1
BIOL 2051 LUZAN FINAL – 2026 JUST RELEASED
ENTIRE TEST BANK EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
FREE DOWNLOAD INSTANT PDF
Which of the following bacterial phyla is represented by the
greatest diversity of phylotypes
on the skin?
A) Bacteroides
B) Firmicutes
C) Actinobacteria
D) Proteobacteria - SOLUTION-C
Which of the following environmental and host factors
influence the composition of the
resident microbiota on the skin?
A) Age
B) Personal hygiene
C) Weather
D) Age, personal hygiene, and weather - SOLUTION-D
Extensive microbial growth in a thick bacterial layer on the
teeth is called
A) dental plaque.
B) dental caries.
C) dental biofilm.
D) periodontitis. - SOLUTION-A
41) What happens when mice grown in the absence of
microbes are inoculated with healthy fecal
,2
material from other mice?
A) Genes associated with glucose uptake, lipid absorption,
and lipid transport are activated and
the mice gain body fat without increasing energy intake.
B) Genes associated with glucose uptake, lipid absorption,
and lipid transport are activated and
the mice gain body fat as a result of taking in more food.
C) Genes associated with protein uptake, lipid breakdown,
and lipid transport are activated and
the mice lose body fat without changing their food intake.
D) Genes associated with protein uptake, lipid breakdown,
and lipid transport are deactivated
and the mice lose body fat as a result of taking in less food. -
SOLUTION-A
How is vaginosis diagnosed?
A) Based on a microscopic scoring of a Gram-stained vaginal
smear
B) Based on clinical manifestations observed by a physician
C) By checking vaginal pH using a pH test strip
D) By performing a colposcopy - SOLUTION-A
Which of the following is NOT true of human gut microbes?
A) The population size is low, but the diversity is high.
B) They produce and excrete amino acids.
C) They help utilize polysaccharides.
D) They are involved in the "maturing" of the digestive tract. -
SOLUTION-A
The human oral microbiota consists of
,3
A) a small group of phylogenetically related aerobic
microorganisms.
B) diverse aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms.
C) monoculture biofilms on tooth surfaces.
D) the same phyla that are found in the human gut. -
SOLUTION-B
Which of the following is NOT a major question in the Human
Microbiome Project?
A) Are differences in the relative abundance of different
bacteria important?
B) Do differences in the human microbiome correlate with
differences in human health?
C) Is there a correlation between microbial population
structure and host genotype?
D) How can we reduce the number of microbes on the
human body? - SOLUTION-D
The most heavily colonized human organ by bacteria is the ,
containing 1011-1012
bacterial cells per gram.
A) mouth
B) small intestine
C) large intestine
D) skin - SOLUTION-C
Which of the following is NOT a function of the human gut
microbiome?
A) Production of essential amino acids and vitamins
B) Production of volatile fatty acids from polysaccharides
C) Iron and trace metal absorption
, 4
D) Maturation of the gastrointestinal tract - SOLUTION-C
The human microbiome contains all
A) organisms present on the skin.
B) organisms within the digestive system.
C) organisms present in and on the body.
D) organisms present on the skin or in the digestive system
only. - SOLUTION-C
Weight gain and obesity may be partly caused by certain gut
microbial communities that
A) absorb more vitamins and essential amino acids.
B) produce more volatile fatty acids by fermentation.
C) stimulate the gut endothelium to absorb more sugars.
D) produce more hydrogen gas by fermentation. - SOLUTION-B
What is the difference between animal viruses and
bacteriophages?
A) An animal virus has two lifestyles, while a bacteriophage
has only one.
B) An animal virus has four lifestyles, while a bacteriophage
has two.
C) An animal virus can follow either lytic or lysogenic lifestyle,
while a bacteriophage follows
only lytic.
D) Both an animal virus and a bacteriophage can use lytic or
lysogenic lifestyles. - SOLUTION-B
Which one of the following viruses can be found in pigs and
has the smallest DNA genome?
