Concepten klinisch redeneren
Inhoud
Thema 0: Inleiding..................................................................................................................................5
Thema 1: Emotieregulatie......................................................................................................................6
Emotieregulatie..................................................................................................................................7
Hechting als basis van emotieregulatie..........................................................................................8
De ontwikkeling van emotieregulatie.............................................................................................9
Emotiebewustzijn en emotiebegrip..............................................................................................10
Emotie reguleren via gedrag.........................................................................................................12
Emotie reguleren via cognities.....................................................................................................13
Window of tolerance en stabilisatie.............................................................................................13
Culturele verschillen in emotieregulatie...........................................................................................15
Thema 2: Coping, veerkracht en palliatief pallet..................................................................................17
Coping...............................................................................................................................................17
Theoretische modellen.................................................................................................................18
Copingvaardigheden aanleren......................................................................................................19
Veerkracht........................................................................................................................................20
Wat is veerkracht?........................................................................................................................20
Veerkracht versterken..................................................................................................................23
Palliatief pallet..................................................................................................................................24
Thema 3: Relaxatie en mindfulness......................................................................................................25
Relaxatie...........................................................................................................................................25
Progressieve spierrrelaxatie.........................................................................................................25
Autogene training.........................................................................................................................26
Ademhalingsoefeningen...............................................................................................................26
Imaginatie oefeningen..................................................................................................................27
Meditatie......................................................................................................................................28
Andere ontspanningsmogelijkheden............................................................................................28
Mindfulness......................................................................................................................................28
Thema 4: Zelfbeeld en innerlijke criticus..............................................................................................30
Zelfbeeld...........................................................................................................................................30
Het zelfconcept en zelfbeeld........................................................................................................30
Gevoel van eigenwaarde..............................................................................................................32
Werken aan een positiever zelfbeeld...........................................................................................34
, Culturele verschillen.....................................................................................................................36
Innerlijke criticus..............................................................................................................................37
Wat is je innerlijke criticus?..........................................................................................................37
Oorzaak en instandhouding..........................................................................................................38
Veranderingsproces......................................................................................................................39
Thema 5: Fenomenologisch-dialectisch persoonsmodel......................................................................42
Fe-Di-P Model...................................................................................................................................42
Ontwikkelingsgerichte, existenstieel-dialectische visie....................................................................44
Methode...........................................................................................................................................44
Toepassingen Fe-Di-P Model............................................................................................................45
Thema 6: Piekeren................................................................................................................................46
Wat is piekeren?...............................................................................................................................46
Waarom piekeren we?.....................................................................................................................48
Wat gebeurt er in de hersenen?.......................................................................................................49
Behandeling van piekeren................................................................................................................49
Thema 7: Persoonlijkheid en schema’s.................................................................................................50
Persoonlijkheid:................................................................................................................................50
De Big 5 en five factor model (NEO-PI-R, Costa en McCrae).............................................................50
De Big 5 in klinische psychologie......................................................................................................51
Populaire taxonomieën....................................................................................................................53
Persoonlijkheid vanuit de verschillende therapeutische stromingen...............................................54
Persoonlijkheid vanuit psycho-analystisch/ psychodynamisch perspectief..................................54
Persoonlijkheid vanuit cliënt-centered perspectief......................................................................56
Persoonlijkheid vanuit cognitiefgedragstherapeutisch perspectief..............................................57
Persoonlijkheid vanuit de Systeemtheorie...................................................................................58
Schema’s...........................................................................................................................................58
Wat zijn schema’s?.......................................................................................................................58
Hoe ontstaan schema’s?...............................................................................................................60
Schemadomeinen en schema’s....................................................................................................61
Bestendiging en genezing.............................................................................................................64
Schema’s genezen........................................................................................................................65
Andere specifieke therapieën voor persoonlijkheidsstoornissen.....................................................66
Thema 8: KOP en PrOP model..............................................................................................................67
KOP-model........................................................................................................................................67
Theoretisch concept.....................................................................................................................68
De balans......................................................................................................................................69
, KOP in de praktijk: behandelproces in 5 stappen.........................................................................69
Tips voor het toepassen van het KOP-model................................................................................74
PrOP-model (kinderen).....................................................................................................................74
Fase 1: inventarisatiefase.............................................................................................................76
