,DOWNLOAD THE Test Bank for Clayton's Basic Pharmacology for Nurses 18th
Edition Willihnganz
Chapter 02: Basic Principles of Drug Action and Drug Interactions
s s s s s s s s s
Willihnganz: Clayton’s Basic Pharmacology for Nurses, 18th Edition
s s s s s s s s
MULTIPLE sCHOICE
1. The snurse sassesses shives sin sa spatient sstarted son sa snew smedication. sWhat sis sthe snurse’s spriority
action?
s
a. Notify sphysician sof sallergic sreaction.
b. Notify sphysician sof sidiosyncratic sreaction.
c. Notify sphysician sof spotential steratogenicity.
d. Notify sphysician sof spotential stolerance.
ANS: s A
An sallergic sreaction sis sindicative sof shypersensitivity sand smanifests swith shives sand/or surticaria,
swhich sare seasily sidentified. sAn sidiosyncratic sreaction soccurs swhen ssomething sunusual sor
sabnormal shappens swhen sa sdrug sis sfirst sadministered. sA steratogenic sreaction srefers sto sthe
occurrence sof sbirth sdefects srelated sto sadministration sof sthe sdrug. sTolerance srefers sto sthe sbody’s
srequirement sfor sincreasing sdosages sto sachieve sthe ssame seffects sthat sa slower sdose sonce sdid.
DIF: Cognitive sLevel: sApplication REF: s p. s17 OBJ:
s 4 sNAT: s NCLEX sClient sNeeds sCategory: sPhysiological sIntegrity
TOP: s Nursing sProcess sStep: sAssessment CON: s Clinical sJudgment s| sSafety
2. The snurse sadministers san sinitial sdose sof sa ssteroid sto sa spatient swith sasthma. sThirty sminutes safter
administration, sthe snurse sfinds sthe spatient sagitated sand sstating sthat s“everyone sis sout sto sget
s
me.” sWhat sis sthe sterm sfor sthis sunusual sreaction?
s
a. Desired saction
b. Adverse seffect
c. Idiosyncratic sreaction
d. Allergic sreaction
ANS: s C
Idiosyncratic sreactions sare sunusual, sabnormal sreactions sthat soccur swhen sa sdrug sis sfirst
sadministered. sPatients stypically sexhibit san soverresponsiveness sto sa smedication srelated sto
sdiminished smetabolism. sThese sreactions sare sbelieved sto sbe srelated sto sgenetic senzyme
sdeficiencies. sDesired sactions sare sexpected sresponses sto sa smedication. sAdverse seffects sare
sreactions sthat soccur sin sanother ssystem sof sthe sbody; sthey sare susually spredictable. sAllergic
sreactions sappear safter srepeated smedication sdosages.
DIF: Cognitive sLevel: sKnowledge REF: s p. s18 OBJ:
s 4 sNAT: s NCLEX sClient sNeeds sCategory: sPhysiological sIntegrity
TOP: s Nursing sProcess sStep: sEvaluation
CON: s Patient sEducation s| sClinical sJudgment s| sCaregiving s| sSafety s| sSensory sPerception
3. Which sis sthe sbest sdescription sof swhen sdrug sinteractions soccur?
a. On sadministration sof stoxic sdosages sof sa sdrug
b. On san sincrease sin sthe spharmacodynamics sof sbound sdrugs
c. On sthe salteration sof sthe seffect sof sone sdrug sby sanother sdrug
d. On sincrease sof sdrug sexcretion
ANS: s C
,DOWNLOAD THE Test Bank for Clayton's Basic Pharmacology for Nurses 18th
Edition Willihnganz
Drug sinteractions smay sbe scharacterized sby san sincrease sor sdecrease sin sthe seffectiveness sof sone
sor sboth sof sthe sdrugs. sToxicity sof sone sdrug smay sor smay snot saffect sthe smetabolism sof sanother
sone. sDrug sinteractions smay sresult sfrom seither sincreased sor sdecreased spharmacodynamics.
Drug sinteractions smay sresult sfrom seither sincreased sor sdecreased sexcretion.
