TEXAS STR Certification Exam Questions
and Answers (Detailed & Elaborated) fully
solved 2025 updated A+
Culturally Responsive Instructional Practices
This refers to practices that recognize and incorporate the assets
and strengths all students bring to the classroom and ensure that
learning experiences are relevant to all students.
Assets-Based Teaching Approach
This refers to viewing diversity of thought, culture, and traits as a
positive asset as students are valued for what they bring to the
classroom rather than being characterized by what they are
lacking.
Phonemes
The specific units of sounds in a language that distinguish one
word from another (e.g., "b" and "t"
in "bat" and "tab")
Morphemes
The smallest unit of meaning in a language (e.g., "ed" changes a
word to past tense)
Decoding
The ability to use letter-sound relationships to correctly sound-out
and pronounce written words.
Discourse
Written or spoken communication or debate (e.g., talk and
conversation)
Language Demands
The tools (vocabulary, syntax, discourse) students use to
participate in the content they are learning
Deep Orthography
,This phrase refers to a spelling system that is more difficult to
decode because there is not a direct correlation between the
letters and sounds in the language.
Shallow Orthography
This phrase refers to a spelling system that is easier to decode
because there is a direct correlation between. the letters and
sounds in the language.
Emergent Literacy
The term used to explain a child's knowledge of reading and
writing skills before they learn to read and write (e.g., recognizing
a stop sign, cereal box).
Phonological Awareness
the ability to hear and manipulate all units of sound including
words, syllables, onset, rimes, and phonemes in spoken
language.
Pragmatics
The practical rules that guide our use of language in social
contexts
Morphology
the study of the structure of words and how meaningful units are
combined in text (e.g., prefixes, suffixes, root words).
Transitional Bilingual Education
A program in which two languages are used to provide content
instruction. Over time, use of the native language is decreased
and use of English is increased until only English is used for
instruction.
Sheltered Instruction
An approach to teaching English language learners that
integrates language and content instruction.
BICS (Basic Interpersonal Communication Skills)
Development of fluency in conversations - social language
, CALP (Cognitive Academic Language Proficiency)
Development of content and subject area language.
Comprehensible Input
The part of a language that is understood by listeners when
learning a second language
Language Acquisition vs. Language Learning
Acquiring language through subconscious processes vs. learning
a language through direct instruction.
Receptive Language
The ability to understand words and language
Phonology
The study of sounds, their patterns and meanings and the way
they combine to form words and language.
Semantics
The study of meaning in words, phrases, sentences, or text
Repetition and Practice
A teaching strategy that helps bring skill knowledge from
conscious to subconscious.
Oral Language Rehearsal
A strategy that gives students the opportunity to 'write aloud'
before they begin a written language assignment; provides time
for them to rehearse how written forms differ from spoken forms
Language Systems
Interdependent structures or systems that support the language
foundation necessary for reading
Orthographic Mapping
The process of matching letters and letter sequences with sounds
in a word, and storing those words for future use; necessary for
spelling, pronouncing words correctly, and developing sight words
and vocabulary.
Frontal Lobe
and Answers (Detailed & Elaborated) fully
solved 2025 updated A+
Culturally Responsive Instructional Practices
This refers to practices that recognize and incorporate the assets
and strengths all students bring to the classroom and ensure that
learning experiences are relevant to all students.
Assets-Based Teaching Approach
This refers to viewing diversity of thought, culture, and traits as a
positive asset as students are valued for what they bring to the
classroom rather than being characterized by what they are
lacking.
Phonemes
The specific units of sounds in a language that distinguish one
word from another (e.g., "b" and "t"
in "bat" and "tab")
Morphemes
The smallest unit of meaning in a language (e.g., "ed" changes a
word to past tense)
Decoding
The ability to use letter-sound relationships to correctly sound-out
and pronounce written words.
Discourse
Written or spoken communication or debate (e.g., talk and
conversation)
Language Demands
The tools (vocabulary, syntax, discourse) students use to
participate in the content they are learning
Deep Orthography
,This phrase refers to a spelling system that is more difficult to
decode because there is not a direct correlation between the
letters and sounds in the language.
Shallow Orthography
This phrase refers to a spelling system that is easier to decode
because there is a direct correlation between. the letters and
sounds in the language.
Emergent Literacy
The term used to explain a child's knowledge of reading and
writing skills before they learn to read and write (e.g., recognizing
a stop sign, cereal box).
Phonological Awareness
the ability to hear and manipulate all units of sound including
words, syllables, onset, rimes, and phonemes in spoken
language.
Pragmatics
The practical rules that guide our use of language in social
contexts
Morphology
the study of the structure of words and how meaningful units are
combined in text (e.g., prefixes, suffixes, root words).
Transitional Bilingual Education
A program in which two languages are used to provide content
instruction. Over time, use of the native language is decreased
and use of English is increased until only English is used for
instruction.
Sheltered Instruction
An approach to teaching English language learners that
integrates language and content instruction.
BICS (Basic Interpersonal Communication Skills)
Development of fluency in conversations - social language
, CALP (Cognitive Academic Language Proficiency)
Development of content and subject area language.
Comprehensible Input
The part of a language that is understood by listeners when
learning a second language
Language Acquisition vs. Language Learning
Acquiring language through subconscious processes vs. learning
a language through direct instruction.
Receptive Language
The ability to understand words and language
Phonology
The study of sounds, their patterns and meanings and the way
they combine to form words and language.
Semantics
The study of meaning in words, phrases, sentences, or text
Repetition and Practice
A teaching strategy that helps bring skill knowledge from
conscious to subconscious.
Oral Language Rehearsal
A strategy that gives students the opportunity to 'write aloud'
before they begin a written language assignment; provides time
for them to rehearse how written forms differ from spoken forms
Language Systems
Interdependent structures or systems that support the language
foundation necessary for reading
Orthographic Mapping
The process of matching letters and letter sequences with sounds
in a word, and storing those words for future use; necessary for
spelling, pronouncing words correctly, and developing sight words
and vocabulary.
Frontal Lobe
