Pulmonology IM EORE (Internal Medicine) | 25 Questions | Asthma, PNA, ILD, COPD, Sarcoid | 2025

This high-yield flashcard-style document features 25 expert-verified questions and answers tailored for the Pulmonary section of the Internal Medicine End-of-Rotation Exam (IM EORE), aligned with the 2025 academic curriculum. The content is designed for rapid review of pulmonary physiology, pathologies, imaging findings, and treatment algorithms. It begins with pulmonary function test (PFT) patterns clearly distinguishing between obstructive diseases (↓FEV1/FVC) and restrictive diseases (normal FEV1/FVC with ↓FVC and ↓FEV1), offering a strong foundation for interpreting lung diagnostics. Core respiratory pathologies covered include: Asthma: Stepwise treatment (SABA → ICS → LABA → oral steroids), reversible airway obstruction, and related comorbidities (e.g., Samter’s triad). Chronic bronchitis and bronchiectasis: Symptoms like chronic cough and sputum production, imaging (e.g., tram tracks, honeycombing), and treatment with bronchodilators and chest physiotherapy. Pneumonia (PNA): Diagnosis via CXR, CURB-65 criteria for severity assessment, and management using macrolides, doxycycline, or ceftriaxone + respiratory fluoroquinolones. Bronchial carcinoid tumors: Rare neuroendocrine malignancies confirmed with bronchoscopy and treated surgically. It also addresses interstitial lung diseases (ILD) and restrictive disorders: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis with hallmark CT findings (honeycombing), and sarcoidosis presenting with bilateral hilar adenopathy and elevated ACE levels. Pneumoconiosis subtypes like asbestosis, silicosis, and coal worker’s pneumoconiosis, all with characteristic imaging patterns (e.g., egg-shell calcifications). Pulmonary vascular diseases are also included: Pulmonary hypertension: Signs like split S2, diagnostic workup with echocardiography and CXR, and treatments including CCBs and PDE-5 inhibitors. Cor pulmonale: Defined as right-sided heart failure from pulmonary pathology, diagnosed via echocardiography, and managed with diuretics and oxygen. Also covered: Solitary pulmonary nodules and the management algorithm based on malignancy risk. Hypoventilation syndrome and its relationship to obesity and chronic lung conditions. This resource is ideal for: Physician Assistant (PA) students preparing for Pulmonology in IM EORE Medical students (MD/DO) during their internal medicine or pulmonary rotations Nurse Practitioner (NP) and nursing students studying respiratory diseases Students prepping for PANCE, USMLE, or COMLEX Step 2 With its clear structure, clinical focus, and concise coverage of major pulmonary topics, it is a vital companion for fast, effective exam prep. Keywords: PFT interpretation, asthma treatment steps, COPD, bronchitis, bronchiectasis, pneumonia, CURB-65, carcinoid tumor, solitary pulmonary nodule, sarcoidosis, ILD, pulmonary fibrosis, pneumoconiosis, silicosis, asbestosis, pulmonary hypertension, cor pulmonale, lung imaging, obstructive lung disease, restrictive lung disease, FEV1/FVC, ACE level, hilar adenopathy