NR 509 Bates / midterm Questions and
Answers Rated A
Preauricular nodes - answer-in front of the ear
Posterior auricular node - answer-superficial to the mastoid process (behind the
ear)
Occipital node - answer-at the base of the skull posteriorly
Tonsillar node - answer-at the angle of the mandible
Submandibular node - answer-midway between the angle and the tip of the
mandible. These nodes are usually smaller and smoother than the lobulated
subman-dibular gland against which they lie
Submental nodes - answer-in the midline a few centi-meters behind the tip of the
mandible
Superficial cervical nodes - answer-superficial to the sternocleidomastoid.
,Weber test - answer-Failed whisper test = Tuning fork test - conductive or
neurosensory in origin; 256hertz or 512 hertz; Set into light vibration by hitting it
gently; Test for lateralization; Place the base of the tuning fork onto the head. Is
the sound louder in one ear or same in both ears? Normally will be heard equally
on both sides
Rinne test - answer-air and bone conduction; Lightly vibrating tuning fork on the
mastoid bone behind the ear and level with canal; Patient indicates that the
sound is no longer heard, quickly place the fork ear ear canal and ask if it can be
heard; U of the fork should face forward; Sound heard longer through air vs bone
Nose - answer-Upper ⅓ of nose is supported by bone, ⅔ supported by cartilage;
Bridge, tip and ala nasi; Air enters the nasal cavity by the anterior nares, passing
on either side through widened areas known as vestibules
Nasal septum - answer-forms the medial wall of each nasal passage; Supported by
both bone and cartilage; Medial wall is covered by mucous membrane well
supplied with blood
Vestibule - answer-lined with hair bearing skin vs mucosa; Air enters through the
vestibules and through the narrow nasal passages to the nasopharynx
turbinate - answer-curvy bony structures covered by a highly vascular mucous
membrane; Below each of these is a groove, or meatus, reached named according
to turbinate above it; Draining into the inferior meatus is the nasolacrimal duct
Middle meatus - answer-drain most of the paranasal sinuses - opening not visible
,Paranasal sinuses - answer-are air filled cavities located within the bones of the
skull and lined with mucous membrane; Only frontal and maxillary sinus are
readily accessible to physical examination
examination of anterior and posterior nose - answer-Note deformity, asymmetry;
Test for nasal obstruction by pressing on each ala nasi and asking patient to
breathe in; Press gentle on tip of nose and shine light into vestibule to get a view;
Otoscope with largest cap; Insert into nose gently; Note color and condition or
nasal mucosa that covers septum and the middle and inferior turbinates;
Normally redder than oral mucosa No swelling, exudates, or bleeding; Note any
deviation, inflammation or perforation of the nasal septum, polyps (allergies) or
ulcerations (cocaine)
conclusion of nasal examination - answer-Palpate for sinus tenderness; Pressure
on frontal sinuses ear eyebrows; Press up on maxillary sinuses
lips - answer-muscular folds surrounding the openings to the mouth
mouth - answer-open, gingiva/gums and teeth become visible
gingiva - answer-firmly attached to the teeth and the maxilla or mandible in which
they are seated; Note scalloped shape of the gingival margin and the pointed
interdental papillae; Light skin people - gingiva Pale or coral pink and lightly
stippled; Darker skinned people - gingiva may be diffusely or partly brown
Labial frenulum - answer-connects each lip with the gingvia; Adjacent to this is the
alveolar mucosa - merges with labial mucosa of the lip
, Teeth - answer-composed of dentin; Lies rooted in bone socket With only
enameled covered crown visible; A shallow gingival sulcus between the gums thin
margin and each tooth is not easily visible; Small blood vessels and nerves enters
each tooth through apex and passes through the pulp canal and chamber
tongue - answer-Dorsal of part of this is covered in papillae, giving it a rough
surface; Look like red dots; Contrast with thin white coat that covers the tongue;
Under this has no papillae
Lingual frenulum - answer-connected tongue to floor or mouth
base of tongue - answer-ducts of the submandibular gland (whartons ducts)
parotid ducts - answer-empties into mouth by upper second molar - small papillae
marks location
Buccal mucosa - answer-lines the cheek
pillars - answer-above and behind the tongue, rises an arch that is formed by the
posterior pillar, the anterior pillar, the soft palate and uvula; Between the pillars =
tonsils
pharynx - answer-between the soft palate and tongue
hard palate - answer-forms the roof of the mouth
Answers Rated A
Preauricular nodes - answer-in front of the ear
Posterior auricular node - answer-superficial to the mastoid process (behind the
ear)
Occipital node - answer-at the base of the skull posteriorly
Tonsillar node - answer-at the angle of the mandible
Submandibular node - answer-midway between the angle and the tip of the
mandible. These nodes are usually smaller and smoother than the lobulated
subman-dibular gland against which they lie
Submental nodes - answer-in the midline a few centi-meters behind the tip of the
mandible
Superficial cervical nodes - answer-superficial to the sternocleidomastoid.
