A&P final ch 1-15 with complete solutions
What is anatomy defined as? - ✔✔the study of structure of the body
what is physiology defined as? - ✔✔the study of the function of the body
what are the 3 main body planes? - ✔✔frontal, median, and transverse
what are the 8 necessary life functions? - ✔✔maintain boundaries, movement, responsiveness,
digestion, metabolism, dispose of wastes, reproduction, & growth
what are the levels of structural organization from simplest to most complex? - ✔✔chemical,
cellular, tissue, organ, organ system, & organismal
describe the anatomical position - ✔✔body erect, facing forward, feet slightly apart, arms at
sides with palms forward
what are the 11 organ systems of the body? - ✔✔integumentary, skeletal, muscular, nervous,
endocrine, cardiovascular, lymphatic, respiratory, digestive, reproductive, and immune system
what does negative feedback do? - ✔✔reduces or shuts off original stimulus
what does positive feedback do? - ✔✔enhances or exaggerates original stimuli
,what is homeostatic imbalance? - ✔✔a disturbance that causes change in the internal state of
the organism
such as: disease, aging, and malnutrition
how does a receptor react to a stimuli? - ✔✔the receptor sends information to the control center
and sends the appropriate response to the effector which then provides the means to a response
what are the 5 survival needs? - ✔✔nutrients, oxygen, water, normal body temperature, and
appropriate atmospheric pressure
(all in appropriate amounts)
what is a serous membrane (serosa)? - ✔✔a thin, double layered membrane. These membranes
are separated by slit like cavities filled with serous fluid
how many different abdominopelvic regions are there? - ✔✔9
what is excretion? - ✔✔the ability to remove useless substances from the body
example of excretion? - ✔✔the digestive system getting rid of indigestible foods
,what is responsiveness or excitability? - ✔✔the human anatomy responding towards the
environment?
what is the human anatomy responding towards the environment? - ✔✔responsiveness or
excitability
what is the most responsive organ system in the whole body? - ✔✔the nervous system
what are the 9 abdominopelvic regions? - ✔✔(from top left to bottom right)
right hypochondriac region, epigastric region, left hypochondriac region, right lumbar, umbilical,
left lumber, right iliac, hypogastric, left iliac
what 4 quadrants can the 9 abdominopelvic regions be divided into? - ✔✔right upper, left
upper, right lower, and left lower
what are the 5 cavities? - ✔✔cranial cavity, vertebral cavity, thoracic cavity, abdominal cavity,
and pelvic cavity
what are the 4 planes that divide the body and allow for easier inspection? - ✔✔sagittal (median
if its down the middle), frontal, transverse (horizontal), and elusive oblique
what is homeostatic imbalance? - ✔✔the disturbance of homeostasis beyond the norm
, what is the disturbance of homeostasis beyond the norm? - ✔✔homeostatic imbalance
what can cause homeostatic imbalance? - ✔✔disease and aging
what is negative feedback? - ✔✔the response that opposes stimuli
what is positive feedback? - ✔✔the response that enables/furthers a stimuli
what are the two categories energy is divided into? - ✔✔kinetic and potential
what is kinetic energy? - ✔✔requires work in action
what is potential energy? - ✔✔stored energy
what are the 4 major elements of the human body? - ✔✔carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and
nitrogen (CHON)
what are atoms made of? - ✔✔subatomic particles protons, neutrons, and electrons
what does the atomic number represent? - ✔✔# of protons
What is anatomy defined as? - ✔✔the study of structure of the body
what is physiology defined as? - ✔✔the study of the function of the body
what are the 3 main body planes? - ✔✔frontal, median, and transverse
what are the 8 necessary life functions? - ✔✔maintain boundaries, movement, responsiveness,
digestion, metabolism, dispose of wastes, reproduction, & growth
what are the levels of structural organization from simplest to most complex? - ✔✔chemical,
cellular, tissue, organ, organ system, & organismal
describe the anatomical position - ✔✔body erect, facing forward, feet slightly apart, arms at
sides with palms forward
what are the 11 organ systems of the body? - ✔✔integumentary, skeletal, muscular, nervous,
endocrine, cardiovascular, lymphatic, respiratory, digestive, reproductive, and immune system
what does negative feedback do? - ✔✔reduces or shuts off original stimulus
what does positive feedback do? - ✔✔enhances or exaggerates original stimuli
,what is homeostatic imbalance? - ✔✔a disturbance that causes change in the internal state of
the organism
such as: disease, aging, and malnutrition
how does a receptor react to a stimuli? - ✔✔the receptor sends information to the control center
and sends the appropriate response to the effector which then provides the means to a response
what are the 5 survival needs? - ✔✔nutrients, oxygen, water, normal body temperature, and
appropriate atmospheric pressure
(all in appropriate amounts)
what is a serous membrane (serosa)? - ✔✔a thin, double layered membrane. These membranes
are separated by slit like cavities filled with serous fluid
how many different abdominopelvic regions are there? - ✔✔9
what is excretion? - ✔✔the ability to remove useless substances from the body
example of excretion? - ✔✔the digestive system getting rid of indigestible foods
,what is responsiveness or excitability? - ✔✔the human anatomy responding towards the
environment?
what is the human anatomy responding towards the environment? - ✔✔responsiveness or
excitability
what is the most responsive organ system in the whole body? - ✔✔the nervous system
what are the 9 abdominopelvic regions? - ✔✔(from top left to bottom right)
right hypochondriac region, epigastric region, left hypochondriac region, right lumbar, umbilical,
left lumber, right iliac, hypogastric, left iliac
what 4 quadrants can the 9 abdominopelvic regions be divided into? - ✔✔right upper, left
upper, right lower, and left lower
what are the 5 cavities? - ✔✔cranial cavity, vertebral cavity, thoracic cavity, abdominal cavity,
and pelvic cavity
what are the 4 planes that divide the body and allow for easier inspection? - ✔✔sagittal (median
if its down the middle), frontal, transverse (horizontal), and elusive oblique
what is homeostatic imbalance? - ✔✔the disturbance of homeostasis beyond the norm
, what is the disturbance of homeostasis beyond the norm? - ✔✔homeostatic imbalance
what can cause homeostatic imbalance? - ✔✔disease and aging
what is negative feedback? - ✔✔the response that opposes stimuli
what is positive feedback? - ✔✔the response that enables/furthers a stimuli
what are the two categories energy is divided into? - ✔✔kinetic and potential
what is kinetic energy? - ✔✔requires work in action
what is potential energy? - ✔✔stored energy
what are the 4 major elements of the human body? - ✔✔carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and
nitrogen (CHON)
what are atoms made of? - ✔✔subatomic particles protons, neutrons, and electrons
what does the atomic number represent? - ✔✔# of protons
