Portage Pathophysiology Module 1 to 10 Exam Questions and
Verified Answers, 100% Guarantee Pass
Question 1
True/False:
Hypertrophy can occur under normal and pathological conditions.
Correct Answer
true
Question 2
Define tertiary prevention and give an example:
Correct Answer
Tertiary prevention occurs after a disease has been diagnosed and clinical
intervention is needed to reduce complications or deterioration. One example is the
use of certain medications one must take after a heart attack to help reduce the risk
of a future event or death.
Question 3
What term means "cell eating" and engulfs and then kills microorganisms or other
particulate matter?
Correct Answer
phagocytosis
Question 4
True/False:
Barrett esophagus is an example of dysplasia.
Correct Answer
false (Barrett's esophagus is METAplasia)
Page 1 of 6
,Question 5
High blood pressure is an example of which of the following?
Correct Answer
Pathophysiology (Pathophysiology is the study of disease, high blood pressure is an
example of a disease)
Question 6
What is the term to describe when cells use energy to move ions against an electrical
or chemical gradient?
Correct Answer
active transport
Question 7
What are important factors when deciding upon a diagnosis? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer
age, race, gender, lifestyle
Question 8
Which of the following are true of the cell? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer
Proteins carry out the functions of the cell membrane
Lysosomes are the digestive system of the cell
Microfilaments are thin, threadlike cytoplasmic structures
Question 9
Explain apoptosis and why it is necessary:
Correct Answer
Apoptosis is programmed cell death. This process eliminates cells that are worn out,
have been produced in excess, have developed improperly, or have genetic
damage. Apoptosis is also responsible for several normal physiologic processes, like
replacing cell in the intestinal villi and removing aging red blood cells.
Page 2 of 6
,Question 10
Which are false of the mitochondria? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer
They are found far from the site of energy consumption
They control free radicals
Question 11
Explain what necrosis is and give an example and description of one type of necrosis.
Correct Answer
Necrosis refers to cell death in an organ or tissues that is still part of a living person.
It often interferes with cell replacement and tissue regeneration. Coagulative
necrosis results most often from a sudden cutoff of blood supply to an organ
(ischemia), particularly the heart and kidney. Liquefactive necrosis occurs when
some of the cells die but their catalytic enzymes are not destroyed. It is commonly
seen with brain infarcts or abscesses. Caseous necrosis occurs as part of
granulomatous inflammation and is most often associated with tuberculosis.
Gangrenous necrosis most often affects the lower extremities or bowel and is
secondary to vascular occlusion. The term gangrene is applied when a considerable
mass of tissue undergoes necrosis. In dry gangrene the affected tissue becomes dry
and shrinks, the skin wrinkles, and its color changes to dark brown or black. The
spread of dry gangrene is slow. It results from a cut off in arterial blood supply and
is a form of coagulation necrosis. In wet gangrene, the affected area is cold, swollen,
and pulseless. The skin is moist, black, and under tension. Blebs form on the surface,
liquefaction occurs, and a foul odor is caused by bacterial action. The spread of
tissue damage is rapid.
Question 12
Which are true of the mitochondria? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer
It is involved in cellular respiration
They play a role in apoptosis
Page 3 of 6
, Question 13
Which of the following is NOT helpful to the clinician to make a diagnosis?
Correct Answer
evidence-based practice
(this is a stupid answer but just go with it... the other options were detailed history,
physical exam, and lab tests)
Question 14
Match definitions for: sensitivity, reliability, validity, specificity
Correct Answer
Sensitivity: proportion of people WITH a disease that test positive for the disease
Reliability: likelihood of getting same result with repeat testing
Validity: HOW a tool measures what it is intended to measure
Specificity: people WITHOUT a disease who test negative for the disease
Question 15
True/False:
Persistent metaplasia can lead to dysplasia.
Correct Answer
true
Question 16
True/False:
Persistent dysplasia eventually results in cancer.
