CHAPTER 24 - WATER, ELECTROLYTES AND ACID/BASE BALANCE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS

CHAPTER 24 - WATER, ELECTROLYTES
AND ACID/BASE BALANCE QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT ANSWERS
TheA2waterA2contentA2(asA2aA2percentageA2ofA2totalA2bodyA2weight)A2ofA2aA270A2kgA2young
A2maleA2isA2whichA2ofA2theA2following?
SlightlyA2lessA2thanA2thatA2ofA2anA2adultA2female
AroundA255A2-A260%A2ofA2totalA2bodyA2weight
LessA2thanA2thatA2ofA2obeseA2andA2elderlyA2people
TheA2sameA2asA2thatA2ofA2aA2newbornA2babyA2-A2Ans--AroundA255A2-
A260%A2ofA2totalA2bodyA2weight


WhatA2percentageA2ofA2bodyA2waterA2doesA2IntracellularA2fluidA2(ICF)A2contain?A2-A2Ans--
65%

WhatA2percentageA2ofA2bodyA2waterA2doesA2TissueA2(interstitial)A2fluidA2contain?A2-A2Ans--
25%

WhatA2percentageA2ofA2bodyA2waterA2doesA2BloodA2plasmaA2andA2lymphA2contain?A2-
A2Ans--8%


WhatA2percentageA2ofA2bodyA2waterA2doesA2TranscellularA2fluidA2contain?A2-A2Ans--2%

ChooseA2theA2typesA2ofA2transcellularA2fluids.
BloodA2plasma,A2lymphA2andA2interstitialA2fluid
Cerebrospinal,A2synovial,A2peritoneal,A2pleural,A2andA2pericardialA2fluids
BileA2andA2fluidA2inA2theA2digestive,A2urinary,A2andA2respiratoryA2tracts
VitreousA2andA2aqueousA2humorsA2ofA2theA2eyeA2-A2Ans--
Cerebrospinal,A2synovial,A2peritoneal,A2pleural,A2andA2pericardialA2fluids
BileA2andA2fluidA2inA2theA2digestive,A2urinary,A2andA2respiratoryA2tracts
VitreousA2andA2aqueousA2humorsA2ofA2theA2eye

ByA2whichA2meansA2canA2waterA2moveA2fromA2oneA2fluidA2compartmentA2toA2another?A2-
A2Ans--CapillaryA2filtration
Osmosis

TrueA2orA2false:A2AA2newbornA2baby'sA2weightA2isA2asA2muchA2asA275%A2water,A2whereas
A2obeseA2andA2elderlyA2people'sA2weightA2isA2asA2littleA2asA245%A2water.A2-A2Ans--True


WhichA2determinesA2theA2directionA2andA2extentA2ofA2osmosisA2betweenA2theA2intracellula
rA2andA2extracellularA2compartments?
SoluteA2concentrationsA2inA2theA2variousA2compartments
NumberA2ofA2waterA2transportA2enzymesA2foundA2inA2theA2membranes

, ActivationA2ofA2chemoreceptors
PresenceA2ofA2gapA2junctionsA2betweenA2theA2cellsA2-A2Ans--
SoluteA2concentrationsA2inA2theA2variousA2compartments

AA2personA2isA2inA2aA2stateA2ofA2fluidA2_______________A2whenA2dailyA2gainsA2andA2loss
esA2areA2equal.A2-A2Ans--balance

TranscellularA2fluidA2isA2aA2typeA2ofA2______A2fluid.A2-A2Ans--extracellular

WhenA2osmolarityA2ofA2theA2tissueA2fluidA2risesA2waterA2movesA2_____________A2theA2ce
ll.A2-A2Ans--outA2of

WhatA2termA2refersA2toA2waterA2formedA2byA2dehydrationA2synthesisA2andA2aerobicA2respi
ration?A2-A2Ans--MetabolicA2water

WaterA2balanceA2isA2mostA2directlyA2tiedA2toA2whichA2ofA2theA2following?A2-A2Ans--
ElectrolyteA2balance

WeA2typicallyA2gainA2andA2loseA2aboutA2______A2mLA2ofA2fluidsA2aA2day.A2-A2Ans--2500

MostA2waterA2isA2lostA2dailyA2throughA2______.A2-A2Ans--urine

InA2_______________________A2transpiration,A2waterA2diffusesA2throughA2theA2epidermi
sA2andA2evaporates.A2-A2Ans--cutaneous

WaterA2intakeA2totalsA2aboutA22500A2mL/
day.A2TheA2combinationA2ofA2waterA2fromA2foodA2(aboutA2700A2mL)A2andA2drinkA2(aboutA21
600A2mL)A2isA2knownA2asA2_______________A2water.A2-A2Ans--preformed

TrueA2orA2false:A2RespiratoryA2lossA2decreasesA2inA2coldA2weather.A2-A2Ans--False

OutputA2throughA2theA2expiredA2airA2andA2cutaneousA2transpirationA2(butA2notA2includingA2
fecalA2moisture,A2urine,A2andA2sweat)A2isA2calledA2______A2waterA2lossA2becauseA2weA2ar
eA2notA2usuallyA2consciousA2ofA2it.A2-A2Ans--insensible

RankA2theA2followingA2routesA2ofA2normalA2waterA2lossA2fromA2largestA2volumeA2toA2small
estA2volume.
CutaneousA2transpiration
SweatA2(atA2anA2ambientA2temperatureA2ofA220A2CA2(68A2F)
ExpiredA2breath
FecesA2
UrineA2-A2Ans--Urine
CutaneousA2transpiration
ExpiredA2breath
FecesA2
SweatA2(atA2anA2ambientA2temperatureA2ofA220A2CA2(68A2F)