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Pathologic hyperplasia - Produces an abnormal proliferation of abnormal cells Free radicals may be produced by - spontaneous decay of superoxide Alcohol (ethanol) - is metabolized via the microsomal p-450 oxidase pathway Aging is associated with - increased cross-linking of collagen What organic compound facilitates transportation across cell membranes by acting as receptors, transport channels for electrolytes, and enzymes to drive active pumps? - Proteins What prevents water-soluble mole...

Difference in conduct disorder and ODD - Conduct try to control others, ODD doesnt. Conduct disorder often progresses to - Antisocial disorder This diagnosis does not include torchering animals - ODD This is a screening tool for OPIOIDs - COWS Drugs for Opioid withdrawal - Clonidine, Methdaone, Naltrexone This drug causes paranoia, hallucinations, sensory disorientation, sweating, dehydration, increased body temp - LSD What part of the brain does PTSD have an effect on - Amygdala, Prefron...

How do you measure fundal height - symphysis pubis to top of uterus When can you start to hear fetal heart tones? - around 12 wks What is quickening? - fetal movements felt by the mother When is quickening felt - between 16-20 weeks Abnormal Complaints in first trimester - 1st trimester: Vaginal bleeding Book: spotting, bleeding, cramping, painful urination, severe vomiting and/or diarrhea, fever > 100.4, symptoms of vaginal infection or STI; persistent or severe low abdominal pain, lig...

Weight changes in 1st year of life - Weight increases 6-8lbs, up to 20lbs in the 1st year of life When does the posterior fontanelle close? Anterior? - posterior- 2 months, anterior- 9-18 mo when do the abdominal muscles close? - 3 years When are the testicles descended? - usually descended at birth, but spontaneous descent may occur in the first year after birth. (usually 6 months) what do you assess for with infants musculoskeletal system? - leg fold symmetry hib abduction- no clicks O...

What is important to note when a patient has traumatic injury - If taking Blood Thinners Define delirium - Underlying acute cause, abrupt onset, hours to days, reversible, hallucinations, incoherent speech, confusion Define Dementia - Various causes, gradual change with mental status, months to years, progressive to irreversible (speech, memory, mood, judgment) An older adult with delirium would present with what type of behaviors? - Agitation and restlessness At the onset of alzheimers, w...

arbamazepine (Tegretol) can sometimes show subtherapeutic range due to what? - Carbamazepine auto-induces metabolism, leading to lower levels despite good compliance What are the black box warnings for Carbamazepine? - Dermatologic reactions 1. Steven's Johnson 2. Toxic epidermal necrolysis What lab test should be ordered for patients on Carbamazepine? - CBC every 3-4 months because it can cause decreased WBC, decreased platelets, and trouble with RBC What kind of teaching needs to be ...

What is the main component of the cell and what does it contain? - The nucleus; it contains the nucleolus What is the nucleolus composed of(4)? - RNA, Most of the cellular DNA, DNA-binding proteins, & histones What do histones do and why are they important? - They regulate DNA activity. -Histones bind to DNA and fold it into chromosomes for cell division. -DNA chain in eukaryotic cells are extensive so risk of breakage is high What are ribosomes? - RNA-protein complexes (nucleoproteins)...

How much of the cardiac output do the kidneys require? - 20-25% What causes the umbilical referred pain with kidney stones? - sensory innervation of the upper part of the ureter arising from the 10th thoracic nerve root. What are the clinical manifestations of a UTI in older adults? - confusion and poorly localized abdominal discomfort (symptoms are vague). What is pyelonephritis? - it is an infection of one or both upper urinary tracts(ureter, renal pelvis, and kidney interstitium). What...

Explain the pathophysiology associate with Type 1 and Type 2 DM. DM 1 - Is the result of an autoimmune mediated specific loss of beta cells in the pancreatic islet. One of the basic patho of type 2 DM is the development of insulin resistant tissue cells. Explain what occurs in panhypopituitarism - Panhypopituitarism is the term correctly associated with the lack of all anterior pituitary hormones. List the clinical manifestations of hypothyroidism - The individual develops a low basal metab...

