LECTURE 9 MIDDLE EAR SHS 311 TEST 2.
From question to perfection| Study with confidence!
Know the anatomical terms of the Tympanic Membrane introduced in class - Answer: - (e.g.
manubrium of malleus, umbo, and cone of light, Annulus, Pars flaccida, Pars tensa).
Umbo - Answer: point of attachment from tympanic membrane to malleus
Annulus - Answer: Thickening of skin around tympanic membrane
Cone of light - Answer: byproduct from doing otoscopy (reflection, good sign of healthy ear
drum)
Pars tensa - Answer: thick, taut, central-inferior section of tympanic membrane
Pars flaccida - Answer: small, slack, superior section of tympanic membrane
manubrium of malleus - Answer: where malleus is attached to fibrous layer of TM
- "long arm"
Posterosuperior quadrant (4) - Answer:
Anteriorsuperior quadrant (1) - Answer:
Anteriorinferior quadrant (2) - Answer:
Posteroinferior quadrant (3) - Answer:
APPHIA – Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence. 1
, What is the function of the Tympanic Membrane? - Answer: The Tympanic Membrane (TM)
is among the thinnest tissue in the body. This helps ensure that the TM vibrates well at high
frequencies.
• The TM does not alter the vibration of the incoming sound wave very much. The TM does
provide some amplification of sound, especially in the middle part connected to the
Manubrium of Malleus.
- Tympanic membrane sensitivity varies with frequency
- Different parts of the TM respond differently to different frequencies
Ossicular chain - Answer: - Malleus, incus, stapes
- Smallest bones in body
- Umbo attaches to malleus, malleus attaches to incus, incus attaches to stapes, stapes
attaches to oval window
Malleus - Answer:
Incus - Answer:
Stapes - Answer:
How does the Ossicular Chain connect to the Cochlea? - Answer: Stapes footplate
connects w/ the oval window
- As the stapes moves in and out, it pushes on the cochlear fluid, initiating waves within the
basilar membrane.
APPHIA – Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence. 2
From question to perfection| Study with confidence!
Know the anatomical terms of the Tympanic Membrane introduced in class - Answer: - (e.g.
manubrium of malleus, umbo, and cone of light, Annulus, Pars flaccida, Pars tensa).
Umbo - Answer: point of attachment from tympanic membrane to malleus
Annulus - Answer: Thickening of skin around tympanic membrane
Cone of light - Answer: byproduct from doing otoscopy (reflection, good sign of healthy ear
drum)
Pars tensa - Answer: thick, taut, central-inferior section of tympanic membrane
Pars flaccida - Answer: small, slack, superior section of tympanic membrane
manubrium of malleus - Answer: where malleus is attached to fibrous layer of TM
- "long arm"
Posterosuperior quadrant (4) - Answer:
Anteriorsuperior quadrant (1) - Answer:
Anteriorinferior quadrant (2) - Answer:
Posteroinferior quadrant (3) - Answer:
APPHIA – Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence. 1
, What is the function of the Tympanic Membrane? - Answer: The Tympanic Membrane (TM)
is among the thinnest tissue in the body. This helps ensure that the TM vibrates well at high
frequencies.
• The TM does not alter the vibration of the incoming sound wave very much. The TM does
provide some amplification of sound, especially in the middle part connected to the
Manubrium of Malleus.
- Tympanic membrane sensitivity varies with frequency
- Different parts of the TM respond differently to different frequencies
Ossicular chain - Answer: - Malleus, incus, stapes
- Smallest bones in body
- Umbo attaches to malleus, malleus attaches to incus, incus attaches to stapes, stapes
attaches to oval window
Malleus - Answer:
Incus - Answer:
Stapes - Answer:
How does the Ossicular Chain connect to the Cochlea? - Answer: Stapes footplate
connects w/ the oval window
- As the stapes moves in and out, it pushes on the cochlear fluid, initiating waves within the
basilar membrane.
APPHIA – Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence. 2
