NSD 225 EXAM 2 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
What is cholesterol? - Correct Answers -Fat soluble complex alcohol
- Found only in animal tissue
- Cholesterol is not essential (you make it in liver)
Functions of cholesterol - Correct Answers -- Sex hormones
- Bile acids/salts
- Vitamin D
- Part of cell membrane
Cholesterol and heart disease - Correct Answers -- Cadiovascular disease
- Atherosclerosis - Artery is completely blocked
- Brain attack - Stroke
Risk factors linked to coronary heart disease - Correct Answers -- High blood pressure,
physical inactivity, heredity, gender (men), obesity, elevation is plasma liquids (esp
serum cholesterol), heavy cigarette smoking
How many calories in 1lb of fat? - Correct Answers -3500
Dietary modification can decrease/eliminate 3 risk factors: - Correct Answers -- Serum
cholesterol levels
- Obesity
- Hypertension
HDL vs LDL - Correct Answers -HDL: reduces risk of coronary heart disease, carries
cholesterol to be processed in liver
LDL: increase risk of CHD, deposits cholesterol in arteries
Dietary requirements for cholesterol - Correct Answers -Less than 300mg per day, no
more than 30% of kcal from fat
Homocysteine - Correct Answers -- High blood levels of this increase risk of heart
disease
- Foods high in vit B-6, B-12 and folic acid help
- Coffee decreases homocysteine
, - Homocysteine is not just marker but also cause of health problems (makes arteries
more susceptible to damange by increasing stickiness of blood platelets)
Fat soluble vitamins - Correct Answers -A, D, E and K (don't lose in cooking oil)
2 forms of vitamin A - Correct Answers -- Active preformed in animal food sources
- Inactive in plants (Carotene converted to vit A in intestinal oil)
Does high protein stimulate large weight loss? - Correct Answers -No, it has the same
effect as low protein
Why can't you use RDA for athletes? - Correct Answers -They are not average: more
muscle, expend more energy
SCAN - Correct Answers -Sports and cardiovascular nutrition practice group
Carbo-loading - Correct Answers -Increasing carbs stored as glycogen, useful if activity
lasts longer than 60 min.
Ex. Marathon, cross country, ultra triathlons
Functions of vitamin A - Correct Answers -- Growth
- Too little may affect vision = night blindess/visual purple
- Normal reproduction
- Cells that line nose/mouth
- 1/6 of carotene can be used as vit A, enough stored in liver to last one yea
Vit A deficiency - Correct Answers -- Absorption decreases by disease
- Eye growths: Xerothalmya (drying of eyeball)
- Permanent skin bumps
Vitamin toxicity from Vit A - Correct Answers -- Headaches, hair falls out, bone & joint
pain, skin lesions
- Carotene: skin turns yellow
Sources of vitamin A - Correct Answers -Eggs, liver, butter, milk
- There is no vit A in plants, only beta carotene
Vitamin D - Correct Answers -- From sun
- Steroid converted to hormone, not dietary requirement
- 20 different forms - most useful to us is sunlight
Vit D function - Correct Answers -Calcify bones
Vit D deficiency - Correct Answers -- Caused by diet or long periods out of the sun
- Rekitic rosary: bumps on bones (rickets)
- Bones aren't strong enough to support (mostly in children)
ANSWERS
What is cholesterol? - Correct Answers -Fat soluble complex alcohol
- Found only in animal tissue
- Cholesterol is not essential (you make it in liver)
Functions of cholesterol - Correct Answers -- Sex hormones
- Bile acids/salts
- Vitamin D
- Part of cell membrane
Cholesterol and heart disease - Correct Answers -- Cadiovascular disease
- Atherosclerosis - Artery is completely blocked
- Brain attack - Stroke
Risk factors linked to coronary heart disease - Correct Answers -- High blood pressure,
physical inactivity, heredity, gender (men), obesity, elevation is plasma liquids (esp
serum cholesterol), heavy cigarette smoking
How many calories in 1lb of fat? - Correct Answers -3500
Dietary modification can decrease/eliminate 3 risk factors: - Correct Answers -- Serum
cholesterol levels
- Obesity
- Hypertension
HDL vs LDL - Correct Answers -HDL: reduces risk of coronary heart disease, carries
cholesterol to be processed in liver
LDL: increase risk of CHD, deposits cholesterol in arteries
Dietary requirements for cholesterol - Correct Answers -Less than 300mg per day, no
more than 30% of kcal from fat
Homocysteine - Correct Answers -- High blood levels of this increase risk of heart
disease
- Foods high in vit B-6, B-12 and folic acid help
- Coffee decreases homocysteine
, - Homocysteine is not just marker but also cause of health problems (makes arteries
more susceptible to damange by increasing stickiness of blood platelets)
Fat soluble vitamins - Correct Answers -A, D, E and K (don't lose in cooking oil)
2 forms of vitamin A - Correct Answers -- Active preformed in animal food sources
- Inactive in plants (Carotene converted to vit A in intestinal oil)
Does high protein stimulate large weight loss? - Correct Answers -No, it has the same
effect as low protein
Why can't you use RDA for athletes? - Correct Answers -They are not average: more
muscle, expend more energy
SCAN - Correct Answers -Sports and cardiovascular nutrition practice group
Carbo-loading - Correct Answers -Increasing carbs stored as glycogen, useful if activity
lasts longer than 60 min.
Ex. Marathon, cross country, ultra triathlons
Functions of vitamin A - Correct Answers -- Growth
- Too little may affect vision = night blindess/visual purple
- Normal reproduction
- Cells that line nose/mouth
- 1/6 of carotene can be used as vit A, enough stored in liver to last one yea
Vit A deficiency - Correct Answers -- Absorption decreases by disease
- Eye growths: Xerothalmya (drying of eyeball)
- Permanent skin bumps
Vitamin toxicity from Vit A - Correct Answers -- Headaches, hair falls out, bone & joint
pain, skin lesions
- Carotene: skin turns yellow
Sources of vitamin A - Correct Answers -Eggs, liver, butter, milk
- There is no vit A in plants, only beta carotene
Vitamin D - Correct Answers -- From sun
- Steroid converted to hormone, not dietary requirement
- 20 different forms - most useful to us is sunlight
Vit D function - Correct Answers -Calcify bones
Vit D deficiency - Correct Answers -- Caused by diet or long periods out of the sun
- Rekitic rosary: bumps on bones (rickets)
- Bones aren't strong enough to support (mostly in children)
