OBHR 330 EXAM 4 STUDY GUIDE
Power - Answer -The capacity, discretion, and means to enforce one's will over others
Leadership requires... - Answer -...goal congruence, focuses on downward influence
and emphasizes the leadership style
power requires... - Answer -...dependence, is concerned with influence in all directions,
and focuses on tactics used by individuals and groups
Formal Power - Answer -Based on an individual's position in an organization
Coercive Power - Answer -A power base that is dependent on fear of the negative
results from failing to comply
Reward Power - Answer -Power that comes from the ability to provide rewards or
favors
Legitimate Power - Answer -From the formal authority to control and use organizational
resources
Personal Power - Answer -Stems from an individual's unique characteristics
Expert Power - Answer -Influence based on special skills or knowledge
Referent Power - Answer -Influence based on identification with a person who has
desirable resources or personal traits (charisma)
What is the most important aspect of power? - Answer -Dependence
What creates dependence? - Answer -1. Importance
2. Scarcity
3. Non-substitutability
Social Network Analysis - Answer -Examines patterns of communication among
organizational members to identify how information flows between them
Which bases of power are most effective? - Answer -Personal sources are most
effective.
Both expert and referent power are positively related to employees' satisfaction with
supervision, their organizational commitment, and their performance
Coercive power usually backfires.
, Consultation - Answer -Participating in deciding how to carry out a request
exchange influence tactic - Answer -Quid Pro Quo; an agreement between two or more
parties in which there is a reciprocal exchange of goods or services
Integrating Influence Tactic - Answer -Favors, flattery, friendly behavior.
Upward Influence Tactics - Answer -Rational persuasion
Downward Influence Tactics - Answer -Rational persuasion, inspirational appeals,
ingratiation, legitimacy
lateral influence tactics - Answer -rational persuasion, consultation, ingratiation,
exchange, legitimacy, personal appeals, coalitions
Individualistic Culture - Answer -A culture in which people believe that their primary
responsibility is to themselves.
collectivist cultures - Answer -A culture that sees power in social terms and as means
of helping others
Political Skill - Answer -the ability to influence others in such a way as to enhance one's
objectives
More effective users of all the influence tactics - Answer -Politically skilled
Sexual Harassment - Answer -any unwanted activity of a sexual nature that affects an
individual's employment and creates a hostile work environment
Political Behavior - Answer -activities that are not required as part of a person's formal
role in the organization but that influence, or attempt to influence, the distribution of
advantages and disadvantages within the organization
Politics arise in organizations because of: - Answer -Conflicting interests
Limited resources
Ambiguity in decision making
Politicking - Answer -twisting facts to support one's own goals and interests
When politics are perceived as a threat, people respond with - Answer -defensive
behaviors
impression management - Answer -people's efforts to control the impressions that
others receive of them
Power - Answer -The capacity, discretion, and means to enforce one's will over others
Leadership requires... - Answer -...goal congruence, focuses on downward influence
and emphasizes the leadership style
power requires... - Answer -...dependence, is concerned with influence in all directions,
and focuses on tactics used by individuals and groups
Formal Power - Answer -Based on an individual's position in an organization
Coercive Power - Answer -A power base that is dependent on fear of the negative
results from failing to comply
Reward Power - Answer -Power that comes from the ability to provide rewards or
favors
Legitimate Power - Answer -From the formal authority to control and use organizational
resources
Personal Power - Answer -Stems from an individual's unique characteristics
Expert Power - Answer -Influence based on special skills or knowledge
Referent Power - Answer -Influence based on identification with a person who has
desirable resources or personal traits (charisma)
What is the most important aspect of power? - Answer -Dependence
What creates dependence? - Answer -1. Importance
2. Scarcity
3. Non-substitutability
Social Network Analysis - Answer -Examines patterns of communication among
organizational members to identify how information flows between them
Which bases of power are most effective? - Answer -Personal sources are most
effective.
Both expert and referent power are positively related to employees' satisfaction with
supervision, their organizational commitment, and their performance
Coercive power usually backfires.
, Consultation - Answer -Participating in deciding how to carry out a request
exchange influence tactic - Answer -Quid Pro Quo; an agreement between two or more
parties in which there is a reciprocal exchange of goods or services
Integrating Influence Tactic - Answer -Favors, flattery, friendly behavior.
Upward Influence Tactics - Answer -Rational persuasion
Downward Influence Tactics - Answer -Rational persuasion, inspirational appeals,
ingratiation, legitimacy
lateral influence tactics - Answer -rational persuasion, consultation, ingratiation,
exchange, legitimacy, personal appeals, coalitions
Individualistic Culture - Answer -A culture in which people believe that their primary
responsibility is to themselves.
collectivist cultures - Answer -A culture that sees power in social terms and as means
of helping others
Political Skill - Answer -the ability to influence others in such a way as to enhance one's
objectives
More effective users of all the influence tactics - Answer -Politically skilled
Sexual Harassment - Answer -any unwanted activity of a sexual nature that affects an
individual's employment and creates a hostile work environment
Political Behavior - Answer -activities that are not required as part of a person's formal
role in the organization but that influence, or attempt to influence, the distribution of
advantages and disadvantages within the organization
Politics arise in organizations because of: - Answer -Conflicting interests
Limited resources
Ambiguity in decision making
Politicking - Answer -twisting facts to support one's own goals and interests
When politics are perceived as a threat, people respond with - Answer -defensive
behaviors
impression management - Answer -people's efforts to control the impressions that
others receive of them
