ATI NUTRITION COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW STUDY
GUIDE Chapter 1 - 16 COMPLETE SERIES
How many calories do carbs provide? - answer-4 cal/g
How many calories do fats provide? - answer-9 cal/g
How many calories do proteins provide? - answer-4 cal/g
Glucose - answer-70-115
Albumin - answer-3.5-5.0
Prealbumin - answer-15-36
Used as a transition diet after clear liquids following surgery or for pts who have
difficulty chewing, swallowing, or tolerating solid foods. Diet includes clear and
opaque liquid foods, and those that are liquid at body temperature. Foods include
all clear liquids and items such as plain ice cream, sherbet, breakfast drinks, milk,
pudding, custard, soups that are strained, refined cooked cereals, fruit juices, and
strained vegetable juices. - answer-full liquid diet
,Low purine diet
used for gout, kidney stones, elevated uric acid levels. Restrict anchovies, herring,
mackerel, sardines, scallops, organ meats, gravies, meat extracts, wild game,
goose, and sweat breads - answer-Low purine diet
Controlled amounts of protein, sodium, phosphorus, calcium, potassium, and
fluids may be prescribed; may also need modification in fiber, cholesterol, and fat
based in individual requirements; restrict fluids. - answer-Renal diet
Used for hypertension, heart failure, renal disease, cardiac disease, and liver
disease. Diet plans are individualized; can include 4 g of sodium daily (no added
salt diet) 2-3 g of sodium daily (moderate restriction), 1 g of sodium daily (strict
restriction), or 500 mg of sodium daily (severe restriction and seldom prescribed).
Encourage intake of fresh foods rather than processed foods. Canned, frozen,
instant, smoked, pickled, boxed foods, lunch meat, soy sauce, salad dressing, fast
foods, soups, and snacks usually have higher amounts of sodium. - answer-
Sodium restricted diet
Indicated for atherosclerosis, DM, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, myocardial
infarction, nephrotic syndrome, and renal failure. DASH diet recommended to
prevent and control hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and obesity. Includes
fruits, veggies, whole grains, low fat dairy food, meat, fish, poultry, nuts, and
beans, and is limited in sugar sweetened foods and beverages, red meat, and
added fats. Low sodium, high potassium, high calcium diet to lower BP and
cholesterol. Decrease sodium 1,500-2,300. - answer-Cardiac diet
used for severe stress, burns, wound healing, cancer, HIV, COPD, respiratory
failure. Encourage whole milk, milk products, peanut butter, nuts and seeds, beef,
cottage cheese, chicken, fish, pork, and eggs. Encourage snacks between meals
, such as milkshakes, instant breakfasts, and nutritional supplements. - answer-
High calorie high protein diet
canned fruit, white bread, broiled hamburger, fish, poultry - answer-Low fiber diet
Complete proteins
eggs, meat, poultry, seafood, milk, yogurt, cheese, soybean products, - answer-
Complete proteins
peanut butter, cereal, pasta - answer-Incomplete proteins
strict vegetarian diet and consume no animal foods. Eat only foods of plant origin
(whole or enriched grains, legumes, nuts, seeds, fruits, vegetables.) Use of
soybeans, soy milk, soybean curd (tofu) and processed soy protein products
enhance nutritional value of diet - answer-Vegan
Follow a food pattern that allows consumption of dairy products and eggs.