Correct Answer
true
Page 4 of 6
Verified Answers, 100% Guarantee Pass
Question 1
True/False:
Hypertrophy can occur under normal and pathological conditions.
Correct Answer
true
Question 2
Define tertiary prevention and give an example:
Correct Answer
Tertiary prevention occurs after a disease has been diagnosed and clinical
intervention is needed to reduce complications or deterioration. One example is the
use of certain medications one must take after a heart attack to help reduce the risk
of a future event or death.
Question 3
What term means "cell eating" and engulfs and then kills microorganisms or other
particulate matter?
Correct Answer
phagocytosis
Question 4
True/False:
Barrett esophagus is an example of dysplasia.
Correct Answer
false (Barrett's esophagus is METAplasia)
Page 1 of 6
,Question 5
High blood pressure is an example of which of the following?
Correct Answer
Pathophysiology (Pathophysiology is the study of disease, high blood pressure is an
example of a disease)
Question 6
What is the term to describe when cells use energy to move ions against an electrical
or chemical gradient?
Correct Answer
active transport
Question 7
What are important factors when deciding upon a diagnosis? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer
age, race, gender, lifestyle
Question 8
Which of the following are true of the cell? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer
Proteins carry out the functions of the cell membrane
Lysosomes are the digestive system of the cell
Microfilaments are thin, threadlike cytoplasmic structures
Question 9
Explain apoptosis and why it is necessary:
Correct Answer
Apoptosis is programmed cell death. This process eliminates cells that are worn out,
have been produced in excess, have developed improperly, or have genetic
damage. Apoptosis is also responsible for several normal physiologic processes, like
replacing cell in the intestinal villi and removing aging red blood cells.
Page 2 of 6
,Question 10
Which are false of the mitochondria? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer
They are found far from the site of energy consumption
They control free radicals
Question 11
Explain what necrosis is and give an example and description of one type of necrosis.
Correct Answer
Necrosis refers to cell death in an organ or tissues that is still part of a living person.
It often interferes with cell replacement and tissue regeneration. Coagulative
necrosis results most often from a sudden cutoff of blood supply to an organ
(ischemia), particularly the heart and kidney. Liquefactive necrosis occurs when
some of the cells die but their catalytic enzymes are not destroyed. It is commonly
seen with brain infarcts or abscesses. Caseous necrosis occurs as part of
granulomatous inflammation and is most often associated with tuberculosis.
Gangrenous necrosis most often affects the lower extremities or bowel and is
secondary to vascular occlusion. The term gangrene is applied when a considerable
mass of tissue undergoes necrosis. In dry gangrene the affected tissue becomes dry
and shrinks, the skin wrinkles, and its color changes to dark brown or black. The
spread of dry gangrene is slow. It results from a cut off in arterial blood supply and
is a form of coagulation necrosis. In wet gangrene, the affected area is cold, swollen,
and pulseless. The skin is moist, black, and under tension. Blebs form on the surface,
liquefaction occurs, and a foul odor is caused by bacterial action. The spread of
tissue damage is rapid.
Question 12
Which are true of the mitochondria? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer
It is involved in cellular respiration
They play a role in apoptosis
Page 3 of 6
, Question 13
Which of the following is NOT helpful to the clinician to make a diagnosis?
Correct Answer
evidence-based practice
(this is a stupid answer but just go with it... the other options were detailed history,
physical exam, and lab tests)
Question 14
Match definitions for: sensitivity, reliability, validity, specificity
Correct Answer
Sensitivity: proportion of people WITH a disease that test positive for the disease
Reliability: likelihood of getting same result with repeat testing
Validity: HOW a tool measures what it is intended to measure
Specificity: people WITHOUT a disease who test negative for the disease
Question 15
True/False:
Persistent metaplasia can lead to dysplasia.
Correct Answer
true
Question 16
True/False:
Persistent dysplasia eventually results in cancer.
Correct Answer
true
Page 4 of 6
