Peds Module 6
Topics: Please read the topics from chapters 41 to prepare for lecture.
• Pg. 1350-1359
• Cardiac Catheterization
• Congenital Heart Defects (CHD)
o Disorders with Decreased Pulmonary Blood Flow
▪ Tetralogy of Fallot (ToF)
, Peds Module 6
o Disorders with Increased Pulmonary Blood Flow
▪ Atrial Septal Defect (ASD)
▪ Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD)
▪ Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA)
o Obstructive Disorders
▪ Coarctation of the Aorta (CoA)
o Mixed Defects
▪ Transposition of the Great Arteries (TGA)
o Nursing Management of the Child with a Congenital Heart Defect
• Acquired Cardiovascular Disorders
o Heart Failure
o Acute Rheumatic Fever
o Kawasaki Disease
• Heart Transplantation
CHAPTER 41
1. What are the two major categories of cardiac defects and what are the differences?
1. Congenital Heart Disease (CHD)
• Structural anomalies present at birth
• Often genetic or associated with syndromes
• May lead to heart failure
2. Acquired Heart Disease
• Occurs after birth
• Can be complications of CHD or other conditions
• Includes heart failure, rheumatic fever, Kawasaki disease
2. What causes the closure of the ductus arteriosus?
Occurs after the first breath due to increased oxygen and decreased prostaglandins.
3. What are 5 differences in the pediatric anatomy and physiology of the cardiac system compared to
an adult?
1. Heart lies more horizontally
2. Apex is higher in the chest
3. Smaller heart size
4. Lower BP due to smaller vessels
5. Innocent murmurs common in infancy
Revised: 1/6/2025
Topics: Please read the topics from chapters 41 to prepare for lecture.
• Pg. 1350-1359
• Cardiac Catheterization
• Congenital Heart Defects (CHD)
o Disorders with Decreased Pulmonary Blood Flow
▪ Tetralogy of Fallot (ToF)
, Peds Module 6
o Disorders with Increased Pulmonary Blood Flow
▪ Atrial Septal Defect (ASD)
▪ Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD)
▪ Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA)
o Obstructive Disorders
▪ Coarctation of the Aorta (CoA)
o Mixed Defects
▪ Transposition of the Great Arteries (TGA)
o Nursing Management of the Child with a Congenital Heart Defect
• Acquired Cardiovascular Disorders
o Heart Failure
o Acute Rheumatic Fever
o Kawasaki Disease
• Heart Transplantation
CHAPTER 41
1. What are the two major categories of cardiac defects and what are the differences?
1. Congenital Heart Disease (CHD)
• Structural anomalies present at birth
• Often genetic or associated with syndromes
• May lead to heart failure
2. Acquired Heart Disease
• Occurs after birth
• Can be complications of CHD or other conditions
• Includes heart failure, rheumatic fever, Kawasaki disease
2. What causes the closure of the ductus arteriosus?
Occurs after the first breath due to increased oxygen and decreased prostaglandins.
3. What are 5 differences in the pediatric anatomy and physiology of the cardiac system compared to
an adult?
1. Heart lies more horizontally
2. Apex is higher in the chest
3. Smaller heart size
4. Lower BP due to smaller vessels
5. Innocent murmurs common in infancy
Revised: 1/6/2025
