MBG 4020 MIDTERM EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
What are the basics when developing a breeding program? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅-base population
available
-selection goal(s)
-phenotypes needed
-EBV calculations
-EBV combinations QTL incorporation
-select best as parents, breed, get offspring
For base population issues, what should be considered to start with? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅-is your
species single birth or multi-birth?
-what resources are available? (animal: number of total population? Number of males and females?
Where will this be? Inbreeding?; human: mentors?)
-what is the breed like? what is its lifespan?
-finances?
-market?
Describe hardy-weinberg equilibrium - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Allele and genotype frequencies will
remain constant if we have a:
-large, random mating population
Without
-selection, mutation, or migration
If a population is not 'large' what happens? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅the good:
-cheap
-focused
-consistency
-management
-inbreeding
, the bad:
-bad stuff fixed into population
the ugly:
-deleterious mutations
If homozygosity goes up, heterozygosity goes? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅down
What are the assumptions with population? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅-random mating
-constant population size
-constant proportion of males and females
-closed population
-equal progeny from each parent
-discrete generations
-+/minus sigmap is 'well-behaved'
How does population size matter? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅-small population-->inbreeding
-small population-->genetic drift
1) If inbreeding reduces the population mean, is there a counteracting mechanism?
2) Crossbreeding is defined as?
3) Heterosis is? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅1) yes- crossbreeding creates heterosis
2) the crossing of two unrelated (inbred) lines (normally the generation produced by the initial cross is
referred to as the F1 generation (not the same as F)
3) the amount the crossbred mean exceeds the average of the line means
What do you have to think about for populations of companion animals? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅-what
is a population in your context? (i.e. herd/kennel/flock/gaggle)
-populations are not closed (source animals from other breeders)
What are the basics when developing a breeding program? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅-base population
available
-selection goal(s)
-phenotypes needed
-EBV calculations
-EBV combinations QTL incorporation
-select best as parents, breed, get offspring
For base population issues, what should be considered to start with? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅-is your
species single birth or multi-birth?
-what resources are available? (animal: number of total population? Number of males and females?
Where will this be? Inbreeding?; human: mentors?)
-what is the breed like? what is its lifespan?
-finances?
-market?
Describe hardy-weinberg equilibrium - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Allele and genotype frequencies will
remain constant if we have a:
-large, random mating population
Without
-selection, mutation, or migration
If a population is not 'large' what happens? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅the good:
-cheap
-focused
-consistency
-management
-inbreeding
, the bad:
-bad stuff fixed into population
the ugly:
-deleterious mutations
If homozygosity goes up, heterozygosity goes? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅down
What are the assumptions with population? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅-random mating
-constant population size
-constant proportion of males and females
-closed population
-equal progeny from each parent
-discrete generations
-+/minus sigmap is 'well-behaved'
How does population size matter? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅-small population-->inbreeding
-small population-->genetic drift
1) If inbreeding reduces the population mean, is there a counteracting mechanism?
2) Crossbreeding is defined as?
3) Heterosis is? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅1) yes- crossbreeding creates heterosis
2) the crossing of two unrelated (inbred) lines (normally the generation produced by the initial cross is
referred to as the F1 generation (not the same as F)
3) the amount the crossbred mean exceeds the average of the line means
What do you have to think about for populations of companion animals? - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅-what
is a population in your context? (i.e. herd/kennel/flock/gaggle)
-populations are not closed (source animals from other breeders)
