BIOL 355 MIDTERM 1 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS

BIOL 355 MIDTERM 1 QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS
GerontolgyA2-A2Ans--ALLA2aspectsA2ofA2aging
-A2isA2aA2branchA2ofA2science
-A2DealsA2directlyA2withA2theA2broadA2STUDYA2ofA2theA2agingA2process
-A2UsuallyA2isA2fromA2theA2onsetA2ofA2maturityA2toA2death
-A2isA2aA2multidisciplinaryA2fieldA2(includesA2bio,A2psychA2andA2econA2perspectives)

GerontologistA2-A2Ans--
utilizeA2multidisciplinaryA2conceptsA2andA2approachesA2inA2anA2attemptA2toA2understandA2
ALLA2aspectsA2ofA2complexA2agingA2process

GeriatricsA2-A2Ans--BranchA2ofA2specializedA2MEDICINEA2(healthA2care)
DealsA2withA2medicalA2careA2andA2treatmentA2ofA2elderly
ReliesA2heavilyA2onA2theA2fieldA2ofA2GerontologyA2(can'tA2practiceA2withoutA2understandin
gA2theA2process)

GeriatriciansA2-A2Ans--
PrimarilyA2concernedA2withA2theA2health,A2care,A2diseases,A2andA2treatmentA2ofA2olderA2a
dultsA2(holisticA2approachA2thatA2takesA2intoA2manyA2factorsA2ofA2theA2elderlyA2patient-
health,A2comfort,A2treatments,A2livingA2conditions)

PrimaryA2differenceA2forA2geriatricsA2isA2_______A2-A2Ans--
CAUSEA2forA2agingA2(inA2termsA2ofA2medicationA2andA2disease/comfort/care)

3A2mainA2academicA2areasA2thatA2contributeA2toA2gerontologyA2-A2Ans--Biology
Psychological
Social

BiologicalA2AgingA2-A2Ans--concernedA2withA2longevity
how/whyA2bodyA2changesA2withA2age
demographicsA2ofA2aging
neuropsychologyA2ofA2aging
medicalA2gerontology

PsychologicalA2AgingA2-A2Ans--concernedA2withA2adaptiveA2capabilitiesA2(ieA2memory)
Behaviour:A2attitudes,A2motivation,A2emotionsA2(personalityA2changes)

SocialA2AgingA2-A2Ans--
ConcernedA2withA2rolesA2andA2expectationsA2ofA2societyA2(ieA2parentsA2becomeA2grandpa
rents)
Births,A2deaths
Retirement

,SocietalA2Roles

GerontologyA2isA2anA2________A2andA2_______A2fieldA2-A2Ans--
interdisciplinaryA2andA2multidisciplinary
IE
Frailty,A2stressA2andA2depression->A2increaseA2inA2cortisol->A2affectsA2manyA2organs-
>A2increasedA2riskA2ofA2infection

HolisticA2ApproachA2-A2Ans--
AllA2aspectsA2areA2equallyA2importantA2inA2theA2agingA2processA2ofA2anA2individual
AND
InteractionA2ofA2allA2theseA2processesA2willA2contributeA2toA2shapeA2anA2individual'sA2agin
gA2courseA2orA2path
BUTA2noneA2canA2impactA2orA2alterA2chronologicalA2aging

BiogerontologyA2-A2Ans--
TheA2scientificA2investigationA2ofA2biologicalA2mechanismsA2ofA2howA2andA2whyA2weA2age
LooksA2atA2PHYSICALA2CHANGESA2inA2bodyA2structureA2thatA2occursA2withA2increasedA2
age
theseA2normalA2physicalA2changesA2couldA2leadA2toA2changesA2in:
1.A2AppearanceA2(wrinkles,A2greyA2hair,A2decreaseA2inA2heightA2andA2mobility)
2.A2FunctionalA2Capacity

