Samenvatting Strategisch Management
Inhoud
SECTION 1: STRATEGY ............................................................................................................................. 7
Hoofdstuk 1: Inleiding, wat is een strategie?.......................................................................................... 7
I. Enkele principes van algemeen management............................................................................. 7
II. De onderneming als intern en extern systeem ........................................................................... 8
III. De eigenheid van ondernemingen: 3 gemeenschappelijke elementen .................................. 8
Turbulentie in de omgeving ............................................................................................................ 9
De eigenheid van organisaties en hun omgevingen… ..................................................................... 9
IV. Definitie van strategie? ......................................................................................................... 10
Het speelveld van strategie ........................................................................................................... 10
Naar een definitie van Strategie… ................................................................................................. 11
V. Wat zijn de key strategische issues/keuzes? ............................................................................. 12
Vertaling van de 3 dimensies ........................................................................................................ 13
VI. Structuring the strategy debates........................................................................................... 14
Hoe de paradoxen/perspectieven aanpakken? ............................................................................ 14
VII. Managing the Strategy paradoxes (uit boek, niet besproken in les) .................................... 15
Dealing with paradoxes ................................................................................................................. 15
VIII. Nabeschouwingen ................................................................................................................. 15
Hoofdstuk 2: Strategizing ...................................................................................................................... 17
I. Introductie ................................................................................................................................. 17
II. The issue of Strategic Reasoning ............................................................................................... 17
Het denkproces: activiteiten, mappen, vermogen ........................................................................ 18
III. De paradox tussen ‘logica’ en ‘intuïtie’ ................................................................................. 21
De nood aan ‘logical thinking’ ....................................................................................................... 22
De nood aan ‘intuitive thinking’ .................................................................................................... 23
IV. Perspectieven op ‘strategizing’ ............................................................................................. 23
V. Managen van de paradox/perspectieven ................................................................................. 24
VI. Strategisch denken in internationaal perspectief ................................................................. 24
Vanuit een sociaal perspectief ...................................................................................................... 24
Vanuit een industrie perspectief ................................................................................................... 24
En op persoonlijk vlak.................................................................................................................... 25
VII. Nabeschouwingen ................................................................................................................. 25
Hoofdstuk 3: Missioning and Visioning ................................................................................................. 28
1
, I. Introductie ................................................................................................................................. 28
II. The issue of organizational purpose (uit boek, niet gezien in les) ............................................ 37
III. Paradox tussen profitability en responsibility ....................................................................... 38
Nood aan ‘economic profitability’ ................................................................................................. 38
Nood aan ‘societal responsibility’ ................................................................................................. 39
IV. Perspectieven op missie en visie ........................................................................................... 39
Shareholder value perspective ...................................................................................................... 40
Stakeholders value perspective..................................................................................................... 40
V. Managen van de paradox/perspectieven ................................................................................. 40
VI. Missie en visie in internationaal perspectief ......................................................................... 41
Vanuit een sociaal perspectief ...................................................................................................... 41
Vanuit een industrie perspectief ................................................................................................... 41
En op persoonlijk vlak.................................................................................................................... 41
VII. Nabeschouwingen ................................................................................................................. 41
SECTION 2: STRATEGY CONTENT (dimensie 1) ...................................................................................... 45
Hoofdstuk 4: Business level strategy .................................................................................................... 46
I. Introductie ................................................................................................................................. 46
II. The issue of competitive advantage (concurrentievoordeel) ................................................... 48
Product offerings (in les enkel SV, hier uitgebreid met boek) ...................................................... 50
Value chain / Activity System ........................................................................................................ 54
Resource base................................................................................................................................ 55
Sustaining competitive advantage ................................................................................................ 56
III. Het paradox van markten en resources ................................................................................ 57
Nood aan market adaptation ........................................................................................................ 57
Nood voor resource leveraging ..................................................................................................... 57
IV. Perspectieven op business level strategy.............................................................................. 58
The outside-in perspective ............................................................................................................ 58
The inside-out perspective ............................................................................................................ 58
V. Managen v/d paradox van markten en resources .................................................................... 58
Parallel processing ......................................................................................................................... 58
Juxtaposing .................................................................................................................................... 58
VI. Business level strategy in internationaal perspectief............................................................ 58
Vanuit industrie level..................................................................................................................... 59
Vanuit persoonlijk vlak .................................................................................................................. 59
VII. Nabeschouwingen ................................................................................................................. 59
Hoofdstuk 5: Corporate level strategy .................................................................................................. 64
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, I. Introductie ................................................................................................................................. 64
II. The issue van Corporate Configuration ..................................................................................... 66
