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Mutation - Correct Answer a heritable (inheritable) change in the genetic material, i.e. change in nucleotide sequence. Where mutations can occur - Correct Answer anywhere on a DNA molecule. However, if a mutation occurs in protein coding region, it can alter AA sequence, structure, and function of a protein. Germline Cells - Correct Answer make gametes; reproductive cels; give rise to sperm and eggs (huntington's disease) Somatic Cells - Correct Answer everything that a Germ...

Somatic mutation - Correct Answer Extends only the life of the organism affected and all daughter cells of that mutant cell. Only autosomal (body cells) are affected -> mitosis. Germ line mutations - Correct Answer A heritable mutation, affects gametes Indeles - Correct Answer Leads to frameshift mutations (collectively insertions and deletions) Transition mutations - Correct Answer purine to purine or pyrimidine to pyrimidine. There are 4 possibilities Transvertion mutati...

What is the definition of a mutation? - Correct Answer heritable change in genetic material In what ways are mutations important in genetics? - Correct Answer a. the source of all genetic variation b. source of many diseases and disorders c. useful for probing fundamental biological processes What is the difference between a somatic mutation and a germ-line mutation? What cells are affected and how are they inherited? - Correct Answer somatic: from cell to cell. no gametic involvem...

When can mutations occur? - Correct Answer -changes in DNA structure or errors in DNA during replicate -change is inherited importance of mutations - Correct Answer -source of all genetic variation, which further provides the raw material for evolution -source of many disease and disorders -useful for probing fundamental biological processes Somatic mutation - Correct Answer -Arise in somatic cells (most of our cells) -Do not produce gametes -Daughter cells (after mitosis) will...

_____ mutations affect only the individual in which they occur; _____ mutations are passed from parent to offspring. Somatic; germ-line Germ-line; somatic Point; germ-line Somatic; point Germ-line; heritable - Correct Answer Somatic; germ-line Which of the following statements concerning cancer and mutations is CORRECT? None of the other answer options is correct. Usually, multiple mutations are required in different genes to cause cancer. Usually, a single mutation is...

Meiosis - Correct Answer The process by which egg and sperm are formed. As chromosomes pair up and separate,or cross over, this can introduce genetic variation and mutations. Independent Assortment - Correct Answer Where certain traits are separated independently to one cell and other traits to another cell Crossing Over - Correct Answer Where chromosomes exchange genetic information. Mutations - Correct Answer Any change in the DNA of an organism,Most mutations are minor.Many m...

What are the nitrogen bases found in RNA ? - Correct Answer A U G C What are the nitrogen bases found in DNA ? - Correct Answer A T G C How do the nitrogen bases pair up in RNA ? - Correct Answer A and U G and C How do the nitrogen bases pair up in DNA? - Correct Answer A and T G and C Why is the order of nitrogen bases in DNA important? - Correct Answer The order of nitrogen bases in DNA is important because it determines the order of the amino acids that make a protein ...

The trp operon in E.coli regulates genes that code for enzymes required for synthesis of the amino acid tryptophan. The trp operon is a repressible operon. When tryptophan is not available in the environment, the trp repressor protein is ______ Therefore, RNA polymerase can bind to the ________ to begin transcription. - Correct Answer 1.) inactive 2.) promoter Gene expression in eukaryotes can be requlated at various levels. Certain mutations in flies may cause them to develop an extra set...

Errors in DNA or mutations that don't get repaired, either through the mismatch-repair or through excision repair mechanisms that are present in organisms, will remain in the DNA of the cells where they arose. - Correct Answer If you accumulate multiple mutations that affect cell cycle controls -- factors that control rate of cell division/mitosis, and the cell no longer responds to normal cues for cell division, you have a cell, or group of cells that are growing out of control -- are ...

Point mutation deletion - Correct Answer A genetic mutation in which one base is omitted or left out; A change to a chromosome in which a fragment of the chromosome is removed. insertion - Correct Answer A type of point mutation involving the addition of one or more nucleotide pairs to a gene; one base is inserted or removed from the DNA sequence. The bases are still read in groups of three, but now those groupings shift in every codon that follows the mutation. inversion - Correct Ans...

Which type of mutation causes sickle cell anemia? - Correct Answer missense Based on scientific research, which statement best describes mutations? - Correct Answer Mutations are rare occurrences. Ji wants to write an example of a frameshift mutation using the following sentence: THE CAT SAW THE RAT. Which sentence best shows a frameshift mutation? - Correct Answer THC ATS AWT HER AT. Which type of mutation occurs only in gametes? - Correct Answer germline mutation Which stat...

mutation - Correct Answer change in dna sequence that affects genetic info spontaneous mutation - Correct Answer abnormalities in biological process induced mutation - Correct Answer environmental factors gene mutation - Correct Answer occurs when 1 or several nucleotides are altered in a gene point mutation - Correct Answer gene mutation occurring at a base pair in the DNA sequence substitution (a point mutation) - Correct Answer one base is substituted for another ba...

What are mutations? - Correct Answer changes in the genetic material in our cell What is a point mutation? - Correct Answer when an incorrect nucleotide is put into a DNA molecule during replication What can the change of a single nucleotide in a DNA template strand lead to? - Correct Answer the production of an abnormal protein What are the two general categories that point mutations within a gene can be divided into? - Correct Answer -nucleotide pair substitution -one or more...

Random Scanning - Correct Answer Each compromised computer probes random addresses. Permutation Scanning - Correct Answer All compromised computers shared a common pseudo-random permutation of the IP address space. Signpost Scanning - Correct Answer Uses the communication patterns of the compromised computer to find new target. Hitlist Scanning - Correct Answer A portion of a list of targets is supplied to a compromised computer. Subnet spoofing - Correct Answer Generate ra...

Pentesting Methodology - Correct Answer Footprinting, Scanning, Enumeration, Gaining Access, Escalating Privileges, Pilfering, Covering Tracks, Creating Back Doors Footprinting - Correct Answer Recon and Information gathering; Target IP discovery; Namespace acquisition; Network topology Scanning - Correct Answer Find target machine, ports, services (versions & configs); ID related vulnerabilities and focus on most promising Enumeration - Correct Answer ID valid user accounts or ...

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Truncated Data - Correct Answer Data above/below the truncation point is missing left truncated = P(x=x|x>d) = fx / Sd (condition on exceeding d, common likelihood for deductibles!!) if loss less than d, policyholder receives no reimbursement, so loss isnt reported. losses only recorded when exceeding deductible right truncation is less common, but condition on p(x<u) Censored Data - Correct Answer Exact values are unknown This is common with grouped data If left-c...

Discrete Uniform - Correct Answer a finite number of values consecutively spaced by 1, all of which are equally likely X ~ Uniform(a,b) a= smallest possible value b= largest possible value PMF of X: uniform distribution - Correct Answer Pr(X=x) = 1/ (b-a+1) E[X]: uniform distribution - Correct Answer = (a + b) / 2 Var(X): uniform distribution - Correct Answer = ((b - a + 1)^2 - 1) / 12 MGF: uniform distribution - Correct Answer = (e^at - e^(b+1)t) / (1 - e^t)(b-a+1) ...

Chapter 0 Topics mentioned in Chapter 0 that these flash cards do not cover: - Correct Answer - graphing inequalities - piecewise functions - one to one functions - limits and continuity - basic rules of differentiation - basic integration - method of substitution Chapter 0 For any two sets A and B, (A∩B)∪(A∩B') = - Correct Answer A Chapter 0 Two sets A and B are disjoint if A∩B = - Correct Answer ∅ Chapter 0 n(S) is defined to be - Correct Answer the...