A) Anellovirus
BIOL 2051 LUZAN FINAL – 2026 JUST RELEASED
ENTIRE TEST BANK EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
FREE DOWNLOAD INSTANT PDF
Which of the following bacterial phyla is represented by the
greatest diversity of phylotypes
on the skin?
A) Bacteroides
B) Firmicutes
C) Actinobacteria
D) Proteobacteria - SOLUTION-C
Which of the following environmental and host factors
influence the composition of the
resident microbiota on the skin?
A) Age
B) Personal hygiene
C) Weather
D) Age, personal hygiene, and weather - SOLUTION-D
Extensive microbial growth in a thick bacterial layer on the
teeth is called
A) dental plaque.
B) dental caries.
C) dental biofilm.
D) periodontitis. - SOLUTION-A
41) What happens when mice grown in the absence of
microbes are inoculated with healthy fecal
,2
material from other mice?
A) Genes associated with glucose uptake, lipid absorption,
and lipid transport are activated and
the mice gain body fat without increasing energy intake.
B) Genes associated with glucose uptake, lipid absorption,
and lipid transport are activated and
the mice gain body fat as a result of taking in more food.
C) Genes associated with protein uptake, lipid breakdown,
and lipid transport are activated and
the mice lose body fat without changing their food intake.
D) Genes associated with protein uptake, lipid breakdown,
and lipid transport are deactivated
and the mice lose body fat as a result of taking in less food. -
SOLUTION-A
How is vaginosis diagnosed?
A) Based on a microscopic scoring of a Gram-stained vaginal
smear
B) Based on clinical manifestations observed by a physician
C) By checking vaginal pH using a pH test strip
D) By performing a colposcopy - SOLUTION-A
Which of the following is NOT true of human gut microbes?
A) The population size is low, but the diversity is high.
B) They produce and excrete amino acids.
C) They help utilize polysaccharides.
D) They are involved in the "maturing" of the digestive tract. -
SOLUTION-A
The human oral microbiota consists of
,3
A) a small group of phylogenetically related aerobic
microorganisms.
B) diverse aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms.
C) monoculture biofilms on tooth surfaces.
D) the same phyla that are found in the human gut. -
SOLUTION-B
Which of the following is NOT a major question in the Human
Microbiome Project?
A) Are differences in the relative abundance of different
bacteria important?
B) Do differences in the human microbiome correlate with
differences in human health?
C) Is there a correlation between microbial population
structure and host genotype?
D) How can we reduce the number of microbes on the
human body? - SOLUTION-D
The most heavily colonized human organ by bacteria is the ,
containing 1011-1012
bacterial cells per gram.
A) mouth
B) small intestine
C) large intestine
D) skin - SOLUTION-C
Which of the following is NOT a function of the human gut
microbiome?
A) Production of essential amino acids and vitamins
B) Production of volatile fatty acids from polysaccharides
C) Iron and trace metal absorption
, 4
D) Maturation of the gastrointestinal tract - SOLUTION-C
The human microbiome contains all
A) organisms present on the skin.
B) organisms within the digestive system.
C) organisms present in and on the body.
D) organisms present on the skin or in the digestive system
only. - SOLUTION-C
Weight gain and obesity may be partly caused by certain gut
microbial communities that
A) absorb more vitamins and essential amino acids.
B) produce more volatile fatty acids by fermentation.
C) stimulate the gut endothelium to absorb more sugars.
D) produce more hydrogen gas by fermentation. - SOLUTION-B
What is the difference between animal viruses and
bacteriophages?
A) An animal virus has two lifestyles, while a bacteriophage
has only one.
B) An animal virus has four lifestyles, while a bacteriophage
has two.
C) An animal virus can follow either lytic or lysogenic lifestyle,
while a bacteriophage follows
only lytic.
D) Both an animal virus and a bacteriophage can use lytic or
lysogenic lifestyles. - SOLUTION-B
Which one of the following viruses can be found in pigs and
has the smallest DNA genome?
A) Anellovirus