DIF: Cognitive sLevel: sComprehension REF: s p. s18 OBJ:
s 5 sNAT: s NCLEX sClient sNeeds sCategory: sPhysiological sIntegrity
TOP: s Nursing sProcess sStep: sAssessment CON: s Safety s| sPatient sEducation s| sClinical sJudgment
4. What soccurs swhen stwo sdrugs scompete sfor sthe ssame sreceptor ssite, sresulting sin sincreased
activity sof sthe sfirst sdrug?
s
a. Desired saction
b. Synergistic seffect
c. Carcinogenicity
d. Displacement
ANS: s D
The sdisplacement sof sthe sfirst sdrug sfrom sreceptor ssites sby sa ssecond sdrug sincreases sthe samount
sof sthe sfirst sdrug sbecause smore sunbound sdrug sis savailable. sAn sexpected sresponse sof sa sdrug sis
sthe sdesired saction. sA ssynergistic seffect sis sthe seffect sof stwo sdrugs sbeing sgreater sthan sthe seffect
sof seach schemical sindividually sor sthe ssum sof sthe sindividual seffects. sCarcinogenicity sis sthe
sability sof sa sdrug sto scause scells sto smutate sand sbecome scancerous.
DIF: Cognitive sLevel: sComprehension REF: s p. s19 OBJ:
s 6 sNAT: s NCLEX sClient sNeeds sCategory: sPhysiological sIntegrity
TOP: s Nursing sProcess sStep: sImplementation CON: s Safety s| sPatient sEducation
5. What sdo sdrug sblood slevels sindicate?
a. They sconfirm sif sthe spatient sis staking sa sgeneric sform sof sa sdrug.
b. They sdetermine sif sthe spatient shas ssufficient sbody sfat sto smetabolize sthe sdrug.
c. They sverify sif sthe spatient sis staking ssomeone selse’s smedications.
d. They sdetermine sif sthe samount sof sdrug sin sthe sbody sis sin sa stherapeutic srange.
ANS: s D
The samount sof sdrug spresent smay svary sover stime sand sthe sblood slevel smust sremain sin sa
stherapeutic srange sin sorder sto sobtain sthe sdesired sresult. sGeneric sdrugs sdo snot snecessarily
sproduce sa sdifferent sdrug sblood slevel sthan sproprietary smedications. sBody sfat sis snot smeasured
sby sdrug sblood slevels. sDrug sblood slevels sonly smeasure sthe samount sof sdrug sin sthe sbody; sthey
sdo snot sdetermine sthe ssource sof sthe smedication.
DIF: Cognitive sLevel: sComprehension REF: s p. s17 OBJ:
s 3 sNAT: s NCLEX sClient sNeeds sCategory: sPhysiological sIntegrity
TOP: s Nursing sProcess sStep: sEvaluation CON: s Clinical sJudgment s| sSafety
6. What sis sthe sprocess sby swhich sa sdrug sis stransported sby scirculating sbody sfluids sto sreceptor ssites?
a. Osmosis
b. Distribution
c. Absorption
d. Biotransformation
ANS: s B
, DOWNLOAD THE Test Bank for Clayton's Basic Pharmacology for Nurses 18th
Edition Willihnganz
Distribution srefers sto sthe sways sin swhich sdrugs sare stransported sby sthe scirculating sbody sfluids sto
sthe ssites sof saction s(receptors), smetabolism, sand sexcretion. sOsmosis sis sthe sprocess sof smoving
ssolution sacross sa ssemipermeable smembrane sto sequalize sthe sdilution son seach sside. sAbsorption
sis sthe sprocess sby swhich sa sdrug sis stransferred sfrom sits ssite sof sentry sinto sthe sbody sto sthe
scirculating sfluids sfor sdistribution. sBiotransformation, salso scalled smetabolism, sis sthe sprocess sby
swhich sthe sbody sinactivates sdrugs.
DIF: Cognitive sLevel: sComprehension REF: s p. s15 OBJ:
s 3 sNAT: s NCLEX sClient sNeeds sCategory: sPhysiological sIntegrity
TOP: s Nursing sProcess sStep: sPlanning CON: s Patient sEducation s| sClinical sJudgment s| sSafety
7. The snurse sassesses swhich sblood slevel sto sdetermine sthe samount sof scirculating smedication sin sa
patient?
s
a. Peak
b. Trough
c. Drug
d. Therapeutic
ANS: s C
When sa sdrug sis scirculating sin sthe sblood, sa sblood ssample smay sbe sdrawn sand sassayed sto
sdetermine sthe samount sof sdrug spresent; sthis sis sknown sas sthe sdrug sblood slevel. sPeak slevels sare
sonly sthose sdrug sblood slevels sthat sare sat stheir smaximum sbefore smetabolism sstarts sto sdecrease
sthe samount sof scirculating sdrug. sTrough slevels sare sonly sthose sdrug sblood slevels sthat sare sat stheir
sminimum swhen smetabolism shas sdecreased sthe samount sof scirculating sdrug sand sbefore san
sincrease scaused sby sa ssubsequent sdose sof sthe smedication. sTherapeutic slevels sare sonly sthose
swithin sa sprescribed srange sof sblood slevels sdetermined sto sbring sabout seffective saction sof sthe
smedication.
