Detailed Answer Key NUR 101 Final Exam Practice Assessment Graded A 2023

1. A nurse is caring for a 12-month-old toddler who is hospitalized and confined to a room with contact precautions in place. Which of the following toys should the nurse recommend in order to meet the developmental needs of the client? A. Large building blocks Rationale: Large building blocks are age-appropriate toys for a 12-month-old toddler. B. Hanging crib toys Rationale: A crib gym is not an age-appropriate toy for a 12-month-old toddler. The ability to stand places the toddler at risk of strangling from the strings of the toys. C. Modeling clay Rationale: Modeling clay is not an age-appropriate toy for a 12-month-old toddler due to the risk of the child ingesting it. D. Crayons and a coloring book Rationale: Crayons and a coloring book are not age-appropriate toys for a 12-month-old client. 2. A nurse is caring for an 18-month-old toddler who has been hospitalized for 10 days. After the toddler's mother leaves the room, the nurse observes the toddler sitting quietly in the corner of the crib, sucking her thumb. When the nurse approaches the crib, the toddler turns away from the nurse. The nurse should understand that these behaviors indicate which of the following developmental reactions? A. An anxiety reaction Rationale: Hospitalization is stressful, regardless of the age of the client. However, for an 18-month-old toddler, separation from parents adds to that stress. The toddler's behavior indicates an anxiety reaction to the stress of hospitalization. Separation anxiety initially causes demonstrations of protest. Remaining sad and quiet when a parent leaves indicates the second response to separation anxiety, which is despair. B. Regression Rationale: The toddler's behavior is age-appropriate. C. Resentment toward the mother Rationale: This reaction is not age-appropriate. D. Developing autonomy Rationale: An 18-month-old toddler might be beginning to develop autonomy. However, remaining sad and quiet without protesting when a parent leaves is an unusual behavior for a toddler and is not related to developing autonomy. 3. A nurse is assessing the psychosocial development of a toddler. The nurse should recognize that this stage is characterized by which of the following? A. Imaginary playmates Rationale: At 4 to 5 years of age, children have imaginary playmates. B. Erikson's stage of initiative versus guilt Rationale: The stage of initiative versus guilt is typical of the preschool-age child. C. Demonstrations of sexual curiosity Rationale: Sexual curiosity is typical of the preschool-age child. D. Negative behaviors characterized by the need for autonomy Rationale: Assertion of autonomy is seen in toddlers as they begin their language and social development. 4. A nurse has accepted a position on a pediatric unit and is learning about psychosocial development. Place Erikson's stages of psychosocial development in order from birth to adolescence. (Move the steps into the box on the right, placing them in the selected order of performance. Use all the steps.) E. Trust vs. mistrust A. Autonomy vs. shame and doubt D. Initiative vs. guilt B. Industry vs. inferiority C. Identity vs. role confusion 5. A nurse is collecting data from a child who is descending stairs by placing both feet on each step and holding on to the railing. The nurse should understand that these actions are developmentally appropriate at which of the following ages? A. 3 years Rationale: At age 3, children can typically ascend stairs using alternating feet but still descend by placing both feet on each step. B. 4 years Rationale: By age 4, children can descend stairs using alternating feet and holding the railing. C. 5 years Rationale: By age 5, children's balance improves but they continue hold the railing when ascending and descending stairs.