Pathophysiology Exam 1 Sample Questions With Complete
Solutions
A 10 year-old male is stung by a bee while playing in the yard.
He experiences a severe allergic reaction and has to go to the
ER. The nurse providing care realizes this reaction is the result
of:
a. toxoids
b. IgA
c. IgE
d. IgM Correct Answers C. IgE
A 10-year-old male is brought to the emergency room (ER)
incoherent and semiconscious. CT scan reveals that he is
suffering from cerebral edema. This type of edema is referred to
as:
a. localized edema
b. generalized edema
c. pitting edema
d. lymphedema Correct Answers A. Localized edema
A 10-year-old male is diagnoses with a parasite. Which lab
result should the nurse check for a response to the parasite?
a. Monocytes
b. Eosinophils
c. Neutrophils
d. Macrophages Correct Answers B. Eosinophils
A 10-year-old male is stung by a bee while playing in the yard.
He begins itching and develops pain, swelling, redness, and
respiratory difficulties. He is suffering from:
,a. immunodeficiency
b. autoimmunity
c. anaphylaxis
d. tissue-specific hypersensitivity Correct Answers C.
Anaphylaxis
A 15-year-old female presents to the ER following a physical
assault. She has internal damage to the neck with deep bruising.
X-ray reveals fractures of the hyoid bone and tracheal and
cricoid cartilage. Which of the following most likely caused her
injuries?
a. Chemical asphyxiation
b. Choking asphyxiation
c. Ligature strangulation
d. Manual strangulation Correct Answers D. Manual
strangulation
A 15-year-old male suffers from severe hemorrhage following a
motor vehicle accident. He is given a blood transfusion, but
shortly afterward the red blood cells are destroyed by
agglutination and lysis. Which of the following blood type
transfusion matches would cause this?
a. A-A
b. B-O
c. AB-O
d. A-AB Correct Answers D. A-AB
A 19-year-old male presents to his primary care provider
reporting restlessness, muscle cramping, and diarrhea. Lab tests
reveal that he is hyperkalemic. Which of the following could
have caused his condition?
,a. Primary hyperaldosteronism
b. Acidosis
c. Insulin secretion
d. Diuretic use Correct Answers B. Acidosis
A 2-year-old swallowed watch batteries. Following ingestion,
kidney function was impaired, and the heart began to fail. Which
of the following was the most likely cause?
a. Karyorrhexis
b. Coagulative necrosis
c. Ammonia accumulation
d. Caseous necrosis Correct Answers B. Coagulative necrosis
A 20-year-old female is applying for nursing school and is
required to be tested for immunity against several illnesses.
Testing that looks at which of the following would be the best to
determine immunity?
a. Culture and sensitivity
b. Agglutination
c. Precipitation
d. Titer Correct Answers D. Titer
A 20-year-old male presents to the emergency department with a
jagged sharp-force injury that is longer than it is deep. What
type of wound would the nurse be caring for?
a. Stab wound
b. Incised wound
c. Puncture wound
d. Chopping wound Correct Answers B. Incised wound
, A 20-year-old male received a knife wound to the arm during an
altercation. Which of the following types of immunity was
compromised?
a. Innate immunity
b. Inflammatory response
c. Adaptive immunity
d. Specific immunity Correct Answers A. Innate immunity
A 20-year-old male shoots his hand with a nail gun while
replacing roofing shingles. Which of the following cell types
would be the first to aid in killing bacteria to prevent infection in
his hand?
a. Eosinophils
b. Neutrophils
c. Leukocytes
d. Monocytes Correct Answers B. Neutrophils
A 22-year-old was recently diagnosed with acquired
immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Which decreased lab
finding would be expected to accompany this virus?
a. CD4+ T-helper
b. CD8 T-helper
c. CDC cells
d. CDC10 cells Correct Answers A. CD4+ T-helper
A 23-year-old male develops a black eye following a fight.
When the aide asks why this occurred, the nurse's best response
is that the bruising is due to an accumulation of:
a. transferrin
b. bilirubin
c. albumin
Solutions
A 10 year-old male is stung by a bee while playing in the yard.
