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1
NSC 830 ADVANCED PHARM DIABETES QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT ANSWERS 2026
BIGUANIDES-correct-answer-Metformin (Glucophage) |
Metformin (Glucophage) MOA-correct-answer-decreases hepatic
| | |
glucose production; insulin sensitizer (decreases insulin resistance)
| | | | | | |
Metformin (Glucophage) Advantages-correct-answer-Cheap! No weight
| | | |
gain. No hypoglycemia. Lowers HgbA1C 1.5-2%. Can be used in pre-
| | | | | | | | | | |
diabetes and metabolic syndrome. Positive effects on lipids, decreases
| | | | | | | |
triglycerides and LDL, increases HDL.
| | | | |
ADA goal of HgbA1C-correct-answer-Less than 7% (correlates to a
| | | | | | | |
glucose of approximately 150)
| | | |
, P |a |g |e | | |
2
Metformin (Glucophage) dosing-correct-answer-500 mg BID with
| | | | |
meals.
|
Max: 2,550/day
|
Start low; go slow!
| | |
Metformin (Glucophage) adverse effects-correct-answer-G.I.:
| | |
nausea/diarrhea/bloating/metallic taste
| |
Thiazoledinediones (TZDs) Adverse effects-correct-answer-Liver injury =
| | | | |
Monitor LFTs
| |
Fluid retention = bad if having heart failure Risk
| | | | | | | |
for bladder cancer (pioglitazone)
| | | |
Black box warning
| |
Metabolized by the CYP 450 3A4 isoenzymes | | | | | |
Thiazolidinediones (TZDs) ZONES-correct-answer-Avoid the zones: liver,
| | | | |
bladder cancer, heart failure
| | | |
GLP - 1 (What is it?)-correct-answer-Incretin hormone
| | | | | |
1
NSC 830 ADVANCED PHARM DIABETES QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT ANSWERS 2026
BIGUANIDES-correct-answer-Metformin (Glucophage) |
Metformin (Glucophage) MOA-correct-answer-decreases hepatic
| | |
glucose production; insulin sensitizer (decreases insulin resistance)
| | | | | | |
Metformin (Glucophage) Advantages-correct-answer-Cheap! No weight
| | | |
gain. No hypoglycemia. Lowers HgbA1C 1.5-2%. Can be used in pre-
| | | | | | | | | | |
diabetes and metabolic syndrome. Positive effects on lipids, decreases
| | | | | | | |
triglycerides and LDL, increases HDL.
| | | | |
ADA goal of HgbA1C-correct-answer-Less than 7% (correlates to a
| | | | | | | |
glucose of approximately 150)
| | | |
, P |a |g |e | | |
2
Metformin (Glucophage) dosing-correct-answer-500 mg BID with
| | | | |
meals.
|
Max: 2,550/day
|
Start low; go slow!
| | |
Metformin (Glucophage) adverse effects-correct-answer-G.I.:
| | |
nausea/diarrhea/bloating/metallic taste
| |
Thiazoledinediones (TZDs) Adverse effects-correct-answer-Liver injury =
| | | | |
Monitor LFTs
| |
Fluid retention = bad if having heart failure Risk
| | | | | | | |
for bladder cancer (pioglitazone)
| | | |
Black box warning
| |
Metabolized by the CYP 450 3A4 isoenzymes | | | | | |
Thiazolidinediones (TZDs) ZONES-correct-answer-Avoid the zones: liver,
| | | | |
bladder cancer, heart failure
| | | |
GLP - 1 (What is it?)-correct-answer-Incretin hormone
| | | | | |