Corporate Composition ................................................................................................................. 66
Corporate management ................................................................................................................ 70
III. Paradox van responsiveness en synergie .............................................................................. 71
Vraag naar multi-business synergy................................................................................................ 72
Vraag naar business responsiveness ............................................................................................. 73
IV. Perspectieven op corporate level strategy ........................................................................... 74
The portfolio organization perspective ......................................................................................... 74
The integrated organization perspective ...................................................................................... 74
V. Managen van de paradox/perspectieven ................................................................................. 74
Navigating ...................................................................................................................................... 74
Balancing ....................................................................................................................................... 74
Resolving........................................................................................................................................ 74
VI. Corporate level strategy in internationaal perspectief ......................................................... 75
Vanuit een industrie perpectief .................................................................................................... 75
Vanuit persoonlijk vlak .................................................................................................................. 75
VII. Nabeschouwingen ................................................................................................................. 75
VIII. Verplichte reader: Dynamics of Strategic Agility ................................................................... 76
Agility is multi-faced fenomeen .................................................................................................... 76
Strategic Agility .............................................................................................................................. 76
Hoofdstuk 6: Network Level Strategy ................................................................................................... 79
I. Introductie ................................................................................................................................. 79
II. The Issue of Inter-Organizational Relationships........................................................................ 84
Relational Actors (who) ................................................................................................................. 85
Relational Objectives ..................................................................................................................... 86
Relational Factors .......................................................................................................................... 88
Relational Arrangements............................................................................................................... 90
III. Paradox van competitie en medewerking (coöperatie) ........................................................ 91
De noodzaak van interorganisationele concurrentie .................................................................... 91
De noodzaak van interorganisationele samenwerking (coöperatie) ............................................ 91
IV. Perspectieven op network level strategy .............................................................................. 92
Discrete organization perspective ................................................................................................. 92
Embedded organization perspective............................................................................................. 92
V. Managen van de paradox/perspectieven ................................................................................. 93
Navigating ...................................................................................................................................... 93
3
, Parallel processing ......................................................................................................................... 93
Juxtaposing .................................................................................................................................... 93
VI. Network level strategy in internationaal perspectief ........................................................... 93
Vanuit een industrie perspectief ................................................................................................... 93
VII. Nabeschouwingen ................................................................................................................. 93
SECTION 3: STRATEGY PROCESS (dimensie 2) ....................................................................................... 96
Hoofdstuk 7: Strategy formation .......................................................................................................... 96
I. Introductie ................................................................................................................................. 96
II. The issue of realized strategy .................................................................................................. 101
Strategy formation activities ....................................................................................................... 101
Strategy formation roles ............................................................................................................. 105
III. Paradox van deliberate strategizing en strategy emergence .............................................. 107
De noodzaak voor ‘deliberate strategizing’................................................................................. 109
De noodzaak voor ‘strategy emergence’..................................................................................... 110
IV. Perspectieven van strategy formation ................................................................................ 110
V. Managen van de paradox/perspectieven ............................................................................... 111
Balancing ..................................................................................................................................... 111
Juxtaposing .................................................................................................................................. 112
VI. Strategy formation in internationaal perspectief ............................................................... 112
Industrie perspectief ................................................................................................................... 112
Vanuit de manager ...................................................................................................................... 112
VII. Nabeschouwingen ............................................................................................................... 112
Hoofdstuk 8: Strategic change ............................................................................................................ 115
I. Introductie ............................................................................................................................... 115
II. The Issue of strategic alignment ............................................................................................. 118
Areas of strategic change/renewal ............................................................................................. 118
Magnitude of Change .................................................................................................................. 121
Hoe wordt de verandering gerealiseerd ? kleine of grote stappen ? ......................................... 121
Pace of Change ............................................................................................................................ 122
III. Paradox van revolutie en evolutie....................................................................................... 122
IV. Perspectieven van strategic change .................................................................................... 123
V. Managen van de paradox/perspectieven ............................................................................... 123
Navigating .................................................................................................................................... 123
VI. Strategic Change in international perspective .................................................................... 123
VII. Nabeschouwingen ............................................................................................................... 124
Hoofdstuk 9: Strategic Innovation ...................................................................................................... 127
