QUESTIONS GRADED A+
⫸ Which statement represents a "types" approach to describing
personality? Answer: It uses qualitative groupings to categorize
people with similar personality characteristics.
⫸ What does validity refer to in a research study? Answer: Whether a
research study assesses the intended outcomes
⫸ What does a correlational study examine? Answer: The potential
relationship between factors
⫸ Which is a characteristic of the scientific culture of psychology?
Answer: Laboratory research setting
⫸ Which is an example of a cognitive component that affects
personality dynamics? Answer: How people label experiences
⫸ Which is an example of how culture affects personality? Answer:
Individualism is related to more extraverted behaviors.
⫸ What does the criterion of verifiability emphasize in evaluating a
theory? Answer: The precision and testability of its constructs through
scientific methods.
, ⫸ Which question corresponds to the experiential approach to
personality development? Answer: Can personality change in
adulthood?
⫸ What do psychoanalytic theorists emphasize as critical for
personality development? Answer: Experiences during preschool
years
⫸ Which issue is related to personality development? Answer: How
personality is influenced by heredity
⫸ What is a component of personality? Answer: Long-standing traits
⫸ What plays a major role in personality dynamics according to
modern personality theory? Answer: Cognitive processes and cultural
influences
⫸ Which characteristic is associated with experimentation as a
method for personality research? Answer: It puts hypothesized cause-
and-effect relationships to a direct test.
⫸ What is the purpose of dream interpretation in Jung's theory?
Answer: To communicate with the personal unconscious
⫸ Which theory claims the ego develops throughout a person's
lifetime? Answer: Psychosocial development