Consume adequate plant and animal food sources, excluding meat, poultry, pork,
and fish poses no nutritional risk - answer-Lacto ovo vegetarian
Cosume milk, cheese, dairy foods but avoid meat, fish poultry, and eggs. Diet of
whole or enriched grains, legumes, nuts, seeds, fruits, and vegetables in sufficient
quantities to meet energy needs and provides a balanced diet. - answer-Lacto-
vegetarian
Potential deficiencies in vegetarian diet
energy, protein, B12, zinc, iron, calcium, omega 3 fatty acids, and vitamin D. To
enhance absorption of iron, consume a good source of iron and vitamin C with
GUIDE Chapter 1 - 16 COMPLETE SERIES
How many calories do carbs provide? - answer-4 cal/g
How many calories do fats provide? - answer-9 cal/g
How many calories do proteins provide? - answer-4 cal/g
Glucose - answer-70-115
Albumin - answer-3.5-5.0
Prealbumin - answer-15-36
Used as a transition diet after clear liquids following surgery or for pts who have
difficulty chewing, swallowing, or tolerating solid foods. Diet includes clear and
opaque liquid foods, and those that are liquid at body temperature. Foods include
all clear liquids and items such as plain ice cream, sherbet, breakfast drinks, milk,
pudding, custard, soups that are strained, refined cooked cereals, fruit juices, and
strained vegetable juices. - answer-full liquid diet
,Low purine diet
used for gout, kidney stones, elevated uric acid levels. Restrict anchovies, herring,
mackerel, sardines, scallops, organ meats, gravies, meat extracts, wild game,
goose, and sweat breads - answer-Low purine diet
Controlled amounts of protein, sodium, phosphorus, calcium, potassium, and
fluids may be prescribed; may also need modification in fiber, cholesterol, and fat
based in individual requirements; restrict fluids. - answer-Renal diet
Used for hypertension, heart failure, renal disease, cardiac disease, and liver
disease. Diet plans are individualized; can include 4 g of sodium daily (no added
salt diet) 2-3 g of sodium daily (moderate restriction), 1 g of sodium daily (strict
restriction), or 500 mg of sodium daily (severe restriction and seldom prescribed).
Encourage intake of fresh foods rather than processed foods. Canned, frozen,
instant, smoked, pickled, boxed foods, lunch meat, soy sauce, salad dressing, fast
foods, soups, and snacks usually have higher amounts of sodium. - answer-
Sodium restricted diet
Indicated for atherosclerosis, DM, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, myocardial
infarction, nephrotic syndrome, and renal failure. DASH diet recommended to
prevent and control hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and obesity. Includes
fruits, veggies, whole grains, low fat dairy food, meat, fish, poultry, nuts, and
beans, and is limited in sugar sweetened foods and beverages, red meat, and
added fats. Low sodium, high potassium, high calcium diet to lower BP and
cholesterol. Decrease sodium 1,500-2,300. - answer-Cardiac diet
used for severe stress, burns, wound healing, cancer, HIV, COPD, respiratory
failure. Encourage whole milk, milk products, peanut butter, nuts and seeds, beef,
cottage cheese, chicken, fish, pork, and eggs. Encourage snacks between meals
, such as milkshakes, instant breakfasts, and nutritional supplements. - answer-
High calorie high protein diet
canned fruit, white bread, broiled hamburger, fish, poultry - answer-Low fiber diet
Complete proteins
eggs, meat, poultry, seafood, milk, yogurt, cheese, soybean products, - answer-
Complete proteins
peanut butter, cereal, pasta - answer-Incomplete proteins
strict vegetarian diet and consume no animal foods. Eat only foods of plant origin
(whole or enriched grains, legumes, nuts, seeds, fruits, vegetables.) Use of
soybeans, soy milk, soybean curd (tofu) and processed soy protein products
enhance nutritional value of diet - answer-Vegan
Follow a food pattern that allows consumption of dairy products and eggs.
Consume adequate plant and animal food sources, excluding meat, poultry, pork,
and fish poses no nutritional risk - answer-Lacto ovo vegetarian
Cosume milk, cheese, dairy foods but avoid meat, fish poultry, and eggs. Diet of
whole or enriched grains, legumes, nuts, seeds, fruits, and vegetables in sufficient
quantities to meet energy needs and provides a balanced diet. - answer-Lacto-
vegetarian
Potential deficiencies in vegetarian diet
energy, protein, B12, zinc, iron, calcium, omega 3 fatty acids, and vitamin D. To
enhance absorption of iron, consume a good source of iron and vitamin C with