,Weber test - answer-Failed whisper test = Tuning fork test - conductive or
neurosensory in origin; 256hertz or 512 hertz; Set into light vibration by hitting it
gently; Test for lateralization; Place the base of the tuning fork onto the head. Is
the sound louder in one ear or same in both ears? Normally will be heard equally
on both sides
Rinne test - answer-air and bone conduction; Lightly vibrating tuning fork on the
mastoid bone behind the ear and level with canal; Patient indicates that the
sound is no longer heard, quickly place the fork ear ear canal and ask if it can be
heard; U of the fork should face forward; Sound heard longer through air vs bone
Nose - answer-Upper ⅓ of nose is supported by bone, ⅔ supported by cartilage;
Bridge, tip and ala nasi; Air enters the nasal cavity by the anterior nares, passing
on either side through widened areas known as vestibules
Nasal septum - answer-forms the medial wall of each nasal passage; Supported by
both bone and cartilage; Medial wall is covered by mucous membrane well
supplied with blood
Vestibule - answer-lined with hair bearing skin vs mucosa; Air enters through the
vestibules and through the narrow nasal passages to the nasopharynx
turbinate - answer-curvy bony structures covered by a highly vascular mucous
membrane; Below each of these is a groove, or meatus, reached named according
to turbinate above it; Draining into the inferior meatus is the nasolacrimal duct
Middle meatus - answer-drain most of the paranasal sinuses - opening not visible
,Paranasal sinuses - answer-are air filled cavities located within the bones of the
skull and lined with mucous membrane; Only frontal and maxillary sinus are
readily accessible to physical examination
examination of anterior and posterior nose - answer-Note deformity, asymmetry;
Test for nasal obstruction by pressing on each ala nasi and asking patient to
breathe in; Press gentle on tip of nose and shine light into vestibule to get a view;
Otoscope with largest cap; Insert into nose gently; Note color and condition or
nasal mucosa that covers septum and the middle and inferior turbinates;
Normally redder than oral mucosa No swelling, exudates, or bleeding; Note any
deviation, inflammation or perforation of the nasal septum, polyps (allergies) or
ulcerations (cocaine)
conclusion of nasal examination - answer-Palpate for sinus tenderness; Pressure
on frontal sinuses ear eyebrows; Press up on maxillary sinuses
lips - answer-muscular folds surrounding the openings to the mouth
mouth - answer-open, gingiva/gums and teeth become visible
gingiva - answer-firmly attached to the teeth and the maxilla or mandible in which
they are seated; Note scalloped shape of the gingival margin and the pointed
interdental papillae; Light skin people - gingiva Pale or coral pink and lightly
stippled; Darker skinned people - gingiva may be diffusely or partly brown
Labial frenulum - answer-connects each lip with the gingvia; Adjacent to this is the
alveolar mucosa - merges with labial mucosa of the lip
, Teeth - answer-composed of dentin; Lies rooted in bone socket With only
enameled covered crown visible; A shallow gingival sulcus between the gums thin
margin and each tooth is not easily visible; Small blood vessels and nerves enters
each tooth through apex and passes through the pulp canal and chamber
tongue - answer-Dorsal of part of this is covered in papillae, giving it a rough
surface; Look like red dots; Contrast with thin white coat that covers the tongue;
Under this has no papillae
Lingual frenulum - answer-connected tongue to floor or mouth
base of tongue - answer-ducts of the submandibular gland (whartons ducts)
parotid ducts - answer-empties into mouth by upper second molar - small papillae
marks location
Buccal mucosa - answer-lines the cheek
pillars - answer-above and behind the tongue, rises an arch that is formed by the
posterior pillar, the anterior pillar, the soft palate and uvula; Between the pillars =
tonsils
pharynx - answer-between the soft palate and tongue
hard palate - answer-forms the roof of the mouth
