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A 67yo man with a hx of HTN, DM, HLD, and smoking presents to the ED. CC of persistent dizziness q1week that has become so severe he now has double vision, N/V. His wife tells you she noticed a L facial droop and slurring. Pt reports weakness in L arm and leg. He denies HA or SZ. Head CT was negative for acute bleed. Upon returning to the room he has become increasingly obtunded and difficult to arouse. You notice he now has a nystagmus and slightly dysconjugate gaze. His exam appears to be wors...

What is the key to long-term motor learning correct answers 1. designing meaningful, goal directed, therapeutic interventions that require the patient to participate and solve problems What is goal-directed physical therapy? correct answers -results in long-lasting change in the CNS -facilitates motor learning What is good therapy? correct answers -goal -meaning -functional What is cardiovascular exercise essential for? correct answers Endurance and conditioning post-stroke and brain...

what is the mainstay of acute therapy for stroke? correct answers tPA (alteplase) T/F: most patients don't arrive to the ED in time to receive tPA correct answers true what is the time window that tPA needs to be given in? correct answers within 4.5 hours of onset of symptoms what is the most disabling side effect of stroke therapy? correct answers ICH what are 2 hallmark signs of stroke? correct answers one-sided weakness and drooping face secondary prevention of stroke involves...

Differentiate between anterior cerebral artery syndrome and middle cerebral artery syndrome in terms of expected deficits. correct answers Clinical manifestations of anterior cerebral artery (ACA) syndrome include contralateral hemiparesis and sensory loss with greater involvement of the lower extremity (LE) than the upper extremity (UE) because the somatotopic organization of the medial aspect of the cortex includes the functional area for the LE. Clinical manifestations of middle cerebral a...

Intraparenchymal hemorrhage (IPH) correct answers An intraparenchymal hemorrhage is a blood clot that develops in the brain. Intraparenchymal hemorrhage is one form of intracerebral bleeding in which there is bleeding within brain parenchyma. The other form is intraventricular hemorrhage. Intraparenchymal hemorrhage accounts for approx. 8-13% of all strokes and results from a wide spectrum of disorders. It is more likely to result in death or major disability than ischemic stroke or subarachnoi...

Post stroke rehab correct answers Early, individualise Focus and specific Complex, ongoing Begins very early within acute setting with assessment from all therapy difficulties Post stroke rehab aims correct answers To help pt regain as much pre-stroke ability as possible Support them with living with their difficulties Post stroke issues that impact therapy correct answers Need to address direct effects of stroke (motor impairment) as well as preventing secondary complications Secon...

What is the leading cause of long-term disability in the US? correct answers Strokes Impacts ALL areas of function and roles What are some of the types of neural recovery? correct answers Collateral sprouting to re-innervate cells Unmask alternative neural pathways and synapses How is Neuroplasticity facilitated? correct answers Skilled tasks Effortful activities Trial repetition Evidence for stroke rehab correct answers Earlier and intense rehab leads to better outcomes What eff...

Stroke recovery: Anatomy and outcomes correct answers Anatomical influence d/t: -Recovery of ischemic penumbra via reperfusion -Resolution of cerebral edema -Neuroplasticity & rehab Better outcomes with: -Early medical care and intensive multidisciplinary rehab -Small strokes -Specialized stroke care centers Stroke rehab: Prognosis correct answers Majority gain independence with function -Poor predictor for fn: no motor return 4 weeks post (flaccidity) Post-stroke PT goals: A...

What are the core outcome measures for stroke rehab? correct answers - 6MWT - 10 M walk test - berg balance scale - functional gait assessment - activities-specific balance confidence scale - 5x sit to stand what facilities are considered subacute? correct answers IRF SAR OP HH Name some things you would do with your pt who is still acute post stroke? correct answers bed mobility transfers gait bathroom bedpan balance - sitting/standing/weight shifting - picking stuff up off ...

Stroke correct answers third most common cause of death in the U.S. and Canada leading cause of serious, long-term disability approximately 35% of individuals who have an initial stroke die within 1 year most effective way to decrease the burden of stroke is prevention risk factors can be divide into non-modifiable and modifiable risks Types of Stroke correct answers ischemia (takes a while to build up) 1. thrombotic 2. embolic hemorrhagic (happens spontaneously) 1. intracer...