AP World History Unit 4 Test Study Guide 2023

Technological improvements during the 1400s - Answer- Compass, deep draft round-hold ships, and gunpowder Portugal's role in European exploration - Answer- First ones interested in exploration Items traded between N/S America & Europe in Columbian Exchange - Answer- N/S A - Potato, Tomato, Tobacco, cocoa, and corn - Europe - Fruits, coffee beans, sugar canes, and etc. - Effects of colonization on Native Americans - Answer- They died (50%), had their land stolen, and forced into slavery Mercantilism - Answer- Policy of exporting more than importing Renaissance - Answer- Rebirth; Southern & Northern; got rid of Dark Age Johannes Gutenberg - Answer- Credited for he creation of the Printing Press (Germany, 1446) Pugachev & Radishev - Answer- Pugachev: Led peasant rebellion Radishev: Noblesman against serfdom Social/economic classes in Russia - Answer- Boyars: land owning nobles, Serfdom, no merchants. Encomiendas - Answer- Grants of people (Native Americans) to Spaniards First plantation colony in the New World - Answer- Brazil Pombal - Answer- Portugal; Portuguese prime minister trying to help their economy Century when Atlantic Slave Trade was at its height - Answer- 18th century; 1700s Swahili city-state trade partners - Answer- Arabs, Indian Ocean people, South Africa Janissaries - Answer- Christian slaves; warriors Center of Safavid Empire - Answer- Present day Iran Importance of the Battle of Chaldiran - Answer- Shi'a won't spread further west Factors that led to the decline of the Safavid - Answer- Last ruler - Abbis the great - killed, blinded all his heirs except for his favorite grandson who sucked @ being a ruler Features of Din-I-Ilahi - Answer- Combines Hinduism & Islam; to reconcile people in India (didn't wor