DIF: Cognitive sLevel: sComprehension REF: s p. s17 OBJ:
s 3 sNAT: s NCLEX sClient sNeeds sCategory: sPhysiological sIntegrity
TOP: s Nursing sProcess sStep: sEvaluation CON: s Patient sEducation s| sClinical sJudgment s| sSafety
8. The snurse sadministers s50 smg sof sa sdrug sat s6:00 sAM sthat shas sa shalf-life sof s8 shours. sWhat stime
will sit sbe swhen s25 smg sof sthe sdrug shas sbeen seliminated sfrom sthe sbody?
s
a. 8:00 sAM
b. 11:00 sAM
c. 2:00 sPM
d. 6:00 sPM
ANS: s C
Fifty spercent sof sthe smedication, sor s25 smg, swill sbe seliminated sin s8 shours, sor sat s2:00 sPM. s8:00
sAM sis s2 shours safter sadministration; sthe shalf-life sis s8 shours. s11:00 sAM sis s4 shours safter
sadministration; sthe shalf-life sis s8 shours. s6:00 sPM sis s12 shours safter sadministration; sthe shalf-life
sis s8 shours.
DIF: Cognitive sLevel: sAnalysis REF: s p. s15 OBJ:
s 2 sNAT: s NCLEX sClient sNeeds sCategory: sPhysiological sIntegrity
TOP: s Nursing sProcess sStep: sEvaluation
CON: s Clinical sJudgment s| sSafety s| sElimination s| sHealth sPromotion
9. What swill sthe snurse sneed sto sdetermine sfirst sin sorder sto smix stwo sdrugs sin sthe ssame ssyringe?
Edition Willihnganz
Chapter 02: Basic Principles of Drug Action and Drug Interactions
s s s s s s s s s
Willihnganz: Clayton’s Basic Pharmacology for Nurses, 18th Edition
s s s s s s s s
MULTIPLE sCHOICE
1. The snurse sassesses shives sin sa spatient sstarted son sa snew smedication. sWhat sis sthe snurse’s spriority
action?
s
a. Notify sphysician sof sallergic sreaction.
b. Notify sphysician sof sidiosyncratic sreaction.
c. Notify sphysician sof spotential steratogenicity.
d. Notify sphysician sof spotential stolerance.
ANS: s A
An sallergic sreaction sis sindicative sof shypersensitivity sand smanifests swith shives sand/or surticaria,
swhich sare seasily sidentified. sAn sidiosyncratic sreaction soccurs swhen ssomething sunusual sor
sabnormal shappens swhen sa sdrug sis sfirst sadministered. sA steratogenic sreaction srefers sto sthe
occurrence sof sbirth sdefects srelated sto sadministration sof sthe sdrug. sTolerance srefers sto sthe sbody’s
srequirement sfor sincreasing sdosages sto sachieve sthe ssame seffects sthat sa slower sdose sonce sdid.
DIF: Cognitive sLevel: sApplication REF: s p. s17 OBJ:
s 4 sNAT: s NCLEX sClient sNeeds sCategory: sPhysiological sIntegrity
TOP: s Nursing sProcess sStep: sAssessment CON: s Clinical sJudgment s| sSafety
2. The snurse sadministers san sinitial sdose sof sa ssteroid sto sa spatient swith sasthma. sThirty sminutes safter
administration, sthe snurse sfinds sthe spatient sagitated sand sstating sthat s“everyone sis sout sto sget
s
me.” sWhat sis sthe sterm sfor sthis sunusual sreaction?
s
a. Desired saction
b. Adverse seffect
c. Idiosyncratic sreaction
d. Allergic sreaction
ANS: s C
Idiosyncratic sreactions sare sunusual, sabnormal sreactions sthat soccur swhen sa sdrug sis sfirst
sadministered. sPatients stypically sexhibit san soverresponsiveness sto sa smedication srelated sto
sdiminished smetabolism. sThese sreactions sare sbelieved sto sbe srelated sto sgenetic senzyme
sdeficiencies. sDesired sactions sare sexpected sresponses sto sa smedication. sAdverse seffects sare
sreactions sthat soccur sin sanother ssystem sof sthe sbody; sthey sare susually spredictable. sAllergic
sreactions sappear safter srepeated smedication sdosages.
