NSD 225: Exam 2
Amino Acid (AA) - Answer-- The building blocks of protein
Compounds composed of C, H, O, and N
Conditionally Essential AA - Answer-Sometimes certain nonessential amino acids can become essential
(e.g. critical illness, when other amino acids are lacking)
ex: Phenylketonuria: people with PKU lack the enzyme to convert it
Peptide Bond - Answer-bond that connects one amino acid to another, forming a link in a protein chain
Essential AA - Answer-Others cannot be made at all (or cannot be made quickly enough) so we need to
get these amino acids from our diet.
9
Denaturation - Answer-Results in alteration of the protein's three-dimensional structure
- Disruption of stability
- Uncoil and lose shape
- Stomach is important because: Stomach acid
, Bioavailability - Answer-the extent to which the body can absorb and use a nutrient
Non-essential AA - Answer-- The body can make some amino acids from fragments of CHO or fat to form
the backbones and nitrogen from other sources to form the amine groups
11
Complementary Proteins - Answer-incomplete proteins use complementary proteins
Dehydration - Answer-a state that occurs when not enough water is present to meet the body's needs
Bioaccumulation - Answer-The process by which compounds accumulate or build up within an organism
faster than they can be broken down or excreted
What makes amino acids different from carbs and lipids? - Answer-They have nitrogen
What determines the shape and function of proteins? - Answer-Order of amino acids determines the
shape, the shape (coiled/folding) determines the function
What denatures protein? - Answer-Heat/acid/alkaline/enzymes
Where does digestion begin for protein? - Answer-In the mouth
Where does the majority of protein digestion take place? - Answer-Small intestine
What is the significance of stomach acid for protein digestion? - Answer-it denatures the protein
Amino Acid (AA) - Answer-- The building blocks of protein
Compounds composed of C, H, O, and N
Conditionally Essential AA - Answer-Sometimes certain nonessential amino acids can become essential
(e.g. critical illness, when other amino acids are lacking)
ex: Phenylketonuria: people with PKU lack the enzyme to convert it
Peptide Bond - Answer-bond that connects one amino acid to another, forming a link in a protein chain
Essential AA - Answer-Others cannot be made at all (or cannot be made quickly enough) so we need to
get these amino acids from our diet.
9
Denaturation - Answer-Results in alteration of the protein's three-dimensional structure
- Disruption of stability
- Uncoil and lose shape
- Stomach is important because: Stomach acid
, Bioavailability - Answer-the extent to which the body can absorb and use a nutrient
Non-essential AA - Answer-- The body can make some amino acids from fragments of CHO or fat to form
the backbones and nitrogen from other sources to form the amine groups
11
Complementary Proteins - Answer-incomplete proteins use complementary proteins
Dehydration - Answer-a state that occurs when not enough water is present to meet the body's needs
Bioaccumulation - Answer-The process by which compounds accumulate or build up within an organism
faster than they can be broken down or excreted
What makes amino acids different from carbs and lipids? - Answer-They have nitrogen
What determines the shape and function of proteins? - Answer-Order of amino acids determines the
shape, the shape (coiled/folding) determines the function
What denatures protein? - Answer-Heat/acid/alkaline/enzymes
Where does digestion begin for protein? - Answer-In the mouth
Where does the majority of protein digestion take place? - Answer-Small intestine
What is the significance of stomach acid for protein digestion? - Answer-it denatures the protein