Fase 2: gedragsverandering..........................................................................................................76
Fase 3: terugvalpreventie of gedragsverandering in de toekomst................................................78
Tips voor het toepassen van het PrOP-model...............................................................................78
Thema 9: Mentaliseren........................................................................................................................78
Facetten van mentaliseren...............................................................................................................79
Expliciet versus impliciet...............................................................................................................79
Zelf versus anderen......................................................................................................................80
Tijdskader en bereik.....................................................................................................................81
Ontwikkeling en tekorten in het mentaliseren.............................................................................81
Overlappende termen......................................................................................................................82
Mentaliserende modi/modus...........................................................................................................83
Mentaliserende houding..................................................................................................................85
Do’s and Don’ts................................................................................................................................87
Thema 10: Schaal van emotionele ontwikkeling (Dosen).....................................................................88
Thema 11: werken met de context.......................................................................................................97
Vergelijking tussen klassiek en systemisch model........................................................................98
De context in de intakefase..............................................................................................................99
Visualiseren van de context............................................................................................................100
Basisattitudes.................................................................................................................................101
Toepassingen..................................................................................................................................103
Open dialogue............................................................................................................................103
Netwerktafels.............................................................................................................................104
Informele context: sociale steun....................................................................................................104
Thema 12: herstelgericht werken en ervaringsdeskundigheid...........................................................107
De fasen in herstel..........................................................................................................................107
De vier aspecten van herstel..........................................................................................................108
Herstelfactoren...............................................................................................................................109
Herstelondersteunende hulpverlening...........................................................................................110
Stigmatisering en destigmatisering.................................................................................................111
Ervaringsdeskundigheid..................................................................................................................111
Thema 13: Motivatie..........................................................................................................................113
Cirkel van verandering van Prochaska en Diclemente....................................................................113
, Zelfdeterminatietheorie van Deci en Ryan.....................................................................................114
Motiverende gespreksvoering MGV...............................................................................................117
De verschillende talen................................................................................................................118
De spirit van MGV.......................................................................................................................119
De 4 kernprocessen in MVG.......................................................................................................121
Inhoud
Thema 0: Inleiding..................................................................................................................................5
Thema 1: Emotieregulatie......................................................................................................................6
Emotieregulatie..................................................................................................................................7
Hechting als basis van emotieregulatie..........................................................................................8
De ontwikkeling van emotieregulatie.............................................................................................9
Emotiebewustzijn en emotiebegrip..............................................................................................10
Emotie reguleren via gedrag.........................................................................................................12
Emotie reguleren via cognities.....................................................................................................13
Window of tolerance en stabilisatie.............................................................................................13
Culturele verschillen in emotieregulatie...........................................................................................15
Thema 2: Coping, veerkracht en palliatief pallet..................................................................................17
Coping...............................................................................................................................................17
Theoretische modellen.................................................................................................................18
Copingvaardigheden aanleren......................................................................................................19
Veerkracht........................................................................................................................................20
Wat is veerkracht?........................................................................................................................20
Veerkracht versterken..................................................................................................................23
Palliatief pallet..................................................................................................................................24
Thema 3: Relaxatie en mindfulness......................................................................................................25
Relaxatie...........................................................................................................................................25
Progressieve spierrrelaxatie.........................................................................................................25
Autogene training.........................................................................................................................26
Ademhalingsoefeningen...............................................................................................................26
Imaginatie oefeningen..................................................................................................................27
Meditatie......................................................................................................................................28
Andere ontspanningsmogelijkheden............................................................................................28
Mindfulness......................................................................................................................................28
Thema 4: Zelfbeeld en innerlijke criticus..............................................................................................30
Zelfbeeld...........................................................................................................................................30
Het zelfconcept en zelfbeeld........................................................................................................30
Gevoel van eigenwaarde..............................................................................................................32
Werken aan een positiever zelfbeeld...........................................................................................34
, Culturele verschillen.....................................................................................................................36
Innerlijke criticus..............................................................................................................................37
Wat is je innerlijke criticus?..........................................................................................................37
Oorzaak en instandhouding..........................................................................................................38
