PATH 1000

PATH 1000: UNIT 4 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED Intensity of pain is directly related to ... The level of tissue injury. Which three parts of the nervous system is responsible for the sensation, perception, and response to pain? Afferent pathway, interpretive center, efferent pathway. What is nociception? perception of pain What are nociceptors? pain receptors What is nociceptive pain? Pain from stimulated nociceptors. Why does pain perception differ thro...

PATH 1000 CANCER` EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS What are characteristics of the single 'wayward' cell? Uncontrolled cell proliferation and 'retro-differentiation' (increasingly undifferentiated); cells change in number, appearance, and behavior How does cancer arise? Accumulation of genetic mutations and aberrant epigenetic modifications leading to the acquisition of new phenotypic traits What is the main driver of cell proliferation? Hormones Which tumor ...

PATH 1000 UNIT 4 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED What is pain? Is an unpleasant sensory & emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage or described in terms of such damage What is nociception? The perception of pain What is pain tolerance? Decreased how? increased how? Duration of time or intensity of pain an individual will endure before displaying noticeable pain responses Repeated exposure, fatigue, anger etc. Alcohol consumptio...

PATH1000 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS 100% GUARANTEED PASS Diabetes Mellitus - abnormally high plasma glucose concentration due to inadequate insulin secretion / abnormal target cell responsiveness - types of diabetes: ↳ type 1 and type 2 diabetes ↳ gestational diabetes ↳ pre-diabetes (impaired glucose metabolism or borderline diabetes → can lead to type 2 diabetes) - contributing factors ↳ hereditary (not exclusively genetic) ↳ diet related ↳ ...

PATH 1000 UNIT 2 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GRADED A++ What is an opportunistic infection? Occur when someone's immune system is compromised Infectivity is? Ability to invade & multiply in the host Infectious process: is? six components? Cycle involves the transmission of an infectious disease from a human, animal, environment to a susceptible host Infectious agent, reservoir, portal of exit, mode of transmission, portal of entry, susceptible host What are the ...

PATH 1000 UNIT 8 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED Name some clinical manifestations of pulmonary disease Dyspnea & cough Altered breathing patterns Hyper- or hypoventilation Hemoptysis Cyanosis Chest pain Clubbing Breathing Patterns: name some abnormal breathing patterns Restricted Cheyne-stokes respiration Kussmal What is restricted breathing? Disorders that stiffen lungs or chest wall & decreased compliance What is Cheyne-stokes respiration? Alternati...

PATH 1000 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED arthropods/arachnids insects -- directly cause disease or act as vectors of other agents direct lifecycle only one host needed for complete parasitic development (from egg to adult to egg) - whip worms... eggs passed in feces of infected animal, dog eats eggs, grow in intestine and pass out again indirect lifecycle more than one host is required for parasite to develop from egg to adult to egg - adult stage infe...

PATH 1000 MIDTERM 2 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GRADED A++ Nociceptive Pain pain receptors in the PNS being stimulated by mechanical, thermal or chemical means Pain Threshold lowest intensity of pain that a person recognizes Pain Tolerance greatest intensity of pain that can be endured Acute Pain protective mechanism and sudden onset. Warning of an actual or impending tissue injury - Presents as increased HR, HTN, diaphoresis and anxiety Somatic Pain occurs in...

PATH 1000 UNIT 1 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GRADED A++ Define pathology Study of changes in cells & tissues as a result of injury or disease Define physiology Mechanisms of human body functioning Define homeostasis Tendency for a system to remain in a relatively stable equilibrium Pathophysiology is what? examines? refers to? The study of underlying changes in body physiology that result from a disorder or disease Signs & symptoms Alterations in structure & func...

PATH1000 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED Define and describe S&S of pulmonary disease Dyspnea: Breathing discomfort with an attempt to INCREASE respiratory effort (aka SOB, breathlessness) - 3 Severe signs of dyspnea 1. Flaring of nostrils 2. use of accessory muscles 3. Retraction of intercostal space Cough: body's way of responding when something irritates your throat or airways Define and differentiate between hypoxemia and hypoxia Hypoxemia: Dec...

PATH1000 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED Cardiac cycle Sequential contraction and relaxation of heart chambers. Diastole Phase when ventricles fill with blood. Systole Phase when ventricles pump blood out. Atrial systole Blood pumped into ventricles from atria. Isovolumetric ventricular contraction Ventricular volume remains constant during contraction. Ejection phase Ventricles eject blood into circulation. Isovolumetric ventricular relaxation Ven...

PATH1000 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS Motility Movement of food via peristalsis and churning. Secretion Release of digestive juices and enzymes. Digestion Breakdown of food into absorbable molecules. Absorption Transfer of nutrients into blood or lymph. Salivary Secretions Volume 1 to 1.5 liters of saliva daily. Saliva Composition 99.5% water, electrolytes, and digestive enzymes. Saliva Control Regulated by the autonomic nervous system. Parietal Cells Secret...

PATH 1000 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS What is pulmonary disease? Type of disease that affects the lungs and other associated parts of the respiratory system. Describe pulmonary disease Acute, obstructive, chronic or infectious/non-infectious Pulmonary disease can be associated with other organs - True or False True - the heart in particular Signs and symptoms of pulmonary disease (8) -Dyspnea -Cough -Sputum -Pain -Cyanosis -Clubbing -Hemopysis -Abnorma...

PATH1000: FINALS EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED Restricted breathing pattern Disorders that stiffen the lungs or chest wall and decreases compliance Cheyne-Stokes Respiration Alternating periods of deep and shallow breathing; apnea lasting 15-60 seconds, followed by ventilations that increase in volume until a peak is reached, after which ventilation decreases again to apnea Kussmal Breathing pattern - increased rate of tidal volume, no expiratory pause - caus...

PATH 1000 MT EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED 8 functions of a cell movement, conductivity, metabolic absorption, secretion, excretion, respiration, reproduction, communication Movement Muscle to bone causes movement- skeletal, heart, involuntary Secretion mucus membranes Conduction respond to stimulus Metabolic absorption all cells take in and use nutrients Communication electrical and chemical Respiration all cells absorb co2 and o2 Reproduction tis...

PATH1000 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS VERIFIED LATEST UPDATE define bronchiectasis chronic condition where walls of bronchi are thickend from inflammation and infection n what form of it do both constrictions and dilations deform the bronchi? persistent dilation of bronchi, enlargement of parts of airway. can be caused by infection also individuals with cystic fibrosis Pneumothorax air or gas in pleural space latrogenic pneumothorax caused by medical treatments, especially transthoracic ne...

PATH 1000 EXAM QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE atrophy (n.) the wasting away of a body organ or tissue; any progressive decline or failure; (v.) to waste away hypertrophy increase in muscle size Hyperplasia the enlargement of an organ or tissue because of an abnormal increase in the number of cells in the tissues Metaplasia changing from one type of mature tissue to another Dyplasia abnormal development nercrosis pathologic death of cells or tissue Apoptosis process o...

PATH 1000 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED Pathophysiology: Interdependence Anatomy = structure - how body is put together Physiology = function - how components work together Pathophysiology the study of alteration in the structure and function of: - cells - tissues - organs caused by injury or disease Disease functional impairment of: - cells - tissues - organs & organ systems Pathogenesis origination and development at the point of the disease onse...