C785 Final Exam – Biochemistry
What is a monosaccharide? - (ANSWER)The most basic units of carbohydrates. Made of 1 aldehyde and
1 ketone. They are the simplest form of sugar and are usually colorless, water-soluble, crystalline solids.
Some monosaccharides have a sweet taste. Examples of monosaccharides include glucose (dextrose),
fructose (levulose) and galactose
Nature uses the D or L form of carbohydrates - (ANSWER)D
The two kinds of monosaccharides are - (ANSWER)Aldoses, Ketoses
The bonds between carbohydrate monomers are called - (ANSWER)Glycosidic
Starches are polymers made exclusively from - (ANSWER)Glucose
The difference between amylose and amylopectin are - (ANSWER)The structure (branched vs linear)
Dietary fiber is - (ANSWER)Complex Carbohydrates
Cellulose
Divided into soluble and insoluble
In the 2-compartment model for water in the body, water partitions into - (ANSWER)Intracellular and
extracellular
In the 3 compartment model for water in the body, the__________ compartment is further divided into
interstitial and plasma compartments - (ANSWER)extracellular
Fluid in the blood is classified specifically as _________ fluid - (ANSWER)extracellular
In an ideally balanced human system water inputs would equal - (ANSWER)Water outputs
, C785 Final Exam – Biochemistry
An electrolyte is
a) sugar
b. fat
c. charged molecule
d water - (ANSWER)charged molecule
______________ ions account for nearly 90% of the positively charged ions found in extracellular fluid -
(ANSWER)Sodium
The hormone aldosterone regulates the concentrations of _______ and ________ in the body. -
(ANSWER)Potassium ions and sodium ions
_______ is the most common extracelluar cation, while _________ is the most abundant intracellular
cation. - (ANSWER)Sodium, potassium
The three most important buffer systems in body fluids include the bicarbonate buffer system, the ____
buffer system and the protein buffer system. - (ANSWER)Phosphate
How is it possible for the rate and depth of breathing to affect hydrogen ion concentrations in body
fluids? - (ANSWER)The rate and depth of breathing does not alter hydrogen ion concentration in body
fluids.
What is the normal pH of the blood? - (ANSWER)7.35-7.45
What is the most significant plasma buffer? - (ANSWER)bicarbonate
Which of these is not a consequence of vomiting?
a. dehydration
b. metabolic acidosis
c. respiratory alkalosis
What is a monosaccharide? - (ANSWER)The most basic units of carbohydrates. Made of 1 aldehyde and
1 ketone. They are the simplest form of sugar and are usually colorless, water-soluble, crystalline solids.
Some monosaccharides have a sweet taste. Examples of monosaccharides include glucose (dextrose),
fructose (levulose) and galactose
Nature uses the D or L form of carbohydrates - (ANSWER)D
The two kinds of monosaccharides are - (ANSWER)Aldoses, Ketoses
The bonds between carbohydrate monomers are called - (ANSWER)Glycosidic
Starches are polymers made exclusively from - (ANSWER)Glucose
The difference between amylose and amylopectin are - (ANSWER)The structure (branched vs linear)
Dietary fiber is - (ANSWER)Complex Carbohydrates
Cellulose
Divided into soluble and insoluble
In the 2-compartment model for water in the body, water partitions into - (ANSWER)Intracellular and
extracellular
In the 3 compartment model for water in the body, the__________ compartment is further divided into
interstitial and plasma compartments - (ANSWER)extracellular
Fluid in the blood is classified specifically as _________ fluid - (ANSWER)extracellular
In an ideally balanced human system water inputs would equal - (ANSWER)Water outputs
, C785 Final Exam – Biochemistry
An electrolyte is
a) sugar
b. fat
c. charged molecule
d water - (ANSWER)charged molecule
______________ ions account for nearly 90% of the positively charged ions found in extracellular fluid -
(ANSWER)Sodium
The hormone aldosterone regulates the concentrations of _______ and ________ in the body. -
(ANSWER)Potassium ions and sodium ions
_______ is the most common extracelluar cation, while _________ is the most abundant intracellular
cation. - (ANSWER)Sodium, potassium
The three most important buffer systems in body fluids include the bicarbonate buffer system, the ____
buffer system and the protein buffer system. - (ANSWER)Phosphate
How is it possible for the rate and depth of breathing to affect hydrogen ion concentrations in body
fluids? - (ANSWER)The rate and depth of breathing does not alter hydrogen ion concentration in body
fluids.
What is the normal pH of the blood? - (ANSWER)7.35-7.45
What is the most significant plasma buffer? - (ANSWER)bicarbonate
Which of these is not a consequence of vomiting?
a. dehydration
b. metabolic acidosis
c. respiratory alkalosis