He experiences a severe allergic reaction and has to go to the
ER. The nurse providing care realizes this reaction is the result
of:
a. toxoids
b. IgA
c. IgE
d. IgM Correct Answers C. IgE
A 10-year-old male is brought to the emergency room (ER)
incoherent and semiconscious. CT scan reveals that he is
suffering from cerebral edema. This type of edema is referred to
as:
a. localized edema
b. generalized edema
c. pitting edema
d. lymphedema Correct Answers A. Localized edema
A 10-year-old male is diagnoses with a parasite. Which lab
result should the nurse check for a response to the parasite?
a. Monocytes
b. Eosinophils
c. Neutrophils
d. Macrophages Correct Answers B. Eosinophils
A 10-year-old male is stung by a bee while playing in the yard.
He begins itching and develops pain, swelling, redness, and
respiratory difficulties. He is suffering from:
,a. immunodeficiency
b. autoimmunity
c. anaphylaxis
d. tissue-specific hypersensitivity Correct Answers C.
Anaphylaxis
A 15-year-old female presents to the ER following a physical
assault. She has internal damage to the neck with deep bruising.
X-ray reveals fractures of the hyoid bone and tracheal and
cricoid cartilage. Which of the following most likely caused her
injuries?
a. Chemical asphyxiation
b. Choking asphyxiation
c. Ligature strangulation
d. Manual strangulation Correct Answers D. Manual
strangulation
A 15-year-old male suffers from severe hemorrhage following a
motor vehicle accident. He is given a blood transfusion, but
shortly afterward the red blood cells are destroyed by
agglutination and lysis. Which of the following blood type
transfusion matches would cause this?
a. A-A
b. B-O
c. AB-O
d. A-AB Correct Answers D. A-AB
A 19-year-old male presents to his primary care provider
reporting restlessness, muscle cramping, and diarrhea. Lab tests
reveal that he is hyperkalemic. Which of the following could
have caused his condition?
,a. Primary hyperaldosteronism
b. Acidosis
c. Insulin secretion
d. Diuretic use Correct Answers B. Acidosis
A 2-year-old swallowed watch batteries. Following ingestion,
kidney function was impaired, and the heart began to fail. Which
of the following was the most likely cause?
a. Karyorrhexis
b. Coagulative necrosis
c. Ammonia accumulation
d. Caseous necrosis Correct Answers B. Coagulative necrosis
A 20-year-old female is applying for nursing school and is
required to be tested for immunity against several illnesses.
Testing that looks at which of the following would be the best to
determine immunity?
a. Culture and sensitivity
b. Agglutination
c. Precipitation
d. Titer Correct Answers D. Titer
A 20-year-old male presents to the emergency department with a
jagged sharp-force injury that is longer than it is deep. What
type of wound would the nurse be caring for?
a. Stab wound
b. Incised wound
c. Puncture wound
d. Chopping wound Correct Answers B. Incised wound
, A 20-year-old male received a knife wound to the arm during an
altercation. Which of the following types of immunity was
compromised?
a. Innate immunity
b. Inflammatory response
c. Adaptive immunity
d. Specific immunity Correct Answers A. Innate immunity
A 20-year-old male shoots his hand with a nail gun while
replacing roofing shingles. Which of the following cell types
would be the first to aid in killing bacteria to prevent infection in
his hand?
a. Eosinophils
b. Neutrophils
c. Leukocytes
d. Monocytes Correct Answers B. Neutrophils
A 22-year-old was recently diagnosed with acquired
immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Which decreased lab
finding would be expected to accompany this virus?
a. CD4+ T-helper
b. CD8 T-helper
c. CDC cells
d. CDC10 cells Correct Answers A. CD4+ T-helper
A 23-year-old male develops a black eye following a fight.
When the aide asks why this occurred, the nurse's best response
is that the bruising is due to an accumulation of:
a. transferrin
b. bilirubin
c. albumin
