FSC 100 FINAL QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
What is the importance of the use of DNA analysis?
1. ID criminals
2. Missing persons
(Especially used in mass disasters)
Forensic biology incorporates the related areas of:
1. Serology
2. Forensic serology
What is serology?
Almost exclusively towards the analysis of blood
What is forensic serology?
expands beyond blood to other biological fluids commonly linked to crime scene work
Serology techniques are used to screen evidence items for what?
The presence and type of body fluid deposition
What do serology analyses target?
1. biochemicals
2. cells
When serology analyses target the biochemicals and cells what do they define? Give 2
examples.
The distinctive functional characteristics of different body fluids:
1. Spermatoza in semen
2. Hemoglobin in blood
What is the distinctive functional characteristics in semen?
Spermatoza
What is the distinctive functional characteristics in blood?
Hemogloboin
,What do serologists seek to do?
To identify class evidence such as human and non-human biological materials
What kind of biological materials do serologists collect?
1. Blood
2. Bodily fluids
3. Hair
4. Fibers
Where do serologists collect their class evidence/biological materials?
1. From individuals directly
2. Items collected from a crime scene
What if we have an indication that someone may be responsible for a crime where
biological fluids were found? What expectation of privacy may a person have that may
limit the collection of the samples and what would be required to secure those samples :
- A warrant would be required since it is invasive
- Blood, bodily fluid, hair and fibres would be collected
What is the most intrusive biological sample collected from an individual?
Blood
T/F The court cares about the level of intrusiveness to collect biological samples as a
result of a warrant from bodily fluids being found at a crime scene
False - the court does not care about the level of intrusiveness to collect biological
samples as a result of a warrant
If an investigator wants to collect bodily fluids off of someone at a crime scene but they
do not volunteer, recant their offer to participate in the collection what does the
investigator need to do?
Get a warrant to ensure the collection of said bodily fluids
What is deoxyribonucleic acid?
DNA
What does DNA stand for?
deoxyribonucleic acid
,DNA is found in:
Every cell with a nucleus
What is DNA profiling derived from?
The analysis of this genetic material for comparative analysis and identification
purposes
When are DNA profiles most commonly used?
To assist in identification of an individual
T/F Largest DNA cases are not criminally related
True
What is DNA?
genetic information that dictates the form and development of an organism. It is a
molecule
T/F DNA is not a molecule
False
DNA is the genetic -------- of life
blueprint
What is DNA like structurally?
- 2 stranded molecule
- composed of chemical compounds that contain loads of information
How is DNA arranged?
- helix
- twisted like a spiral staircase and packed into the nucleus of the cell
What can the structure of DNA be compared to?
Spiral Staircase
Why is DNA referred to as latent evidence?
, - Cannot be seen with the naked human eye
- Needs specialized equipment in order to be able to see it and enhance it
When people say that they are "swabbing for DNA" what do they mean by that?
They're swabbing another substance in hopes that they will find DNA but they cannot be
sure until they analyze and enhance the sample
What are the base pairs made up of?
Guanine and Cytosine
What are the sugar phosphate backbones made up of?
Adenine and Thymine
Each strand of the helix in DNA is comprised of:
Long chains of nucleotides, that are composed of a phosphate group, a type of sugar
called deoxyribose and one of 4 nitrogen-containing bases
What does ATGC stand for?
Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, Cytosine
T/F There are hydrogen bonds between the bases of each strand that hold the double
helix together
True
Adenine will only bond with nucleotides containing
Thymine
Guanine will only bond with nucleotides containing
Cytosine
What do the subunits form?
Base pairs
What do the strands of DNA form?
Codes of proteins
What is the importance of the use of DNA analysis?
1. ID criminals
2. Missing persons
(Especially used in mass disasters)
Forensic biology incorporates the related areas of:
1. Serology
2. Forensic serology
What is serology?
Almost exclusively towards the analysis of blood
What is forensic serology?
expands beyond blood to other biological fluids commonly linked to crime scene work
Serology techniques are used to screen evidence items for what?
The presence and type of body fluid deposition
What do serology analyses target?
1. biochemicals
2. cells
When serology analyses target the biochemicals and cells what do they define? Give 2
examples.
The distinctive functional characteristics of different body fluids:
1. Spermatoza in semen
2. Hemoglobin in blood
What is the distinctive functional characteristics in semen?
Spermatoza
What is the distinctive functional characteristics in blood?
Hemogloboin
,What do serologists seek to do?
To identify class evidence such as human and non-human biological materials
What kind of biological materials do serologists collect?
1. Blood
2. Bodily fluids
3. Hair
4. Fibers
Where do serologists collect their class evidence/biological materials?
1. From individuals directly
2. Items collected from a crime scene
What if we have an indication that someone may be responsible for a crime where
biological fluids were found? What expectation of privacy may a person have that may
limit the collection of the samples and what would be required to secure those samples :
- A warrant would be required since it is invasive
- Blood, bodily fluid, hair and fibres would be collected
What is the most intrusive biological sample collected from an individual?
Blood
T/F The court cares about the level of intrusiveness to collect biological samples as a
result of a warrant from bodily fluids being found at a crime scene
False - the court does not care about the level of intrusiveness to collect biological
samples as a result of a warrant
If an investigator wants to collect bodily fluids off of someone at a crime scene but they
do not volunteer, recant their offer to participate in the collection what does the
investigator need to do?
Get a warrant to ensure the collection of said bodily fluids
What is deoxyribonucleic acid?
DNA
What does DNA stand for?
deoxyribonucleic acid
,DNA is found in:
Every cell with a nucleus
What is DNA profiling derived from?
The analysis of this genetic material for comparative analysis and identification
purposes
When are DNA profiles most commonly used?
To assist in identification of an individual
T/F Largest DNA cases are not criminally related
True
What is DNA?
genetic information that dictates the form and development of an organism. It is a
molecule
T/F DNA is not a molecule
False
DNA is the genetic -------- of life
blueprint
What is DNA like structurally?
- 2 stranded molecule
- composed of chemical compounds that contain loads of information
How is DNA arranged?
- helix
- twisted like a spiral staircase and packed into the nucleus of the cell
What can the structure of DNA be compared to?
Spiral Staircase
Why is DNA referred to as latent evidence?
, - Cannot be seen with the naked human eye
- Needs specialized equipment in order to be able to see it and enhance it
When people say that they are "swabbing for DNA" what do they mean by that?
They're swabbing another substance in hopes that they will find DNA but they cannot be
sure until they analyze and enhance the sample
What are the base pairs made up of?
Guanine and Cytosine
What are the sugar phosphate backbones made up of?
Adenine and Thymine
Each strand of the helix in DNA is comprised of:
Long chains of nucleotides, that are composed of a phosphate group, a type of sugar
called deoxyribose and one of 4 nitrogen-containing bases
What does ATGC stand for?
Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, Cytosine
T/F There are hydrogen bonds between the bases of each strand that hold the double
helix together
True
Adenine will only bond with nucleotides containing
Thymine
Guanine will only bond with nucleotides containing
Cytosine
What do the subunits form?
Base pairs
What do the strands of DNA form?
Codes of proteins