The nurse prepares to assess a patient diagnosed with major depression for disturbances in circadian rhythms. Which question should the nurse ask this patient? a. Have you ever seen or heard things that others do not? b. What are your worst and best times of the day? c. How would you describe your thinking? d. Do you think your memory is failing? Answer: B The nurse is serving on a committee charged with reviewing the roles and responsibilities of the nurses on the psychiatric unit. Whic...

Activities and services - Psych services required for training Board - State board of psychology Number of hours required for licensure - 3250 hours, across 2 years supervised experience (75% by a psychologist, 2 hours for every 20 hours of experience plus other learning activities) Requirement to pass the MD exam - 75% Requirement to pass the EPPI exam - 70% (scaled score 500) recently or 73% before 2002 Two exemptions to being required to have a license in MD - 1 - Interns, fellows, psyc...

The lean ratio of an extension ladder - 4:1 According to AHERA, to complete a response action of a non-NESHAP size project, how many samples must be taken with results of what? - 5 samples taken inside with results of each <0.0 f/cc What are the notification requirements in Virginia? - 20 calendar days for any project greater than 10 sq feet or linear feet In what jurisdiction do individuals need an asbestos supervisor or working linsense - Need a license everywhere Type of bond that w...

A piece of information has been classified for five years and is scheduled for declassification next fall. However, should the information be released in the fall, it would still pose the same threat to national security. How should the OCA responsible for classifying this information change the information's classification? - Extend the information's duration of classification What are the standard markings for classified information? - Banner markings, portion markings, and a classifica...

Boar's Head deli meats is sold in many grocery stores and restaurants, while Archer Farms deli meats is owned by Target and only available there. Boar's Head is a(n) _______________ brand, while Archer Farms is a(n) _______________. captive, manufacturers' captive, private manufacturers', private manufacturers', captive none of the above - manufacturers', private A European dairy that is famous for its rich ice creams has introduced basil, tomato, fennel, and oreganoflavored ice cr...

What are the five Consumer Decision Making processes? - 1.Need Recognition 2. Information Search 3. Evaluation of alternatives 4. Purchase 5. Post-purchase behavior What is involvement? - The amount of time and effort a buyer invests in the search, evaluation, and decision processes of consumer behavior. What can affect Need Recognition? - Internal or External influences. What is internal information search? - Recalling information stored in one's memory. What is external information...

what are the three principles of medication administration? - mindfulness, supporting abilities, communication who may act as a MAP consultant? - a registered nurse, registered pharmacist, and an HCP who is an authorized prescriber what is the first thing you should do if a person refuses to take their medication? - ask them why they do not want to take it, then report that to the HCP and your supervisor How do you correct a documentation error? - draw a single line through the error, writ...

The patient's chart indicates a urine sample was collected at 1800. What time was it collected? - 6pm The hormone tested for in pregnancy tests is: - HCG Which of the following Vacutainer tubes is routinely used for hematology testing? - Lavender topped tubes A patient came to the clinic for a low grade fever of one month's duration. A part of the laboratory workup the physician ordered is an erythrocyte sedimentation (ESR). What color tube would be used for the test? - Lavender Identify...

Ethics is... - Conforming to moral standards of the right behavior or rule of conduct. The main purpose of PPE is to: - Provide employees a barrier against infection. OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration): - the law that protects you from exposure to bloodborne pathogens and other bodily fluids in the workplace. Basal State: - When the body has had adequate rest and no food for at least 12 hours. Quantitative test is one that: - Tests for the presence and amount of substance ...

Research indicates that the 2014 expansion of Medicaid has led to a number of unintended consequences including: - higher per capita spending on the expansion population than anticipated. Which of the following statements is true about the Medicaid program? - The majority of total outlays are for the elderly and disabled. One of the reasons the 2008 Oregon Experiment was so important is because it(s): - experimental design included random selection of the treatment and control groups. Whic...

The limit of resolution of the unaided human eye is ______. - 0.2 mm For the typical light microscope, the limit of resolution is ______. - 0.2 micrometers When carrying a microscope, one hand should be under the _____ of the microscope to support its weight, and one hand should be on the _____ for balance. - base arm As the power of the objective lens increases, the working distance ______. - decreases Condenser adjustments increase _______ without affecting the bulb life. - illumination ...