BIO 110 - Exam 2 Questions with
Correct Answers
DNA is a macromolecule made up of repeating ____________ . -
ANSWERSnucelotides
Which nitrogenous base is not contained within DNA? - ANSWERSuracil
In a DNA double helix, adenine pairs with ______ and guanine pairs with ______. -
ANSWERSthymine; cytosine
If one strand of a DNA double helix has the sequence GTCCAT, what is the sequence
of the other strand? - ANSWERSCAGGTA
X-rays and ultraviolet rays from the sun can result in - ANSWERSmutations
Avoiding sunburns, smoking, and radiation can help prevent _________ which can lead
to _____________ . - ANSWERSmutations; cancer
What is recombinant DNA? - ANSWERSDNA that carries genes from different
organisms
What process describes the development of corn from the ancestral variety to the
modern variety pictured here? - ANSWERSgenetic engineering
Which of the following are examples of how biotechnology has impacted modern food? -
ANSWERSthe gene coding for a pesticide was added to potatos, potatos now produce
their own insect killing chemicals; a species of fish called the Atlantic salmon has had a
growth hormone gene from another species added to it's genome, the modified Atlantic
salmon now grows year round allowing it to reach market size in 18 months instead of 3
years; golden rice has been produced by the addition of genes from daffodils and
bacteria, the new rice has 25 times more vitamin A than the original variety.
Gel electrophoresis seperates DNA fragments on the basis of differences in their
______. - ANSWERSlength
Ethical dilemmas raised by DNA technology and knowledge of the human genome
include ______. - ANSWERSthe potential for interfering in evolution, the safety of GM
foods, the potential discrimination against people predisposed to certain diseases, the
appropriateness of creating new plants, animals, and microorganisms
, Nuclear transplantation involves replacing nuclei of egg cells with nuclei from a
differentiated (or adult) cell, this has been used to _____________ . - ANSWERSclone
animals
Cells that have the ability to develop into any type of cell in the body are called
___________ . - ANSWERSstem cells
Electrophoresis is used to _____. - ANSWERSseparate fragments of DNA
The sequence of bases in a DNA molecule that carries the information necessary for
producing a functional produce is called a(n) _____________ . - ANSWERSgene
During transcription, at the point where the DNA strand being copied has an adenine,
_______________ is added to the mRNA. - ANSWERSa uracil
Which of the following is NOT true about the discovery of DNA structure by Watson and
Crick? - ANSWERSfrom the structure of DNA, it was clear how genes encoded
information for proteins.
Which of the following statements about the metabolism of ethanol (in alcoholic
beverages) is TRUE? - ANSWERSthe process requires two enzymes, which enable the
conversion of alcohol to harmless molecules; a mutation in a single base pair can inhibit
a person's ability to metabolize ethanol; aspirin interferes with the action of alcohol
dehydrogenases; individuals who do NOT produce non-functioning aldehyde
dehydrogenase exhibit normal metabolism of alcohol
Which of the following causes of mutations is incorrectly matched with its mechanism of
action? - ANSWERSspontaneous mutations: enzymes cause errors due to their highly
erroneous nature
Transcription and translation can best be explained through which analogy? -
ANSWERStranscription is the copying of a recipe from a cookbook to an index card,
and translation is combining the baking ingredients and making chocolate chip cookies
Which of the following statements about regulatory genes is correct? -
ANSWERSregulatory genes can be located within the operon
During translation, chain elongation continues until: - ANSWERSa stop codon is
encountered
Which of the following molecules is NOT DIRECTLY involved in translation? -
ANSWERSDNA
The trait for red hair is recessive, meaning that when a person expresses two copies of
this allele they have red hair. What can be said about the phenotype and genotype of a
red-haired individual versus a brown-haired (dominant) individual? - ANSWERSthe
Correct Answers
DNA is a macromolecule made up of repeating ____________ . -
ANSWERSnucelotides
Which nitrogenous base is not contained within DNA? - ANSWERSuracil
In a DNA double helix, adenine pairs with ______ and guanine pairs with ______. -
ANSWERSthymine; cytosine
If one strand of a DNA double helix has the sequence GTCCAT, what is the sequence
of the other strand? - ANSWERSCAGGTA
X-rays and ultraviolet rays from the sun can result in - ANSWERSmutations
Avoiding sunburns, smoking, and radiation can help prevent _________ which can lead
to _____________ . - ANSWERSmutations; cancer
What is recombinant DNA? - ANSWERSDNA that carries genes from different
organisms
What process describes the development of corn from the ancestral variety to the
modern variety pictured here? - ANSWERSgenetic engineering
Which of the following are examples of how biotechnology has impacted modern food? -
ANSWERSthe gene coding for a pesticide was added to potatos, potatos now produce
their own insect killing chemicals; a species of fish called the Atlantic salmon has had a
growth hormone gene from another species added to it's genome, the modified Atlantic
salmon now grows year round allowing it to reach market size in 18 months instead of 3
years; golden rice has been produced by the addition of genes from daffodils and
bacteria, the new rice has 25 times more vitamin A than the original variety.
Gel electrophoresis seperates DNA fragments on the basis of differences in their
______. - ANSWERSlength
Ethical dilemmas raised by DNA technology and knowledge of the human genome
include ______. - ANSWERSthe potential for interfering in evolution, the safety of GM
foods, the potential discrimination against people predisposed to certain diseases, the
appropriateness of creating new plants, animals, and microorganisms
, Nuclear transplantation involves replacing nuclei of egg cells with nuclei from a
differentiated (or adult) cell, this has been used to _____________ . - ANSWERSclone
animals
Cells that have the ability to develop into any type of cell in the body are called
___________ . - ANSWERSstem cells
Electrophoresis is used to _____. - ANSWERSseparate fragments of DNA
The sequence of bases in a DNA molecule that carries the information necessary for
producing a functional produce is called a(n) _____________ . - ANSWERSgene
During transcription, at the point where the DNA strand being copied has an adenine,
_______________ is added to the mRNA. - ANSWERSa uracil
Which of the following is NOT true about the discovery of DNA structure by Watson and
Crick? - ANSWERSfrom the structure of DNA, it was clear how genes encoded
information for proteins.
Which of the following statements about the metabolism of ethanol (in alcoholic
beverages) is TRUE? - ANSWERSthe process requires two enzymes, which enable the
conversion of alcohol to harmless molecules; a mutation in a single base pair can inhibit
a person's ability to metabolize ethanol; aspirin interferes with the action of alcohol
dehydrogenases; individuals who do NOT produce non-functioning aldehyde
dehydrogenase exhibit normal metabolism of alcohol
Which of the following causes of mutations is incorrectly matched with its mechanism of
action? - ANSWERSspontaneous mutations: enzymes cause errors due to their highly
erroneous nature
Transcription and translation can best be explained through which analogy? -
ANSWERStranscription is the copying of a recipe from a cookbook to an index card,
and translation is combining the baking ingredients and making chocolate chip cookies
Which of the following statements about regulatory genes is correct? -
ANSWERSregulatory genes can be located within the operon
During translation, chain elongation continues until: - ANSWERSa stop codon is
encountered
Which of the following molecules is NOT DIRECTLY involved in translation? -
ANSWERSDNA
The trait for red hair is recessive, meaning that when a person expresses two copies of
this allele they have red hair. What can be said about the phenotype and genotype of a
red-haired individual versus a brown-haired (dominant) individual? - ANSWERSthe