DIF: Cognitive sLevel: sKnowledge REF: s p. s18 OBJ:
s 4 sNAT: s NCLEX sClient sNeeds sCategory: sPhysiological sIntegrity
TOP: s Nursing sProcess sStep: sEvaluation
CON: s Patient sEducation s| sClinical sJudgment s| sCaregiving s| sSafety s| sSensory sPerception
3. Which sis sthe sbest sdescription sof swhen sdrug sinteractions soccur?
a. On sadministration sof stoxic sdosages sof sa sdrug
b. On san sincrease sin sthe spharmacodynamics sof sbound sdrugs
c. On sthe salteration sof sthe seffect sof sone sdrug sby sanother sdrug
d. On sincrease sof sdrug sexcretion
ANS: s C
,DOWNLOAD THE Test Bank for Clayton's Basic Pharmacology for Nurses 18th
Edition Willihnganz
Drug sinteractions smay sbe scharacterized sby san sincrease sor sdecrease sin sthe seffectiveness sof sone
sor sboth sof sthe sdrugs. sToxicity sof sone sdrug smay sor smay snot saffect sthe smetabolism sof sanother
sone. sDrug sinteractions smay sresult sfrom seither sincreased sor sdecreased spharmacodynamics.
Drug sinteractions smay sresult sfrom seither sincreased sor sdecreased sexcretion.
DIF: Cognitive sLevel: sComprehension REF: s p. s18 OBJ:
s 5 sNAT: s NCLEX sClient sNeeds sCategory: sPhysiological sIntegrity
TOP: s Nursing sProcess sStep: sAssessment CON: s Safety s| sPatient sEducation s| sClinical sJudgment
4. What soccurs swhen stwo sdrugs scompete sfor sthe ssame sreceptor ssite, sresulting sin sincreased
activity sof sthe sfirst sdrug?
s
a. Desired saction
b. Synergistic seffect
c. Carcinogenicity
d. Displacement
ANS: s D
The sdisplacement sof sthe sfirst sdrug sfrom sreceptor ssites sby sa ssecond sdrug sincreases sthe samount
sof sthe sfirst sdrug sbecause smore sunbound sdrug sis savailable. sAn sexpected sresponse sof sa sdrug sis
sthe sdesired saction. sA ssynergistic seffect sis sthe seffect sof stwo sdrugs sbeing sgreater sthan sthe seffect
sof seach schemical sindividually sor sthe ssum sof sthe sindividual seffects. sCarcinogenicity sis sthe
sability sof sa sdrug sto scause scells sto smutate sand sbecome scancerous.
DIF: Cognitive sLevel: sComprehension REF: s p. s19 OBJ:
s 6 sNAT: s NCLEX sClient sNeeds sCategory: sPhysiological sIntegrity
TOP: s Nursing sProcess sStep: sImplementation CON: s Safety s| sPatient sEducation
5. What sdo sdrug sblood slevels sindicate?
a. They sconfirm sif sthe spatient sis staking sa sgeneric sform sof sa sdrug.
b. They sdetermine sif sthe spatient shas ssufficient sbody sfat sto smetabolize sthe sdrug.
c. They sverify sif sthe spatient sis staking ssomeone selse’s smedications.
d. They sdetermine sif sthe samount sof sdrug sin sthe sbody sis sin sa stherapeutic srange.
ANS: s D
The samount sof sdrug spresent smay svary sover stime sand sthe sblood slevel smust sremain sin sa
stherapeutic srange sin sorder sto sobtain sthe sdesired sresult. sGeneric sdrugs sdo snot snecessarily
sproduce sa sdifferent sdrug sblood slevel sthan sproprietary smedications. sBody sfat sis snot smeasured
sby sdrug sblood slevels. sDrug sblood slevels sonly smeasure sthe samount sof sdrug sin sthe sbody; sthey
sdo snot sdetermine sthe ssource sof sthe smedication.