Veranderingsproces......................................................................................................................39
Thema 5: Fenomenologisch-dialectisch persoonsmodel......................................................................42
Fe-Di-P Model...................................................................................................................................42
Ontwikkelingsgerichte, existenstieel-dialectische visie....................................................................44
Methode...........................................................................................................................................44
Toepassingen Fe-Di-P Model............................................................................................................45
Thema 6: Piekeren................................................................................................................................46
Wat is piekeren?...............................................................................................................................46
Waarom piekeren we?.....................................................................................................................48
Wat gebeurt er in de hersenen?.......................................................................................................49
Behandeling van piekeren................................................................................................................49
Thema 7: Persoonlijkheid en schema’s.................................................................................................50
Persoonlijkheid:................................................................................................................................50
De Big 5 en five factor model (NEO-PI-R, Costa en McCrae).............................................................50
De Big 5 in klinische psychologie......................................................................................................51
Populaire taxonomieën....................................................................................................................53
Persoonlijkheid vanuit de verschillende therapeutische stromingen...............................................54
Persoonlijkheid vanuit psycho-analystisch/ psychodynamisch perspectief..................................54
Persoonlijkheid vanuit cliënt-centered perspectief......................................................................56
Persoonlijkheid vanuit cognitiefgedragstherapeutisch perspectief..............................................57
Persoonlijkheid vanuit de Systeemtheorie...................................................................................58
Schema’s...........................................................................................................................................58
Wat zijn schema’s?.......................................................................................................................58
Hoe ontstaan schema’s?...............................................................................................................60
Schemadomeinen en schema’s....................................................................................................61
Bestendiging en genezing.............................................................................................................64
Schema’s genezen........................................................................................................................65
Andere specifieke therapieën voor persoonlijkheidsstoornissen.....................................................66
Thema 8: KOP en PrOP model..............................................................................................................67
KOP-model........................................................................................................................................67
Theoretisch concept.....................................................................................................................68
De balans......................................................................................................................................69
, KOP in de praktijk: behandelproces in 5 stappen.........................................................................69
Tips voor het toepassen van het KOP-model................................................................................74
PrOP-model (kinderen).....................................................................................................................74
Fase 1: inventarisatiefase.............................................................................................................76
Fase 2: gedragsverandering..........................................................................................................76
Fase 3: terugvalpreventie of gedragsverandering in de toekomst................................................78
Tips voor het toepassen van het PrOP-model...............................................................................78
Thema 9: Mentaliseren........................................................................................................................78
Facetten van mentaliseren...............................................................................................................79
Expliciet versus impliciet...............................................................................................................79
Zelf versus anderen......................................................................................................................80
Tijdskader en bereik.....................................................................................................................81
Ontwikkeling en tekorten in het mentaliseren.............................................................................81
Overlappende termen......................................................................................................................82
Mentaliserende modi/modus...........................................................................................................83
Mentaliserende houding..................................................................................................................85
Do’s and Don’ts................................................................................................................................87
Thema 10: Schaal van emotionele ontwikkeling (Dosen).....................................................................88
Thema 11: werken met de context.......................................................................................................97
Vergelijking tussen klassiek en systemisch model........................................................................98
De context in de intakefase..............................................................................................................99
Visualiseren van de context............................................................................................................100
Basisattitudes.................................................................................................................................101
Toepassingen..................................................................................................................................103
Open dialogue............................................................................................................................103
Netwerktafels.............................................................................................................................104
Informele context: sociale steun....................................................................................................104
Thema 12: herstelgericht werken en ervaringsdeskundigheid...........................................................107
De fasen in herstel..........................................................................................................................107
De vier aspecten van herstel..........................................................................................................108
Herstelfactoren...............................................................................................................................109
Herstelondersteunende hulpverlening...........................................................................................110
Stigmatisering en destigmatisering.................................................................................................111
Ervaringsdeskundigheid..................................................................................................................111
Thema 13: Motivatie..........................................................................................................................113
Cirkel van verandering van Prochaska en Diclemente....................................................................113
, Zelfdeterminatietheorie van Deci en Ryan.....................................................................................114
Motiverende gespreksvoering MGV...............................................................................................117
De verschillende talen................................................................................................................118
De spirit van MGV.......................................................................................................................119
De 4 kernprocessen in MVG.......................................................................................................121
