WGU Pathophysiology Study Guide: D236
Pathophysiology EXAM QUESTIONS
3.A client has +3 pitting edema on the feet and ascites. Which is the
most important laboratory value to be monitored by the nurse given
this condition?
Hemoglobin level
Feedback: This is incorrect. The client’s hemoglobin might have to be checked.
However, it is not the primary nursing intervention in the given situation. A very low
hemoglobin level can cause swelling in the arms and legs.
Serum albumin level XXXX
Red blood cell count
White blood cell count
A client has increased serum phosphorus levels. Which condition
related to hyperphosphatemia would the nurse expect to find in the
client?
Hyperkalemia
Hypernatremia
Hypocalcemia XXXX
Hypomagnesaemia
Feedback: This is incorrect. Low serum magnesium levels, or hypomagnesemia, are
not associated with increased serum phosphorus levels.
8.The nurse is providing care for a client with an undiagnosed illness.
Calculations of the anion gap indicate an elevation, and the client is
identified as being positive for metabolic acidosis. Which question does
the nurse ask the client?
“Do you medicate for any stomach issues?”
Feedback: This is incorrect. Medicating with antacids is possible with stomach issues.
Increased or prolonged use of antacids would create an alkalosis condition.
“Do you have a history of cardiac problems?”
“Are you taking regular doses of aspirin?” XXXX
“Have you noticed any respiratory distress?”
Which is the compound that donates hydrogen ions in a solution?
Acid XXXX
Base
Buffer
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, Oxygen
Feedback: This is incorrect. Oxygen is not a compound.
The nurse is analyzing an arterial blood gas report of a client with
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, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and respiratory acidosis. Which
compensation mechanism is likely to occur?
The lungs will excrete carbon dioxide.
The lungs will retain carbon dioxide.
The kidneys will retain bicarbonate. XXXX
The kidneys will excrete bicarbonate.
Feedback: This is incorrect. Excretion of bicarbonate causes acidosis.
The nurse is providing care for a client being treated for diabetic
ketoacidosis. Assessment reveals the presence of tremors, muscle
spasms, a positive Babinski’s sign, and cardiac arrhythmias. Which
condition does the nurse recognize?
Hypomagnesemia XXXX
Hypercalcemia
Hypophosphatemia
Hyperkalemia
Feedback: This is incorrect. The client’s manifestations do not indicate hyperkalemia.
Which is an acidic pH of blood?
7.40
Feedback: This is incorrect. A blood pH value between 7.35 and 7.45 is considered
normal. Therefore, 7.40 is a normal pH.
6.00 XXXX
8.35
8.00
Changes in levels of which electrolyte can reduce the body’s response
to cardiac drugs?
Sodium
Feedback: This is incorrect. Changes in the serum sodium levels do not interfere with
the body’s responsiveness to cardiac drugs.
Potassium
Calcium XXXX
Magnesium
Which information is interpreted from arterial blood gas values?
Presence of acidosis and alkalosis
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, Feedback: This is correct. Acidosis and alkalosis of the bloodstream can be determined
using arterial blood gas value. If the pH is lower than 7.35, the bloodstream is acidic. If
the pH is greater than 7.45, the bloodstream is basic.
Disorders of the lungs XXXX
Presence of bacterial infections
Conditions related to starvation
The nurse is reviewing the laboratory results for a client, which are
blood pH 7.36, PCO₂ 48 mm Hg, PO₂ 96 mm Hg, HCO₃ 24 mEq/L, and
SaO₂ 98% on room air. Which condition does the nurse recognize based
on the displayed values?
Hypercapnia XXXX
Respiratory acidosis
Metabolic alkalosis
Feedback: This is incorrect. Metabolic alkalosis would be indicated by a high pH level
and a low HCO₃; both are within normal limits.
Hypoxia
A client has hypertension and elevated serum calcium concentration.
Which condition is likely to occur in the client?
Osteomalacia
Osteopenia XXXX
Platelet dysfunction
Ventricular fibrillation
Feedback: This is incorrect. Ventricular fibrillation is an indication of the presence of
hypocalcemia.
A client who is unconscious due to drug toxicity is brought to the
emergency room. The client’s vital signs include a body temperature of
97.8°F, pulse rate of 90 beats/minute, respiratory rate of 12
breaths/minute, and blood pressure of 100/70 mm Hg. The arterial
blood gas (ABG) values of the client are also documented as shown.
• Blood pH 7.29
• Partial pressure of carbon dioxide 32 mm Hg
• Partial pressure of oxygen 95 mm Hg
• Bicarbonate concentration 17 mEq/L
• Oxygen saturation 98%
Which condition does the ABGs indicate the client has developed?
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https://www.coursehero.com/file/167132241/Patho-practice-questionsdocx/
Pathophysiology EXAM QUESTIONS
3.A client has +3 pitting edema on the feet and ascites. Which is the
most important laboratory value to be monitored by the nurse given
this condition?
Hemoglobin level
Feedback: This is incorrect. The client’s hemoglobin might have to be checked.
