A mood disorder characterised
by depression mania and
hyp mania
Age incidence peaks are 15 24 and 45 54
Aetiology
A Genetics There is an t risk of developing Bi
polar if a first
degree relative is diagnosed The genetic risk is known as
polygenic inheritance which is the sum effect of many
low penetrance mutations
B Environmental Negative life events and circadian
rhythm disruption in geneticallypre disposed individuals
c Neurobiological There is some evidence of t dopamine
activity in the brain be an important aetiology in
may
mania
Risk factors
Genetics Childhood maltreatment
Prenatal Toxoplasma gondii Post partum
Premature birth 132 weeks Cannabis
Clinical features
A Bipolar 1 At least one episode of mania
B Bipolar 2 No mania at least I hypomania depression
by depression mania and
hyp mania
Age incidence peaks are 15 24 and 45 54
Aetiology
A Genetics There is an t risk of developing Bi
polar if a first
degree relative is diagnosed The genetic risk is known as
polygenic inheritance which is the sum effect of many
low penetrance mutations
B Environmental Negative life events and circadian
rhythm disruption in geneticallypre disposed individuals
c Neurobiological There is some evidence of t dopamine
activity in the brain be an important aetiology in
may
mania
Risk factors
Genetics Childhood maltreatment
Prenatal Toxoplasma gondii Post partum
Premature birth 132 weeks Cannabis
Clinical features
A Bipolar 1 At least one episode of mania
B Bipolar 2 No mania at least I hypomania depression