4
Inhoud
SECTION 1: STRATEGY ............................................................................................................................. 7
Hoofdstuk 1: Inleiding, wat is een strategie?.......................................................................................... 7
I. Enkele principes van algemeen management............................................................................. 7
II. De onderneming als intern en extern systeem ........................................................................... 8
III. De eigenheid van ondernemingen: 3 gemeenschappelijke elementen .................................. 8
Turbulentie in de omgeving ............................................................................................................ 9
De eigenheid van organisaties en hun omgevingen… ..................................................................... 9
IV. Definitie van strategie? ......................................................................................................... 10
Het speelveld van strategie ........................................................................................................... 10
Naar een definitie van Strategie… ................................................................................................. 11
V. Wat zijn de key strategische issues/keuzes? ............................................................................. 12
Vertaling van de 3 dimensies ........................................................................................................ 13
VI. Structuring the strategy debates........................................................................................... 14
Hoe de paradoxen/perspectieven aanpakken? ............................................................................ 14
VII. Managing the Strategy paradoxes (uit boek, niet besproken in les) .................................... 15
Dealing with paradoxes ................................................................................................................. 15
VIII. Nabeschouwingen ................................................................................................................. 15
Hoofdstuk 2: Strategizing ...................................................................................................................... 17
I. Introductie ................................................................................................................................. 17
II. The issue of Strategic Reasoning ............................................................................................... 17
Het denkproces: activiteiten, mappen, vermogen ........................................................................ 18
III. De paradox tussen ‘logica’ en ‘intuïtie’ ................................................................................. 21
De nood aan ‘logical thinking’ ....................................................................................................... 22
De nood aan ‘intuitive thinking’ .................................................................................................... 23
IV. Perspectieven op ‘strategizing’ ............................................................................................. 23
V. Managen van de paradox/perspectieven ................................................................................. 24
VI. Strategisch denken in internationaal perspectief ................................................................. 24
Vanuit een sociaal perspectief ...................................................................................................... 24
Vanuit een industrie perspectief ................................................................................................... 24
En op persoonlijk vlak.................................................................................................................... 25
VII. Nabeschouwingen ................................................................................................................. 25
Hoofdstuk 3: Missioning and Visioning ................................................................................................. 28
1
, I. Introductie ................................................................................................................................. 28
II. The issue of organizational purpose (uit boek, niet gezien in les) ............................................ 37
III. Paradox tussen profitability en responsibility ....................................................................... 38
Nood aan ‘economic profitability’ ................................................................................................. 38
Nood aan ‘societal responsibility’ ................................................................................................. 39
IV. Perspectieven op missie en visie ........................................................................................... 39
Shareholder value perspective ...................................................................................................... 40
Stakeholders value perspective..................................................................................................... 40
V. Managen van de paradox/perspectieven ................................................................................. 40
VI. Missie en visie in internationaal perspectief ......................................................................... 41
Vanuit een sociaal perspectief ...................................................................................................... 41
Vanuit een industrie perspectief ................................................................................................... 41
En op persoonlijk vlak.................................................................................................................... 41
VII. Nabeschouwingen ................................................................................................................. 41
SECTION 2: STRATEGY CONTENT (dimensie 1) ...................................................................................... 45
Hoofdstuk 4: Business level strategy .................................................................................................... 46
I. Introductie ................................................................................................................................. 46
II. The issue of competitive advantage (concurrentievoordeel) ................................................... 48
Product offerings (in les enkel SV, hier uitgebreid met boek) ...................................................... 50
Value chain / Activity System ........................................................................................................ 54
Resource base................................................................................................................................ 55
Sustaining competitive advantage ................................................................................................ 56
III. Het paradox van markten en resources ................................................................................ 57
Nood aan market adaptation ........................................................................................................ 57
Nood voor resource leveraging ..................................................................................................... 57
IV. Perspectieven op business level strategy.............................................................................. 58
The outside-in perspective ............................................................................................................ 58
The inside-out perspective ............................................................................................................ 58
V. Managen v/d paradox van markten en resources .................................................................... 58
Parallel processing ......................................................................................................................... 58
Juxtaposing .................................................................................................................................... 58
VI. Business level strategy in internationaal perspectief............................................................ 58
Vanuit industrie level..................................................................................................................... 59
Vanuit persoonlijk vlak .................................................................................................................. 59
VII. Nabeschouwingen ................................................................................................................. 59
Hoofdstuk 5: Corporate level strategy .................................................................................................. 64
2
, I. Introductie ................................................................................................................................. 64
II. The issue van Corporate Configuration ..................................................................................... 66
