PSYCH 100 FINAL EXAM STUDY
GUIDE QUESTIONS AND SOLVED
ANSWERS
Foot-In-The-Door Phenomenon - ans- sw sw swsw
the tendency for people who have first agreed to a smaller request to comply later
sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw
with a larger request
sw sw sw
Role - ans- sw swsw
a set of expectations about a social position, defining how those in the position oug
sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw
ht to behave
sw sw
Zimbardo Experiment - ans- sw sw swsw
Famous study in which male college students volunteered to participate in. Students
sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw s
were randomly assigned the role of either a prisoner or a guard in this mock experi
w sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw
ment. Stanford Psychologist Philip Zimbardo ended the experiment after six days, as
sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw
the participants were getting out of hand; role playing affects attitudes and behavior
sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw
Punishment - ans-An event that decreases the behavior it follows
sw swsw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw
Positive Punishment - ans- sw sw swsw
Administering an aversive stimulus (eg. give a traffic ticket for speeding)
sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw
Negative Punishment - ans- sw sw swsw
Withdraw a rewarding stimulus (eg. take away a misbehaving teen's driving privilege
sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw
s)
The Big Five Personality Factors - ans-
sw sw sw sw sw swsw
Conscientiousness, Agreeableness, Neuroticism, Openness, Extraversion sw sw sw sw
Conscientiousness - ans-One of the Big Five; careless vs. careful sw swsw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw
Agreeableness - ans-One of the Big Five; uncooperative vs. helpful
sw swsw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw
Neuroticism - ans-One of the Big Five; emotional stability vs. instability
sw swsw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw
Openness - ans-One of the Big Five; routine vs. variety
sw swsw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw
Extraversion - ans-One of the Big Five; reserved vs. sociable
sw swsw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw
, Fundamental Attribution Error - ans- sw sw sw swsw
the tendency, when analyzing others' behavior, to overestimate the influence of pers
sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw
onal traits and underestimate the effects of the situation
sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw
Psychoanalysis - ans- sw swsw
Freud's theory of personality that attributes thoughts and actions to unconscious moti
sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw
ves and conflicts; the techniques used in treating psychological disorders by seeking
sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw s
to expose and interpret unconscious tensions
w sw sw sw sw sw
Unconscious - ans- sw swsw
According to Freud, a reservoir of mostly unacceptable thoughts, wishes, feelings, a
sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw
nd memories. According to contemporary psychologists, information processing of w
sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw
hich we are unaware
sw sw sw
Free Association - ans-
sw sw swsw
In psychoanalysis, a method of exploring the unconscious in which the person relax
sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw
es and says whatever comes to mind, no matter how unimportant or embarrassing
sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw
Id - ans-
sw swsw
A reservoir of unconscious psychic energy that, according to Freud, strives to satisfy
sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw s
wbasic sexual and aggressive drives; operates on the pleasure principle, demanding i
sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw
mmediate gratification sw
Superego - ans- sw swsw
The part of personality that, according to Freud, represents internalized ideals and p
sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw
rovides standards for judgement (the conscience) and for future goals
sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw
Ego - ans- sw swsw
The largely conscious, "executive" part of personality that, according to Freud, balan
sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw
ces the demands of the id, superego, and reality; operates on the reality principle, s
sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw
atisfying the id's desires in ways that will realistically bring pleasure rather than pain
sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw
Personal Control - ans- sw sw swsw
our sense of controlling our environment rather than feeling helpless
sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw
Learned Helplessness - ans- sw sw swsw
The hopelessness and passive resignation an animal or person learns when unable
sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw
to avoid repeated aversive events
sw sw sw sw
External Locus of Control - ans- sw sw sw sw swsw
The perception that chance or outside forces beyond our personal control determine
sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw s
our fate
w sw
Internal Locus of Control - ans-The perception that we control our own fate
sw sw sw sw swsw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw
GUIDE QUESTIONS AND SOLVED
ANSWERS
Foot-In-The-Door Phenomenon - ans- sw sw swsw
the tendency for people who have first agreed to a smaller request to comply later
sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw
with a larger request
sw sw sw
Role - ans- sw swsw
a set of expectations about a social position, defining how those in the position oug
sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw
ht to behave
sw sw
Zimbardo Experiment - ans- sw sw swsw
Famous study in which male college students volunteered to participate in. Students
sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw s
were randomly assigned the role of either a prisoner or a guard in this mock experi
w sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw
ment. Stanford Psychologist Philip Zimbardo ended the experiment after six days, as
sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw
the participants were getting out of hand; role playing affects attitudes and behavior
sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw
Punishment - ans-An event that decreases the behavior it follows
sw swsw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw
Positive Punishment - ans- sw sw swsw
Administering an aversive stimulus (eg. give a traffic ticket for speeding)
sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw
Negative Punishment - ans- sw sw swsw
Withdraw a rewarding stimulus (eg. take away a misbehaving teen's driving privilege
sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw
s)
The Big Five Personality Factors - ans-
sw sw sw sw sw swsw
Conscientiousness, Agreeableness, Neuroticism, Openness, Extraversion sw sw sw sw
Conscientiousness - ans-One of the Big Five; careless vs. careful sw swsw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw
Agreeableness - ans-One of the Big Five; uncooperative vs. helpful
sw swsw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw
Neuroticism - ans-One of the Big Five; emotional stability vs. instability
sw swsw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw
Openness - ans-One of the Big Five; routine vs. variety
sw swsw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw
Extraversion - ans-One of the Big Five; reserved vs. sociable
sw swsw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw
, Fundamental Attribution Error - ans- sw sw sw swsw
the tendency, when analyzing others' behavior, to overestimate the influence of pers
sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw
onal traits and underestimate the effects of the situation
sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw
Psychoanalysis - ans- sw swsw
Freud's theory of personality that attributes thoughts and actions to unconscious moti
sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw
ves and conflicts; the techniques used in treating psychological disorders by seeking
sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw s
to expose and interpret unconscious tensions
w sw sw sw sw sw
Unconscious - ans- sw swsw
According to Freud, a reservoir of mostly unacceptable thoughts, wishes, feelings, a
sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw
nd memories. According to contemporary psychologists, information processing of w
sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw
hich we are unaware
sw sw sw
Free Association - ans-
sw sw swsw
In psychoanalysis, a method of exploring the unconscious in which the person relax
sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw
es and says whatever comes to mind, no matter how unimportant or embarrassing
sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw
Id - ans-
sw swsw
A reservoir of unconscious psychic energy that, according to Freud, strives to satisfy
sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw s
wbasic sexual and aggressive drives; operates on the pleasure principle, demanding i
sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw
mmediate gratification sw
Superego - ans- sw swsw
The part of personality that, according to Freud, represents internalized ideals and p
sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw
rovides standards for judgement (the conscience) and for future goals
sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw
Ego - ans- sw swsw
The largely conscious, "executive" part of personality that, according to Freud, balan
sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw
ces the demands of the id, superego, and reality; operates on the reality principle, s
sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw
atisfying the id's desires in ways that will realistically bring pleasure rather than pain
sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw
Personal Control - ans- sw sw swsw
our sense of controlling our environment rather than feeling helpless
sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw
Learned Helplessness - ans- sw sw swsw
The hopelessness and passive resignation an animal or person learns when unable
sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw
to avoid repeated aversive events
sw sw sw sw
External Locus of Control - ans- sw sw sw sw swsw
The perception that chance or outside forces beyond our personal control determine
sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw s
our fate
w sw
Internal Locus of Control - ans-The perception that we control our own fate
sw sw sw sw swsw sw sw sw sw sw sw sw
