Test Bank for Financial Accounting, 7th Canadian Edition

1. The knowledge and skills of developmental psychologists might be relevant for the legal system in which one of these cases? A) When studying the dynamics of jury deliberation. B) When assessing a mentally ill defendant for potential risk of violence. C) When deciding whether the eyewitness is able to remember the scene of crime. D) When evaluating the state of mind of a teenager who brought guns to school. 2. The knowledge and skills of clinical psychologists might be relevant for the legal system in which one of these cases? A) When selecting jurors potentially sympathetic to the defendant. B) When assessing a mentally ill defendant for potential risk of violence. C) When deciding whether the eyewitness is able to remember the scene of crime. D) When evaluating the state of mind of a teenager who brought guns to school. 3. The knowledge and skills of social psychologists might be relevant for the legal system in which one of these cases? A) When studying the dynamics of jury deliberation. B) When assessing a mentally ill defendant for potential risk of violence. C) When deciding whether the eyewitness is able to remember the scene of crime. D) When evaluating which custody arrangement will most benefit the child's development. 4. Brandeis's brief in Muller v Oregon (1908) was a milestone in the development of the psychology and law union because it: A) relied on expert testimony from professional psychologists. B) expanded graduate training for psychologists. C) mandated the use of research training for judges. D) opened the door for U.S. courts to use social scientific evidence. 5. The approach treats laws as a tool that needs to be regularly reexamined and adjusted, whereas treats laws as evolved to reflect the principles found in nature. A) legal objectivism; environmental law B) environmental law; legal objectivism C) legal realism; “natural law”. D) “natural law”; legal realism Page 3 6. Legal realists: A) thought judicial decisions reflected principles found in nature. B) felt judges used careful logic to arrive at a single correct decision in a particular case. C) believed judges constructed the law through their interpretations of evidence and precedent. D) showed little interest in applying social science research to the legal system. 7. During the trial, each side is trying to win the case. However, the goal of the legal system overall is to: A) achieve justice. B) achieve peace. C) obtain compensation for all parties. D) not be hampered by fairness. 8. can be described as an effort to figure out how the world works, whereas provides a system for meting out just desserts. A) Law; science B) Science; legislature C) Legislature; law D) Science; law 9. The primary goal of psychological science is to: A) provide guidelines for behavior. B) regulate human behavior. C) demonstrate how punishment works. D) provide accurate explanations of human behavior. 10. According to the text, the goal of psychology is to , whereas the goal of the legal system is to . A) emphasize the characteristics of groups; emphasize individual cases B) emphasize individual cases; emphasize the characteristics of groups C) apply abstract principles; understand the general nature of humans D) develop legal protocol; generalize details of a case Page 4 11. Precedents can best be described as: A) legal cases that have established a rule that are then used to decide future cases with similar issues. B) past decisions dictating all future cases, regardless of the “goodness-of-fit.” C) reviews of facts in a case that occurred in a similar jurisdiction. D) rulings on the matters that were raised by the same parties that are participating as plaintiff and defendant in the current case. 12. The basis of the adversarial system in law is that: A) the prosecution depends on the adverse nature of the case. B) truth will emerge as a result of contest between opposing sides. C) the defense depends on eyewitness testimony only. D) the truth always prevails. 13. Differences in goals, methods, and styles of inquiry made the relationship between psychology and law: A) natural and harmonious. B) difficult but important. C) impossible to forge. D) successful in every way. 14. Sylvester is hired by the defense to help select jurors who would be less likely to convict. This is an example of the following role played by psychologists in the legal system: A) advisor B) evaluator C) reformer D) clinician 15. Trial consultants may be hired to perform the following duties: A) preparing witnesses and shaping trial strategy. B) citing law and writing abbreviated briefs. C) performing psychological evaluations and risk assessment D) conducting research and advocating for reform