump failure The heart can't pump enough to meet metabolic demands Types of heart failure left sided right sided high output Left sided heart failure Most Common type formally known as CHF Typically migrates to the right side of the heart but not always. L side of the heart not pumping adaquately 2 types of Left sided heart failure systolic diastolic Systolic heart failure- Left Failing of the heart on the squeeze so it doesn't push enough blood through; left ventricle specifically Diastolic Heart failure-Left Failure of the heart to relax so it doesn't fill enough Typical causes of Left sided Heart failure HTN CAD Valvular disease hx of MI