AgingA2beginsA2withA2aA2-A2Ans--
decreaseA2inA2functionalA2capacityA2(changesA2inA2DNA,A2proteins,A2cellularA2levels)

AbnormalA2age-relatedA2changesA2-A2Ans--
cellularA2changesA2keepA2compoundingA2andA2itA2mayA2leadA2toA2crossingA2overA2theA2nor
malA2agingA2processA2intoA2theA2diseaseA2andA2abnormalA2level
alsoA2includeA2functionalA2restrictionsA2andA2impairmentsA2oftenA2associatedA2withA2adva
ncedA2age

TrueA2orA2False:A2ElderlyA2becomeA2homogenousA2-A2Ans--False
theyA2becomeA2moreA2different

ChronologicalA2AgeA2-A2Ans--PassageA2ofA2timeA2fromA2birthA2forA2thatA2individual
PoorA2indicatorA2ofA2biologicalA2age

WhyA2isA2chronologicalA2ageA2aA2poorA2indicatorA2ofA2biologicalA2ageA2-A2Ans--
1.A2Subjective-
A2sinceA2itA2isA2basedA2onlyA2onA2timeA2(doesA2notA2reflectA2tremendousA2amountsA2ofA2bi
ologicalA2variationA2inA2howA2individualsA2age,A2basedA2onA2numerousA2exposureA2toA2ma
nyA2conditions)
2.A2Arbitrary-cohortA2effect,A2elderlyA2growA2upA2inA2differentA2times/places
3.A2Relative-A2survivorshipA2effect,A2whereA2youA2areA2inA2ownA2lifespan
TheseA2areA2alsoA2allA2differentA2inA2magnitudeA2andA2type

, IsA2timeA2relevantA2atA2theA2biologicalA2level?A2-A2Ans--No
DoesA2notA2reflectA2individualA2differences,A2exposureA2orA2predisposition

ChoronologicalA2ageA2categoriesA2areA2usefulA2forA2_____A2butA2areA2notA2usefulA2forA2__
___.
Why?A2-A2Ans--populations
expressingA2agingA2ofA2individuals
biologicalA2agingA2doesA2notA2equalA2chronologicalA2aging

BiologicalA2ageA2isA2basedA2onA2aA2person'sA2______A2-A2Ans--functionalA2capacity

FunctionalA2CapacityA2-A2Ans--
isA2aA2directA2measureA2ofA2theA2abilityA2ofA2ourA2cells,A2tissues,A2andA2organA2systemsA2t
oA2functionA2properly/optimally

BiologicalA2humanA2individualsA2areA2extremelyA2diversifiedA2inA2theirA2physiologicalA2agi
ngA2processA2inA2termsA2of:A2(3)A2-A2Ans--
1.A2TheA2ONSET(beginning)A2ofA2theA2agingA2process
2.A2TheA2RATEA2atA2whichA2itA2progresses
3.A2TheA2EXTENTA2toA2whichA2itA2progresses

AgingA2ofA2tissueA2-A2Ans--
DifferentA2tissuesA2(ieA2inA2differentA2organs)A2inA2differentA2peopleA2willA2ageA2faster/
slower

FactorsA2thatA2effectA2theA2timeA2ofA2onset,A2rateA2andA2extentA2ofA2biologicalA2agingA2-
A2Ans--Intrinsic
Exterinsic

IntrinsicA2factorsA2-A2Ans--HaveA2noA2control:
GeneticsA2(DNA)
-longevityA2genes
-deathA2genesA2(BRACA)
-race
-genderA2(influenceA2lifeA2expectancies-A2womenA2liveA2longer)
-predispositionA2toA2disease

ExtrinsicA2FactorsA2-A2Ans--HaveA2control:
Lifestyle/Nutrition
-Education
-Diet/nutrition
-Exercise
-Drugs/Alcohol
-StressA2(pessimistA2vsA2optimist)
-EnvironmentA2(pollution,A2smog,A2toxins,A2sunlight,A2trauma,A2infectionsA2etc)