Pediatric Primary Care 5th Edition Test Bank by Richardson – Updated 2024/2025 Edition with 100% Verified Questions and Expert Answers

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,Chapter 1 Obtaining an Initial History
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MULTIPLE CHOICE x@


1. The nurse is seeing an adolescent and the parents in the clinic for the first time. Whic
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h should the nurse do first?
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a. Introduce him- or herself. x@ x@ x@



b. Make the family comfortable.
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c. Give assurance of privacy.
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d. Explain the purpose of the intervie x@ x@ x@ x@ x@



w. ANS: Ax@ x@


The first thing that nurses must do is to introduce themselves to the patient and family.
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Parents and other adults should be addressed with appropriate titles unless they specify a
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preferred name. Clarification of the purpose of the interview and the nurses role is the sec
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ond thing that should be done. During the initial part of the interview, the nurse should i
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nclude general conversation to help make the family feel at ease. The interview also shou
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ld take place in an environment as free of distraction as possible. In addition, the nurse s
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hould clarify which information will be shared with other members of the health care tea
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m and any limits to the confidentiality.
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2. Which is considered a block to effective communication?
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a. Using silence x@




b. Using clichs x@



c. Directing the focus x@ x@



d. Defining the proble x@ x@



m ANS: B
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Using stereotyped comments or clichs can block effective communication. After the nurse uses
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such trite phrases, parents often do not respond. Silence can be an effective interviewin
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g tool. Silence permits the interviewee to sort out thoughts and feelings and search for
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@responses to questions. To be effective, the nurse must be able to direct the focus of t
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he interview while allowing maximum freedom of expression. By using open-
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ended questions and guiding questions, the nurse can obtain the necessary information a
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nd maintain a relationship with the family. The nurse and parent must collaborate and d
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efine the problem that will be the focus of the nursing intervention.
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3. Which is the single most important factor to consider when communicating with children?
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a. Presence of the childs parent x@ x@ x@ x@




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,b. Childs physical condition
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c. Childs developmental level
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d. Childs nonverbal behavior x@ x@



s ANS: C
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The nurse must be aware of the childs developmental stage to engage in effective comm
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unication. The use of both verbal and nonverbal communication should be appropriate to
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the developmental level. Nonverbal behaviors vary in importance based on the childs dev
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elopmental level and physical condition. Although the childs physical condition is a consi
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deration, developmental level is much more important. The presence of parents is important
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when communicating with young children but may be detrimental when speaking with a
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dolescents.
4. Because children younger than 5 years are egocentric, the nurse should do which
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@when communicating with them?
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a. Focus communication on the child. x@ x@ x@ x@



b. Use easy analogies when possible.
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c. Explain experiences of others to the child.
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d. Assure the child that communication is priva x@ x@ x@ x@ x@ x@



te. ANS: A
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Because children of this age are able to see things only in terms of themselves, the best approach
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is to focus communication directly on them. Children should be provided with information
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@about what they can do and how they will feel. With children who are egocentric, analo
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gies, experiences, and assurances that communication is private will not be effective becau
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se the child is not capable of understanding.
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5. The nurses approach when introducing hospital equipment to a preschooler who seems
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afraid should be based on which principle?
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a. The child may think the equipment is alive.
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b. Explaining the equipment will only increase the childs fear.
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c. One brief explanation will be enough to reduce the childs fear.
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d. The child is too young to understand what the equipment
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does. ANS: A x@ x@


Young children attribute human characteristics to inanimate objects. They often fear that the
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objects may jump, bite, cut, or pinch all by themselves without human direction. Equipm
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ent should be kept out of sight until needed. Simple, concrete explanations about what the
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@equipment does and how it will feel will help alleviate the childs fear. Preschoolers need
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repeated explanations as reassurance.
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6. When the nurse interviews an adolescent, which is especially important?
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a. Focus the discussion on the peer group. x@ x@ x@ x@ x@ x@



b. Allow an opportunity to express feelings.
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c. Use the same type of language as the adolescent.
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d. Emphasize that confidentiality will always be maintain x@ x@ x@ x@ x@ x@



ed. ANS: Bx@ x@


Adolescents, like all children, need opportunities to express their feelings. Often they interject
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feelings into their words. The nurse must be alert to the words and feelings expressed. The nurse
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