DIF: Cognitive sLevel: sComprehension REF: s p. s17 OBJ:
s 3 sNAT: s NCLEX sClient sNeeds sCategory: sPhysiological sIntegrity
TOP: s Nursing sProcess sStep: sEvaluation CON: s Clinical sJudgment s| sSafety
6. What sis sthe sprocess sby swhich sa sdrug sis stransported sby scirculating sbody sfluids sto sreceptor ssites?
a. Osmosis
b. Distribution
c. Absorption
d. Biotransformation
ANS: s B
, DOWNLOAD THE Test Bank for Clayton's Basic Pharmacology for Nurses 18th
Edition Willihnganz
Distribution srefers sto sthe sways sin swhich sdrugs sare stransported sby sthe scirculating sbody sfluids sto
sthe ssites sof saction s(receptors), smetabolism, sand sexcretion. sOsmosis sis sthe sprocess sof smoving
ssolution sacross sa ssemipermeable smembrane sto sequalize sthe sdilution son seach sside. sAbsorption
sis sthe sprocess sby swhich sa sdrug sis stransferred sfrom sits ssite sof sentry sinto sthe sbody sto sthe
scirculating sfluids sfor sdistribution. sBiotransformation, salso scalled smetabolism, sis sthe sprocess sby
swhich sthe sbody sinactivates sdrugs.
DIF: Cognitive sLevel: sComprehension REF: s p. s15 OBJ:
s 3 sNAT: s NCLEX sClient sNeeds sCategory: sPhysiological sIntegrity
TOP: s Nursing sProcess sStep: sPlanning CON: s Patient sEducation s| sClinical sJudgment s| sSafety
7. The snurse sassesses swhich sblood slevel sto sdetermine sthe samount sof scirculating smedication sin sa
patient?
s
a. Peak
b. Trough
c. Drug
d. Therapeutic
ANS: s C
When sa sdrug sis scirculating sin sthe sblood, sa sblood ssample smay sbe sdrawn sand sassayed sto
sdetermine sthe samount sof sdrug spresent; sthis sis sknown sas sthe sdrug sblood slevel. sPeak slevels sare
sonly sthose sdrug sblood slevels sthat sare sat stheir smaximum sbefore smetabolism sstarts sto sdecrease
sthe samount sof scirculating sdrug. sTrough slevels sare sonly sthose sdrug sblood slevels sthat sare sat stheir
sminimum swhen smetabolism shas sdecreased sthe samount sof scirculating sdrug sand sbefore san
sincrease scaused sby sa ssubsequent sdose sof sthe smedication. sTherapeutic slevels sare sonly sthose
swithin sa sprescribed srange sof sblood slevels sdetermined sto sbring sabout seffective saction sof sthe
smedication.
DIF: Cognitive sLevel: sComprehension REF: s p. s17 OBJ:
s 3 sNAT: s NCLEX sClient sNeeds sCategory: sPhysiological sIntegrity
TOP: s Nursing sProcess sStep: sEvaluation CON: s Patient sEducation s| sClinical sJudgment s| sSafety
8. The snurse sadministers s50 smg sof sa sdrug sat s6:00 sAM sthat shas sa shalf-life sof s8 shours. sWhat stime
will sit sbe swhen s25 smg sof sthe sdrug shas sbeen seliminated sfrom sthe sbody?
s
a. 8:00 sAM
b. 11:00 sAM
c. 2:00 sPM
d. 6:00 sPM
ANS: s C
Fifty spercent sof sthe smedication, sor s25 smg, swill sbe seliminated sin s8 shours, sor sat s2:00 sPM. s8:00
sAM sis s2 shours safter sadministration; sthe shalf-life sis s8 shours. s11:00 sAM sis s4 shours safter
sadministration; sthe shalf-life sis s8 shours. s6:00 sPM sis s12 shours safter sadministration; sthe shalf-life
sis s8 shours.
DIF: Cognitive sLevel: sAnalysis REF: s p. s15 OBJ:
s 2 sNAT: s NCLEX sClient sNeeds sCategory: sPhysiological sIntegrity
TOP: s Nursing sProcess sStep: sEvaluation
CON: s Clinical sJudgment s| sSafety s| sElimination s| sHealth sPromotion
9. What swill sthe snurse sneed sto sdetermine sfirst sin sorder sto smix stwo sdrugs sin sthe ssame ssyringe?