However, it is not the primary nursing intervention in the given situation. A very low
hemoglobin level can cause swelling in the arms and legs.
Serum albumin level XXXX
Red blood cell count
White blood cell count
A client has increased serum phosphorus levels. Which condition
related to hyperphosphatemia would the nurse expect to find in the
client?
Hyperkalemia
Hypernatremia
Hypocalcemia XXXX
Hypomagnesaemia
Feedback: This is incorrect. Low serum magnesium levels, or hypomagnesemia, are
not associated with increased serum phosphorus levels.
8.The nurse is providing care for a client with an undiagnosed illness.
Calculations of the anion gap indicate an elevation, and the client is
identified as being positive for metabolic acidosis. Which question does
the nurse ask the client?
“Do you medicate for any stomach issues?”
Feedback: This is incorrect. Medicating with antacids is possible with stomach issues.
Increased or prolonged use of antacids would create an alkalosis condition.
“Do you have a history of cardiac problems?”
“Are you taking regular doses of aspirin?” XXXX
“Have you noticed any respiratory distress?”
Which is the compound that donates hydrogen ions in a solution?
Acid XXXX
Base
Buffer
This study source was downloaded by 100000825611411 from CourseHero.com on 10-14-2022 10:40:02 GMT -05:00
https://www.coursehero.com/file/167132241/Patho-practice-questionsdocx/
, Oxygen
Feedback: This is incorrect. Oxygen is not a compound.
The nurse is analyzing an arterial blood gas report of a client with
This study source was downloaded by 100000825611411 from CourseHero.com on 10-14-2022 10:40:02 GMT -05:00
https://www.coursehero.com/file/167132241/Patho-practice-questionsdocx/
, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and respiratory acidosis. Which
compensation mechanism is likely to occur?
The lungs will excrete carbon dioxide.
The lungs will retain carbon dioxide.
The kidneys will retain bicarbonate. XXXX
The kidneys will excrete bicarbonate.
Feedback: This is incorrect. Excretion of bicarbonate causes acidosis.
The nurse is providing care for a client being treated for diabetic
ketoacidosis. Assessment reveals the presence of tremors, muscle
spasms, a positive Babinski’s sign, and cardiac arrhythmias. Which
condition does the nurse recognize?
Hypomagnesemia XXXX
Hypercalcemia
Hypophosphatemia
Hyperkalemia
Feedback: This is incorrect. The client’s manifestations do not indicate hyperkalemia.
Which is an acidic pH of blood?
7.40
Feedback: This is incorrect. A blood pH value between 7.35 and 7.45 is considered
normal. Therefore, 7.40 is a normal pH.
6.00 XXXX
8.35
8.00
Changes in levels of which electrolyte can reduce the body’s response
to cardiac drugs?
Sodium
Feedback: This is incorrect. Changes in the serum sodium levels do not interfere with
the body’s responsiveness to cardiac drugs.
Potassium
Calcium XXXX
Magnesium
Which information is interpreted from arterial blood gas values?
Presence of acidosis and alkalosis
This study source was downloaded by 100000825611411 from CourseHero.com on 10-14-2022 10:40:02 GMT -05:00
https://www.coursehero.com/file/167132241/Patho-practice-questionsdocx/
, Feedback: This is correct. Acidosis and alkalosis of the bloodstream can be determined
using arterial blood gas value. If the pH is lower than 7.35, the bloodstream is acidic. If
the pH is greater than 7.45, the bloodstream is basic.
Disorders of the lungs XXXX
Presence of bacterial infections
Conditions related to starvation
The nurse is reviewing the laboratory results for a client, which are
blood pH 7.36, PCO₂ 48 mm Hg, PO₂ 96 mm Hg, HCO₃ 24 mEq/L, and
SaO₂ 98% on room air. Which condition does the nurse recognize based
on the displayed values?
Hypercapnia XXXX
Respiratory acidosis
Metabolic alkalosis
Feedback: This is incorrect. Metabolic alkalosis would be indicated by a high pH level
and a low HCO₃; both are within normal limits.
Hypoxia
A client has hypertension and elevated serum calcium concentration.
Which condition is likely to occur in the client?
Osteomalacia
Osteopenia XXXX
Platelet dysfunction
Ventricular fibrillation
Feedback: This is incorrect. Ventricular fibrillation is an indication of the presence of
hypocalcemia.
A client who is unconscious due to drug toxicity is brought to the
emergency room. The client’s vital signs include a body temperature of
97.8°F, pulse rate of 90 beats/minute, respiratory rate of 12
breaths/minute, and blood pressure of 100/70 mm Hg. The arterial
blood gas (ABG) values of the client are also documented as shown.
• Blood pH 7.29
• Partial pressure of carbon dioxide 32 mm Hg
• Partial pressure of oxygen 95 mm Hg
• Bicarbonate concentration 17 mEq/L
• Oxygen saturation 98%
Which condition does the ABGs indicate the client has developed?
This study source was downloaded by 100000825611411 from CourseHero.com on 10-14-2022 10:40:02 GMT -05:00
https://www.coursehero.com/file/167132241/Patho-practice-questionsdocx/