Corporate Composition ................................................................................................................. 66
Corporate management ................................................................................................................ 70
III. Paradox van responsiveness en synergie .............................................................................. 71
Vraag naar multi-business synergy................................................................................................ 72
Vraag naar business responsiveness ............................................................................................. 73
IV. Perspectieven op corporate level strategy ........................................................................... 74
The portfolio organization perspective ......................................................................................... 74
The integrated organization perspective ...................................................................................... 74
V. Managen van de paradox/perspectieven ................................................................................. 74
Navigating ...................................................................................................................................... 74
Balancing ....................................................................................................................................... 74
Resolving........................................................................................................................................ 74
VI. Corporate level strategy in internationaal perspectief ......................................................... 75
Vanuit een industrie perpectief .................................................................................................... 75
Vanuit persoonlijk vlak .................................................................................................................. 75
VII. Nabeschouwingen ................................................................................................................. 75
VIII. Verplichte reader: Dynamics of Strategic Agility ................................................................... 76
Agility is multi-faced fenomeen .................................................................................................... 76
Strategic Agility .............................................................................................................................. 76
Hoofdstuk 6: Network Level Strategy ................................................................................................... 79
I. Introductie ................................................................................................................................. 79
II. The Issue of Inter-Organizational Relationships........................................................................ 84
Relational Actors (who) ................................................................................................................. 85
Relational Objectives ..................................................................................................................... 86
Relational Factors .......................................................................................................................... 88
Relational Arrangements............................................................................................................... 90
III. Paradox van competitie en medewerking (coöperatie) ........................................................ 91
De noodzaak van interorganisationele concurrentie .................................................................... 91
De noodzaak van interorganisationele samenwerking (coöperatie) ............................................ 91
IV. Perspectieven op network level strategy .............................................................................. 92
Discrete organization perspective ................................................................................................. 92
Embedded organization perspective............................................................................................. 92
V. Managen van de paradox/perspectieven ................................................................................. 93
Navigating ...................................................................................................................................... 93
3
, Parallel processing ......................................................................................................................... 93
Juxtaposing .................................................................................................................................... 93
VI. Network level strategy in internationaal perspectief ........................................................... 93
Vanuit een industrie perspectief ................................................................................................... 93
VII. Nabeschouwingen ................................................................................................................. 93
SECTION 3: STRATEGY PROCESS (dimensie 2) ....................................................................................... 96
Hoofdstuk 7: Strategy formation .......................................................................................................... 96
I. Introductie ................................................................................................................................. 96
II. The issue of realized strategy .................................................................................................. 101
Strategy formation activities ....................................................................................................... 101
Strategy formation roles ............................................................................................................. 105
III. Paradox van deliberate strategizing en strategy emergence .............................................. 107
De noodzaak voor ‘deliberate strategizing’................................................................................. 109
De noodzaak voor ‘strategy emergence’..................................................................................... 110
IV. Perspectieven van strategy formation ................................................................................ 110
V. Managen van de paradox/perspectieven ............................................................................... 111
Balancing ..................................................................................................................................... 111
Juxtaposing .................................................................................................................................. 112
VI. Strategy formation in internationaal perspectief ............................................................... 112
Industrie perspectief ................................................................................................................... 112
Vanuit de manager ...................................................................................................................... 112
VII. Nabeschouwingen ............................................................................................................... 112
Hoofdstuk 8: Strategic change ............................................................................................................ 115
I. Introductie ............................................................................................................................... 115
II. The Issue of strategic alignment ............................................................................................. 118
Areas of strategic change/renewal ............................................................................................. 118
Magnitude of Change .................................................................................................................. 121
Hoe wordt de verandering gerealiseerd ? kleine of grote stappen ? ......................................... 121
Pace of Change ............................................................................................................................ 122
III. Paradox van revolutie en evolutie....................................................................................... 122
IV. Perspectieven van strategic change .................................................................................... 123
V. Managen van de paradox/perspectieven ............................................................................... 123
Navigating .................................................................................................................................... 123
VI. Strategic Change in international perspective .................................................................... 123
VII. Nabeschouwingen ............................................................................................................... 124
Hoofdstuk 9: Strategic Innovation ...................................................................................................... 127
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