NURS 341 FINAL EXAM – Questions With Definite
Solutions
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Sherpath: Diabetes Mellitus Chapter 21 Test Case Study 4 (Short
30 terms 24 terms 22 terms
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Practice questions for this set
Learn 1 /7 Study using Learn
Non-cancerous
-Does not invade nearby tissue
-Typically, does not grow back when removed
-Cells are differentiated
- They typically do not have negative effects; however, it can cause harm by compressing
nerves
Choose an answer
1 Benign 2 Fluid Compartments
3 IV solutions levels 4 Fluid shifts
Don't know?
Terms in this set (114)
Fluid Compartments Intracellular fluid (ICF)
Extracellular fluid (ECF)
Interstitial
Intravascular
Transcellular
Osmotic Pressure Amount of pressure required to stop osmotic flow of water
Determined by concentration of solutes in solution
, Fluid Tonicity Isotonic, hypotonic, hypertonic
Amount of direction of movement capillary hydrostatic pressure
determined by Plasma oncotic pressure
Interstitial hydrostatic pressure
Interstitial oncotic pressure
Fluid shifts Plasma-to-interstitial fluid shift results in edema
Interstitial fluid to plasma decreases edema
Fluid Spacing: First Spacing normal distribution
Fluid spacing: Second Spacing abnormal (edema)
Fluid spacing: Third Spacing Fluid accumulation in part of body where it is not easily
exchanged with ECF
Organs involved in fluid balance Kidneys, Heart, Liver, Adrenal and pituitary glands, nervous
system
Regulation of water balance Insensible water loss
Invisible vaporization from lungs and skin
loss of approximately 600 mL - 900 mL daily
No electrolyte loss
Fluid and electrolytes imbalance is directly illness or disease (burns or heart failure)
caused by Result of therapeutic measures (IV fluid replacement or
diuretics)
Nursing Management of Fluids - I&O
- monitor cardiovascular changes
- Assess respiratory changes
- Neurologic changes
- Daily weights
- Skin assessment
Always start with assessment > Vitals, neuro, cardiac,
respiratory, I&O, daily weight
ABC focus: correct breathing/oxygenation first, then
circulation
Monitor ECG for K+, Ca2+, MG2+ changes
Treat UNDERLYING CAUSE after stabilization
IV solutions levels Isotonic (0.9% NS, LR > expand ECF, treat hypovolemia)
Hypotonic (0.45% NS > rehydrate cells) CEREBRAL EDEMA
RISK
Hypertonic: (3% NS, D5NS > pull fluid into vasculature, treat
hyponatremia, cerebral edema)
TOO MUCH sodium (135-145 mEq/L) -- Sodium = Na
Hypernatremia
Water loss or Na gain > thirst, confusion, seizures, ANGRY
GIVE: Oral/IV free water (D5W, 0.45% NS), diuretics if excess
Na.
Solutions
Save
Students also studied
Sherpath: Diabetes Mellitus Chapter 21 Test Case Study 4 (Short
30 terms 24 terms 22 terms
jesssbee Preview kenanderson2017 Preview Brittany182
Practice questions for this set
Learn 1 /7 Study using Learn
Non-cancerous
-Does not invade nearby tissue
-Typically, does not grow back when removed
-Cells are differentiated
- They typically do not have negative effects; however, it can cause harm by compressing
nerves
Choose an answer
1 Benign 2 Fluid Compartments
3 IV solutions levels 4 Fluid shifts
Don't know?
Terms in this set (114)
Fluid Compartments Intracellular fluid (ICF)
Extracellular fluid (ECF)
Interstitial
Intravascular
Transcellular
Osmotic Pressure Amount of pressure required to stop osmotic flow of water
Determined by concentration of solutes in solution
, Fluid Tonicity Isotonic, hypotonic, hypertonic
Amount of direction of movement capillary hydrostatic pressure
determined by Plasma oncotic pressure
Interstitial hydrostatic pressure
Interstitial oncotic pressure
Fluid shifts Plasma-to-interstitial fluid shift results in edema
Interstitial fluid to plasma decreases edema
Fluid Spacing: First Spacing normal distribution
Fluid spacing: Second Spacing abnormal (edema)
Fluid spacing: Third Spacing Fluid accumulation in part of body where it is not easily
exchanged with ECF
Organs involved in fluid balance Kidneys, Heart, Liver, Adrenal and pituitary glands, nervous
system
Regulation of water balance Insensible water loss
Invisible vaporization from lungs and skin
loss of approximately 600 mL - 900 mL daily
No electrolyte loss
Fluid and electrolytes imbalance is directly illness or disease (burns or heart failure)
caused by Result of therapeutic measures (IV fluid replacement or
diuretics)
Nursing Management of Fluids - I&O
- monitor cardiovascular changes
- Assess respiratory changes
- Neurologic changes
- Daily weights
- Skin assessment
Always start with assessment > Vitals, neuro, cardiac,
respiratory, I&O, daily weight
ABC focus: correct breathing/oxygenation first, then
circulation
Monitor ECG for K+, Ca2+, MG2+ changes
Treat UNDERLYING CAUSE after stabilization
IV solutions levels Isotonic (0.9% NS, LR > expand ECF, treat hypovolemia)
Hypotonic (0.45% NS > rehydrate cells) CEREBRAL EDEMA
RISK
Hypertonic: (3% NS, D5NS > pull fluid into vasculature, treat
hyponatremia, cerebral edema)
TOO MUCH sodium (135-145 mEq/L) -- Sodium = Na
Hypernatremia
Water loss or Na gain > thirst, confusion, seizures, ANGRY
GIVE: Oral/IV free water (D5W, 0.45% NS), diuretics if excess
Na.
